scholarly journals Salivary screening for Selenomonas noxia in the oral cavity of pediatric patients

2019 ◽  
pp. 01-07
Author(s):  
Rachelle Davidowitz ◽  
Katherine M. Howard ◽  
Karl Kingsley
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Dna Isolation ◽  
Oral Microbiome ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Initial Information ◽  
School Population ◽  
Hispanic Patients ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Selenomonas Noxia

The oral microbiome may be affected by patient medications, disease conditions and systemic disorders. Selenomonas noxia is an anaerobic, motile, non spore-forming, gram-negative rod that has been repeatedly associated with periodontal disease and other disorders, including obesity. Based upon the paucity of evidence regarding oral prevalence, the objective of was to evaluate S. noxia prevalence by sampling saliva from the oral cavity to screen for this pathogen. Using an existing saliva repository, DNA was isolated and screened using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Demographic analysis of study samples and qPCR results was also performed. Approximately half of the samples (n=96) were derived from females (51%) and the majority were from Hispanic patients (62.5%). Following DNA isolation and qPCR screening 37.5% (n=35) were found to harbor S. noxia DNA, which was more prevalent among the samples derived from adults (n=22 or 22.9%) than pediatric patients (n=13 or 13.5%). This study provides novel information regarding the oral prevalence of S. noxia among both pediatric and adult populations from a dental school population. These data are an important part of the overall epidemiologic analysis of this organism and may provide some initial information regarding the risk for periodontal or other health issues related to the presence among these populations.

scholarly journals Salivary screening for Selenomonas noxia in the oral cavity of pediatric patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (Issue 1) ◽  
pp. 01-07
Author(s):  
Rachelle Davidowitz ◽  
Katherine M. Howard ◽  
Karl Kingsley
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Dna Isolation ◽  
Oral Microbiome ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Initial Information ◽  
School Population ◽  
Hispanic Patients ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Selenomonas Noxia

The oral microbiome may be affected by patient medications, disease conditions and systemic disorders. Selenomonas noxia is an anaerobic, motile, non spore-forming, gram-negative rod that has been repeatedly associated with periodontal disease and other disorders, including obesity. Based upon the paucity of evidence regarding oral prevalence, the objective of was to evaluate S. noxia prevalence by sampling saliva from the oral cavity to screen for this pathogen. Using an existing saliva repository, DNA was isolated and screened using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Demographic analysis of study samples and qPCR results was also performed. Approximately half of the samples (n=96) were derived from females (51%) and the majority were from Hispanic patients (62.5%). Following DNA isolation and qPCR screening 37.5% (n=35) were found to harbor S. noxia DNA, which was more prevalent among the samples derived from adults (n=22 or 22.9%) than pediatric patients (n=13 or 13.5%). This study provides novel information regarding the oral prevalence of S. noxia among both pediatric and adult populations from a dental school population. These data are an important part of the overall epidemiologic analysis of this organism and may provide some initial information regarding the risk for periodontal or other health issues related to the presence among these populations.

The role of probiotics in correction of microbiocenosis and cytokine balance of the oral cavity of patient with chronic inflammatory disease of periodont

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-330
Author(s):  
E. S. Ovcharenko ◽  
V. V. Erichev ◽  
S. I. Risovannij ◽  
T. V. Aksenova ◽  
S. V. Melekhov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Oral Microbiome ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Local Immunity ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Before And After

Relevance. A long-term inflammation in the oral cavity, unreasonable treatment of periodontal patients with antibiotics cause imbalance between certain types of fungal-bacterial associations accompanied by oral dysbiosis and change of local immune status. So, development and application of new comprehensive diagnosis and treatment techniques in periodontal patients, use of products for correction of microbiota and local immunity are a current and a long-term task. Purpose is to optimize the comprehensive treatment protocol of inflammatory periodontal diseases by introducing probiotics and evaluation of oral microbiome and cytokine profile.Materials and methods. 140 patients were examined. Of these 60 patients had chronic generalized plaque-induced gingivitis and 60 patients suffered from moderate chronic generalized periodontitis. Bacterial and fungal microbiome was assessed and the host immune response was evaluated in all patients before and after the treatment. Half of the patients were treated conventionally and the other half were treated according to a modified scheme: probiotic “Bifidumbacterin Forte” was added.Results. A large number of yeast-like fungi Candida and commensal bacteria were detected in periodontal pockets of patients with chronic generalized plaque-induced gingivitis and moderate chronic generalized periodontitis. That correlates with a significant increase of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL—8), decrease of concentration of INF-γ and increase of antiinflammatory cytokine IL-4.Conclusion. Changes in clinical, microbiological and immunological values during a modified combination therapy with a probiotic and during a conventional treatment demonstrated that effectiveness of treatment of chronic gingivitis and chronic periodontitis increased by 40% and 37% respectively.

Evaluation of polymerase chain reaction and DNA isolation protocols for detection of genetically modified soybean

2007 ◽  
Vol 42 (10) ◽  
pp. 1249-1255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cibele dos Santos Ferrari ◽  
Luciana Lehmkuhl Valente ◽  
Fábio Cristiano Angonesi Brod ◽  
Caroline Tagliari ◽  
Ernani Sebastião Sant'Anna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Dna Isolation ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Genetically Modified Soybean ◽  
Polymerase Chain

DNA Isolation from Recalcitrant Materials Such as Tree Roots, Bark, and Forest Soil for the Detection of Fungal Pathogens by Polymerase Chain Reaction

1998 ◽  
Vol 262 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Günther Bahnweg ◽  
Steffen Schulze ◽  
Evelyn M. Möller ◽  
Hilkea Rosenbrock ◽  
Christian Langebartels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Forest Soil ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Dna Isolation ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Tree Roots ◽  
Polymerase Chain

scholarly journals Impact of Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction Testing for Respiratory Pathogen Detection in Pediatric Patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S503-S503
Author(s):  
Courtney C Sutton ◽  
Patti J Walton ◽  
Montgomery F Williams ◽  
Tracey L Bastian ◽  
Michael Wright ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Pathogen Detection ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Respiratory Pathogen ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Testing ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Prevalence of microorganisms associated with feline gingivostomatitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitoshi Nakanishi ◽  
Masaru Furuya ◽  
Takehisa Soma ◽  
Yoshiki Hayashiuchi ◽  
Ryusaku Yoshiuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Oral Microbiome ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Feline Herpesvirus ◽  
Positive Rate

Objectives Feline gingivostomatitis (FGS) is a painful chronic inflammatory disease of the oral cavity. The purpose of this study was to examine the frequency of detection of certain common feline bacteria and viruses to determine any potential associations with FGS. Methods A multicentre case-control study design was conducted. In total, 72 control cats and 32 cats with FGS were included in the study. Oral swabs were cultured for bacterial identification and a PCR assay was carried out to examine the infection of feline calicivirus (FCV), feline herpesvirus-1 (FHV-1), Chlamydia felis, Mycoplasma felis and Bordetella bronchiseptica. Results There was a significant difference in age distribution between the control and the FGS group. Based on a PCR assay, the positive rate of FCV was significantly higher in FGS cats than control animals. For other infectious pathogens, including FHV-1, C felis and M felis, there was no significant difference. Bacterial culture of oral swabs revealed that Pasteurella multocida was most frequently detected, but the detection rate was significantly lower in FGS cats. In FGS cats, the incidence of Enterococcus faecalis and anaerobic bacteria were more frequently isolated than in control cats. Conclusions and relevance This study indicates that the positive rate of FCV was significantly higher in cats with FGS, and the microflora of the oral cavity of cats with FGS might be disrupted, although additional studies are required to compare the oral microbiome in cats of a variety of ages.

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of Candida dubliniensis and Candida albicans in the oral cavity of drug abusers using duplex polymerase chain reaction

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Parastoo Hassani Abharian ◽  
Parvin Dehghan ◽  
Peyman Hassani Abharian ◽  
Sepideh Tolouei
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Candida Dubliniensis ◽  
Drug Abusers ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Duplex Polymerase Chain Reaction

  Background and Purpose: Candida dubliniensis is closely related to the most pathogenic and prevalent yeast, namely C. albicans. Candida species can opportunistically overgrow in vulnerable individuals and cause a variety of diseases. The current study aimed to identify and isolate C. dubliniensis species present in the Candida albicans species complex identified in the oral cavity of drug abusers. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on 53 strains of C. albicans species complex, isolated from the oral mucosa of drug abusers in Isfahan, Iran. DNA extraction was accomplished through boiling procedure. Duplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to amplify ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region using four specific primers. Fungal species were identified based on the difference in the size of the bands created in the Agarose gel. Results: Out of the 53 isolates under study, 30 (56.6%) and 14 (26.4%) samples were identified as C. albicans and C. dubliniensis, respectively. In the remaining 9 samples (17%), both types of Candida species were confirmed. Conclusion: The findings of the present study revealed the presence of a noticeable amount of C. dubliniensis in the oral cavity of drug abusers. Therefore, the probable presence of this fungus should be considered during the examination of oral infection among this group. To date, no research has directly investigated this issue in Iran.

scholarly journals Role of Oral Microbiome Signatures in Diagnosis and Prognosis of Oral Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 153303381986735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indranil Chattopadhyay ◽  
Mukesh Verma ◽  
Madhusmita Panda
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Genetic Alterations ◽  
Oral Microbiome ◽  
Oral Carcinogenesis ◽  
Early Diagnostic

Despite advancement in cancer treatment, oral cancer has a poor prognosis and is often detected at late stage. To overcome these challenges, investigators should search for early diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. More than 700 bacterial species reside in the oral cavity. The oral microbiome population varies by saliva and different habitats of oral cavity. Tobacco, alcohol, and betel nut, which are causative factors of oral cancer, may alter the oral microbiome composition. Both pathogenic and commensal strains of bacteria have significantly contributed to oral cancer. Numerous bacterial species in the oral cavity are involved in chronic inflammation that lead to development of oral carcinogenesis. Bacterial products and its metabolic by-products may induce permanent genetic alterations in epithelial cells of the host that drive proliferation and/or survival of epithelial cells. Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum induce production of inflammatory cytokines, cell proliferation, and inhibition of apoptosis, cellular invasion, and migration thorough host cell genomic alterations. Recent advancement in metagenomic technologies may be useful in identifying oral cancer–related microbiome, their genomes, virulence properties, and their interaction with host immunity. It is very important to address which bacterial species is responsible for driving oral carcinogenesis. Alteration in the oral commensal microbial communities have potential application as a diagnostic tool to predict oral squamous cell carcinoma. Clinicians should be aware that the protective properties of the resident microflora are beneficial to define treatment strategies. To develop highly precise and effective therapeutic approaches, identification of specific oral microbiomes may be required. In this review, we narrate the role of microbiome in the progression of oral cancer and its role as an early diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for oral cancer.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of Plasmid-Mediated Non-O157 Verotoxigenic Escherichia coli Isolated from Infants and Children with Diarrhea

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 0710
Author(s):  
Md Fazlul Karim Khan ◽  
Shah Samiur Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Plasmid Curing ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Disk Diffusion Assay ◽  
Microbiological Techniques ◽  
Polymerase Chain

A significant increase in the incidence of non-O157 verotoxigenic Escherichia coli (VTEC) infections have become a serious health issues, and this situation is worsening due to the dissemination of plasmid mediated multidrug-resistant microorganisms worldwide. This study aims to investigate the presence of plasmid-mediated verotoxin gene in non-O157 E. coli. Standard microbiological techniques identified a total of 137 E. coli isolates. The plasmid was detected by Perfectprep Plasmid Mini preparation kit. These isolates were subjected to disk diffusion assay, and plasmid curing with ethidium bromide treatment. The plasmid containing isolates were subjected to a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for investigating the presence of plasmid mediated verotoxin gene (VT1 and VT2) in non-O157 E. coli. Among the 137 E. coli isolates, 49 isolates were non-O157 E. coli while 29 (59.1%) isolates were verotoxin producing non-O157 serotypes and 26 non-O157 VTEC isolates possessed plasmids. Certain isolates harboured single sized plasmid while others had multiple plasmids with different size varied from 1.8kb to 7.6kb. A plasmid containing all (100%) the isolates was multidrug-resistant. Eight isolates changed their susceptibility patterns while three isolates were found to lose plasmid after post plasmid curing treatment and the rest of the isolates (15) remained constant. Different PCR sets characterized 3 plasmid-mediated verotoxins producing non-O157 E. coli. This current study demonstrated the occurrence of plasmid mediated verotoxin gene in non-O157 E. coli. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report in the global literature on plasmid-mediated verotoxin gene in non-O157 E. coli. Timely diagnosis and surveillance of VTEC infections should prioritize to stop or slow down the virulence gene for dissemination by plasmid-mediated gene transfer amongst the same bacteria or other species.

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