scholarly journals A Short Update of Frankel Functional Regulator

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 06-12
Author(s):  
Dr. Lakshmi Thribhuvanan ◽  
Dr. M.S. Saravankumar ◽  
Dr. Anjana G.
Keyword(s):  
Early Treatment ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Permanent Dentition ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
Normal Occlusion ◽  
Function Regulator ◽  
Removable Appliance ◽  
Resultant Forces

A removable appliance is a device that modifies mandibular posture and transmits the resultant forces created by muscles and soft tissues to underlying and surrounding anatomical structures in a controlled manner. The resulting variation of the neuromuscular environment thus produces the required tooth movement along with the needed advancements in growing patterns. The necessity and requirement of early treatment is to modify the existing and developing malocclusions and muscular derangements before the attainment of growth completion of permanent dentition. Frankel Function Regulator (FR) is a device which functions on the principle of functional orthopedics in unity with muscle gymnastics (muscle exercises) and thereby results in morphological changes in both the jaws hence re-establishing the desirable normal occlusion.

scholarly journals Occlusal hypofunction causes periodontal atrophy and VEGF/VEGFR inhibition in tooth movement

2012 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Risa Usumi-Fujita ◽  
Jun Hosomichi ◽  
Noriaki Ono ◽  
Naoki Shibutani ◽  
Sawa Kaneko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Compressive Force ◽  
Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase ◽  
Vegf Receptor ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Normal Occlusion ◽  
Titanium Nickel

Abstract Objective: To examine changes in microvasculature and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) and VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) in rat hypofunctional periodontal ligament (PDL) during experimental tooth movement. Materials and Methods: Twelve-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into normal occlusion and occlusal hypofunction groups. After a 2-week bite-raising period, rat first molar was moved mesially using a 10-gf titanium-nickel alloy closed coil spring in both groups. On days 0, 1, 2, 3, and 7 after tooth movement, histologic changes were examined by micro–computed tomography and immunohistochemistry using CD31, VEGF-A, VEGFR-2, and the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) method. Results: Hypofunctional molars inclined more than normal molars and did not move notably after day 1 of tooth movement. Blood vessels increased on the tension side of the PDL in normal teeth. Immunoreactivities for VEGF-A and VEGFR-2 in normal teeth were greater than those in hypofunctional teeth during tooth movement. Compressive force rapidly caused apoptosis of the PDL and vascular endothelial cells in hypofunctional teeth, but not in normal teeth. Conclusions: Occlusal hypofunction induces vascular constriction through a decrease in the expression of VEGF-A and VEGFR-2, and apoptosis of the PDL and vascular cells occurs during tooth movement.

scholarly journals Less iatrogenic soft-tissue damage utilizing robotic-assisted total knee arthroplasty when compared with a manual approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 495-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily L. Hampp ◽  
Nipun Sodhi ◽  
Laura Scholl ◽  
Matthew E. Deren ◽  
Zachary Yenna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Tissue Damage ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Soft Tissue Damage ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
Cruciate Retaining ◽  
Robotic Assisted ◽  
Total Knee

Objectives The use of the haptically bounded saw blades in robotic-assisted total knee arthroplasty (RTKA) can potentially help to limit surrounding soft-tissue injuries. However, there are limited data characterizing these injuries for cruciate-retaining (CR) TKA with the use of this technique. The objective of this cadaver study was to compare the extent of soft-tissue damage sustained through a robotic-assisted, haptically guided TKA (RATKA) versus a manual TKA (MTKA) approach. Methods A total of 12 fresh-frozen pelvis-to-toe cadaver specimens were included. Four surgeons each prepared three RATKA and three MTKA specimens for cruciate-retaining TKAs. A RATKA was performed on one knee and a MTKA on the other. Postoperatively, two additional surgeons assessed and graded damage to 14 key anatomical structures in a blinded manner. Kruskal–Wallis hypothesis tests were performed to assess statistical differences in soft-tissue damage between RATKA and MTKA cases. Results Significantly less damage occurred to the PCLs in the RATKA versus the MTKA specimens (p < 0.001). RATKA specimens had non-significantly less damage to the deep medial collateral ligaments (p = 0.149), iliotibial bands (p = 0.580), poplitei (p = 0.248), and patellar ligaments (p = 0.317). The remaining anatomical structures had minimal soft-tissue damage in all MTKA and RATKA specimens. Conclusion The results of this study indicate that less soft-tissue damage may occur when utilizing RATKA compared with MTKA. These findings are likely due to the enhanced preoperative planning with the robotic software, the real-time intraoperative feedback, and the haptically bounded saw blade, all of which may help protect the surrounding soft tissues and ligaments. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2019;8:495–501. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.810.BJR-2019-0129.R1.

scholarly journals Histological Change in Soft Tissue Surrounding Titanium Plates after Jaw Surgery

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 3205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Armencea ◽  
Dan Gheban ◽  
Florin Onisor ◽  
Ileana Mitre ◽  
Avram Manea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Acute Inflammation ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Histological Change ◽  
Plate Removal ◽  
Metallic Particles ◽  
Routine Removal ◽  
Jaw Surgery ◽  
Soft Tissue Covering

The aim of this study was to evaluate the microscopic structure of soft tissue covering titanium plates and screws used in jaw surgery (mandible fracture and orthognathic surgery), after a minimum period of 12 months from insertion, and to quantify the presence of any metallic particles. Periosteum covering the osteosynthesis plates was removed from 20 patients and examined by light microscopy in order to assess the cell morphological changes and the possibility of metal particles presence in the soft tissue. Local signs of tissue toxicity or inflammation were taken into consideration when evaluating the routine removal of titanium maxillofacial miniplates. No signs of screw loosening or acute inflammation were detected on the osteosynthesis site, but de-coloration of the periosteum was seen, and metallic particles were observed to have migrated into the soft tissues. Even if the titanium is well-tolerated by the human body in time, without severe local or general complications, our findings suggest that plate removal should be considered after bone healing has occurred.

Orbital cellulitis

2021 ◽  
pp. 175573802098787
Author(s):  
Rohael Iftakhar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Early Treatment ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Orbital Cellulitis ◽  
Superficial Infection ◽  
Loss Of Vision ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Prompt Diagnosis

Orbital cellulitis is a significant infection that affects the ocular adnexal and associated orbital tissues. It is often a clinical diagnosis and can present as an ophthalmological emergency. The soft tissues posterior to the orbital septum are involved. Thus, the infection is deep and requires aggressive intervention compared with the more superficial infection of pre-septal cellulitis. Failure of prompt diagnosis and early treatment can lead to loss of vision and can be potentially life-threatening. The article discusses the clinical features, risk factors and management of orbital cellulitis. It provides an overview of the important differentials to consider and resultant complications that can occur.

The Relationship between the Angulation of the Roots and the Rate of Approximal Drift of Cheek Teeth in Adult Monkeys

1974 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 105-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. A. Picton ◽  
J. P. Moss
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Horizontal Distance ◽  
Normal Occlusion ◽  
The Relationship

The angulation of the roots of cheek teeth in nine adult monkeys ( Macaca irus) were measured from lateral radiographs taken after death. The angle formed by seventy pairs of teeth was compared with the horizontal distance these teeth were known to have migrated relative to each other during the last few weeks of life. It was found that no significant correlation was present between these parameters nor with the direction of horizontal drift. This was true when the teeth were in normal occlusion, the opposing teeth were extracted or the interdental soft tissues were scraped away. This evidence together with specimens of mammalian skulls showing lack of association of angulation of the roots and presence or absence of approximal contacts indicates that the inclination of the roots is not an important factor in the causation of approximal drift in adult animals.

scholarly journals Methods of reconstructing complex multi-structural anatomical objects with RP techniques

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-323
Author(s):  
T. Kudasik ◽  
S. Miechowicz
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Analysis ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
Reconstruction Methods ◽  
Complex Structural ◽  
Structural Object ◽  
Anatomical Objects ◽  
Object Models

Abstract This article presents reconstruction methods applied to a (geometrically and physically) complex structural object with the use of RP and RT techniques. The methods are innovative due to their hybrid - multi-model and multi-material - approach to reconstruction, as well as the application of multiple technologies. An experimental analysis was conducted to verify the feasibility of rapid prototyping (RP) techniques in the reconstruction of complex internal structures using materials of diverse properties. Some RP techniques offer the possibility of discriminating between diverse objects through the use of different colours. Such models are well-suited for diagnostic purposes, for better visualisation of complex clinical problems, pathological alterations, etc. Nevertheless, they fail to fully reflect physical and mechanical properties of objects, which renders them useful in experimental analysis only to a limited extent. Their basic drawback is that they merely reflect geometrical features of the examined object. The methods discussed in the present article enable modelling multi-object structures in a single process based on the PolyJet Matrix technology and materials of different physical properties by means of a hybrid method. The article also describes the process of modelling complex anatomical structures of soft tissues and bones using models of the maxilla and the mandible as examples. The study is based on data acquired through standard computed tomography (CT). In addition, the article addresses selected aspects of CT acquisition, generation of numerical models composed of several anatomical structures (objects) and fabricating physical multi-object models.

scholarly journals SKIN AND SUBCUTANEOUS ADIPOSE TISSUE DAMAGE AFTER RADIATION THERAPY IN BREAST CANCER PATIENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 18-35
Author(s):  
D. Bazyka ◽  
◽  
O. Litvinenko ◽  
S. Bugaytsov ◽  
G. Shakhrai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Adjuvant Radiotherapy ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Adjuvant Radiation ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Adjuvant Radiation Therapy

The analysis of long-term researches of the pathological changes arising in soft tissues at patients with a breast cancer as a result of radical surgical treatment and adjuvant radiotherapy is carried out in work. The article shows that the standard approach to postoperative radiation therapy, which is based only on the prevalence of the primary tumor process is not always justified. Very often it leads to excessive radiation load on the patient's body and the development of local acute and chronic radiation reactions of the skin, subcutaneous tissue and other soft tissues. In this regard, the question of differentiated purpose of radiotherapy acquires special value first of all at patients with small primary prevalence of tumor process. The paper presents the results of studies to study changes in the anterior chest wall in patients with breast cancer. In relation to the conduct of adjuvant radiotherapy more often need to use the concept of personalized radiation therapy. Radical operation, post-radiation early and late pathological changes in soft tissues, disturbance of microcirculation of lymph and blood, disturbance of innervation of vessels of an upper extremity, peripheral nerves in system of a cervical and plexus plexus, leads to intensive degenerative and dystrophic changes in soft tissues of the upper. and causes morphological changes in them and further progression of reflex neurovascular and neurodystrophic disorders. Based on the data of adverse effects of radiotherapy on the skin and surrounding tissues, as well as to reduce excessive radiation exposure to the patient's body, a differentiated approach to the appointment of adjuvant radiation therapy. The Scientific Council meeting of NAMS approved the NRCRM Annual Report. Key words: breast cancer, radiation therapy, adjuvant radiation therapy, complications of radiation therapy, radiation reactions, radiation injuries.

scholarly journals CAMBIOS MORFOLÓGICOS DEL TIMO EN LA ETAPA FETAL Y SU IMPORTANCIA CLÍNICA. MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES OF THE THYMUS IN THE FETAL STAGE AND ITS CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-16
Author(s):  
Emanuel Repetto ◽  
Mirta M. Aliendo ◽  
Susana N. Biasutto
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
Fetal Thymus ◽  
The Third ◽  
El Sistema ◽  
Cardio Vascular ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Immunological System ◽  
Fetal Stage

El timo se origina de la tercera bolsa faríngea, durante la 5ª semana de gestación, cuando migra junto con las paratiroides inferiores, hasta alcanzar su posición definitiva. El crecimiento y desarrollo del timo continúa después del nacimiento hasta la pubertad, ocupando una posición cervico-torácica. En este trabajo se miden y correlacionan los cambios en forma y tamaño del timo fetal, y se correlaciona su aspecto macroscópico con variaciones clínicas. Se estudiaron 80 fetos entre 14 y 21 semanas de gestación. El timo fue disecado conservando sus relaciones anatómicas más importantes. Observamos que la longitud de la glándula crece abruptamente entre la semana 17 y 18. Luego de la semana 18 el crecimiento en longitud de la glándula se mantiene de manera progresiva. El ancho del timo tiene un crecimiento notable entre la semana 15 y 16. El crecimiento total de la glándula, de la semana 14 a la 21, fue: 74,96% en su longitud, y 119,5% en el ancho. Analizando los datos obtenidos surge que el aumento de longitud y ancho del timo se acompaña del desarrollo anatómico del aparato cardiovascular y respiratorio respectivamente, en las mismas etapas, pudiendo confirmar que esto se deba a la relación existente entre la cápsula tímica, pleura y pericardio, que acompañan su crecimiento por arrastre. Destacamos el estudio de las dimensiones tímicas en el control prenatal, actuando como parámetro predictivo para la detección de patologías relacionadas con el sistema inmune y con patologías que afectan a otros órganos o sistemas relacionados.  During the fifth week of gestation, appears the third branchial pouch that will migrate originating the thymus and the superior parathyroid glands. Thymus growth and development will continue after birth until puberty, and always occupying a cervico-thoracic position. In this study we show shape and size variations of fetal thymus, and the correlation between its macroscopic aspect and clinical variations. We studied 80 fetuses between 14 and 21 weeks of gestation. The thymus was dissected respecting the relationship with the main anatomical structures. We demonstrated that the gland length suddenly grows between the week 17th and 18th. After that length growth continues progressively. Thymus breadth evidently grows between the weeks 15th and 16th. General growth of the gland, between the weeks 14th and 21st was 74.96% in length and 119.5% in breadth. Considering these data it appears as evident that the increasing in length and breadth of the thymus is related to the anatomical development of the cardio-vascular and respiratory systems respectively, in the same stages, confirming the relationship between the thymus capsule, pleura and pericardium, that determines the morphology of this growth by “traction”. We emphasize the study of thymus measures in pregnant controls as a predictive parameter for the detection of pathologies associated to the immunological system and other related organs or systems.

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