scholarly journals GIS-based Assessment of Morphological and Hydrological Parameters of Ribeira dos Socorridos and Ribeira do Vigario Basins, Madeira Island, Portugal

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 408-426
Author(s):  
Sergio Lousada ◽  
Rui Alexandre Castanho
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Drainage Basins ◽  
Hydrographic Basin ◽  
Madeira Island ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Terrain Models ◽  
System Components ◽  
Hydraulic Infrastructure

The main objective is to identify hydraulic and hydrologic features of drainage basins of Ribeira dos Socorridos, and Ribeira do Vigário located in Madeira Island, (Câmara de Lobos).So, the research analyzed, theoretically, the sediment transport in the above-mentioned cases, and consequently, possible measures for torrential correction were studied. Thereby, hydrographic, geological, and hydrological features of this Archipelago were analyzed in the first phase. Thus, a geographic framing of drainage basins was made - using digital terrain models and deep characterization of the understudy drainage basins. In this regard, it was possible to obtain data regarding the geometric, relief, and drainage system components, using the Geographic Information Systems (GIS).In fact, the use of GIS makes it possible to characterize all descriptive indices/parameters of a hydrographic basin. These indices/parameters linked to the region's climate explain the need for human intervention to construct river hydraulic infrastructure and implement mitigation measures.Moreover, torrential correction techniques were presented to anticipate and mitigate this typology of events. Contextually, this study provides us several goals to consider in the future, including the most relevant actions and guidelines to enhance the characterization of drainage basins and clarify the characterization and accounting of sediment transport.

scholarly journals Digital Terrain Characterization of Nilona Micro Watershed of Darwha Block of Maharastra

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-50
Author(s):  
R. Rakesh ◽  
Ashay D Souza ◽  
Sudipta Chattaraj
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Description ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Terrain Analysis ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Terrain Attributes ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Grid Points

Watershed characterization is the first step in the sustainable management of    watershed resources. Morphometric analysis of a watershed using Digital Elevation Model (DEM) provides a quantitative description of the drainage system which is an important aspect   of the characterization of watersheds. The study was conducted in Nilona micro-watershed covering an area of 1297.35 ha in Darwha tehsil of Yavatmal district, Maharashtra. The terrain attributes and drainage configuration were derived from the Cartosat-1 data, 10m resolution Digital Terrain Model (DTM) using ArcGIS. Surface soil samples of 118 locations were collected from grid points located at regular interval of 325 m. The digital terrain analysis  showed that slope varies from 0 to 45.9 percent, with a mean value of 4.5%. Most of the area of Nilona micro-watershed was classified as gentle sloping. Profile curvature   varies from -5.1 to 4.6 m m-1, respectively indicating the coexistence of erosive as well  as depositional landforms. Overall, the study documents the utility of   site-specific modeling and geo-statistical interpolation based predictive mapping for watershed planning.

scholarly journals Improved methodology for processing raw LiDAR data to support urban flood modelling – accounting for elevated roads and bridges

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F. Abdullah ◽  
Z. Vojinovic ◽  
R. K. Price ◽  
N. A. A. Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Real Life ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Flood Modelling ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Terrain Models ◽  
Real Life Data ◽  
Elevated Road ◽  
Urban Flood Modelling

Digital Terrain Models (DTMs) represent an essential source of information that can allow the behaviour of the urban floodplain, and its interactions with the drainage system, to be examined, understood and predicted. Typically, such data are obtained via Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR). If a DTM does not contain adequate representation of urban features the results from the modelling efforts can be. This is due to the fact that urban environments contain variety of features, which can have functions of storing and/or diverting flows during flood events. The work described in this paper concerns further improvements of a LiDAR filtering algorithm which was discussed in a previous work. The key characteristics of this improved algorithm are: ability to deal with buildings, detect elevated road and represent them accordance to reality and deal with bridges and riverbanks. The algorithm was tested using a real-life data from a case study of Kuala Lumpur. The results have shown that the newly developed MPMA2 algorithm has better capabilities of identifying some of the features that are vital for urban flood modelling applications than any of the currently available algorithms and it leads to better agreement between simulated and observed flood depths and flood extents.

scholarly journals EXTRACTING ACCURATE AND PRECISE TOPOGRAPHY FROM LROC NARROW ANGLE CAMERA STEREO OBSERVATIONS

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B4 ◽  
pp. 397-403
Author(s):  
M. R. Henriksen ◽  
M. R. Manheim ◽  
E. J. Speyerer ◽  
M. S. Robinson ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Digital Terrain Models ◽  
Laser Altimeter ◽  
Narrow Angle ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Terrain Models ◽  
Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter ◽  
Geomorphic Features ◽  
Invaluable Tool ◽  
Pixel Scale

The Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera (LROC) includes two identical Narrow Angle Cameras (NAC) that acquire meter scale imaging. Stereo observations are acquired by imaging from two or more orbits, including at least one off-nadir slew. Digital terrain models (DTMs) generated from the stereo observations are controlled to Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter (LOLA) elevation profiles. With current processing methods, digital terrain models (DTM) have absolute accuracies commensurate than the uncertainties of the LOLA profiles (~10 m horizontally and ~1 m vertically) and relative horizontal and vertical precisions better than the pixel scale of the DTMs (2 to 5 m). The NAC stereo pairs and derived DTMs represent an invaluable tool for science and exploration purposes. We computed slope statistics from 81 highland and 31 mare DTMs across a range of baselines. Overlapping DTMs of single stereo sets were also combined to form larger area DTM mosaics, enabling detailed characterization of large geomorphic features and providing a key resource for future exploration planning. Currently, two percent of the lunar surface is imaged in NAC stereo and continued acquisition of stereo observations will serve to strengthen our knowledge of the Moon and geologic processes that occur on all the terrestrial planets.

scholarly journals EXTRACTING ACCURATE AND PRECISE TOPOGRAPHY FROM LROC NARROW ANGLE CAMERA STEREO OBSERVATIONS

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B4 ◽  
pp. 397-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Henriksen ◽  
M. R. Manheim ◽  
E. J. Speyerer ◽  
M. S. Robinson ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Digital Terrain Models ◽  
Laser Altimeter ◽  
Narrow Angle ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Terrain Models ◽  
Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter ◽  
Geomorphic Features ◽  
Invaluable Tool ◽  
Pixel Scale

The Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera (LROC) includes two identical Narrow Angle Cameras (NAC) that acquire meter scale imaging. Stereo observations are acquired by imaging from two or more orbits, including at least one off-nadir slew. Digital terrain models (DTMs) generated from the stereo observations are controlled to Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter (LOLA) elevation profiles. With current processing methods, digital terrain models (DTM) have absolute accuracies commensurate than the uncertainties of the LOLA profiles (~10 m horizontally and ~1 m vertically) and relative horizontal and vertical precisions better than the pixel scale of the DTMs (2 to 5 m). The NAC stereo pairs and derived DTMs represent an invaluable tool for science and exploration purposes. We computed slope statistics from 81 highland and 31 mare DTMs across a range of baselines. Overlapping DTMs of single stereo sets were also combined to form larger area DTM mosaics, enabling detailed characterization of large geomorphic features and providing a key resource for future exploration planning. Currently, two percent of the lunar surface is imaged in NAC stereo and continued acquisition of stereo observations will serve to strengthen our knowledge of the Moon and geologic processes that occur on all the terrestrial planets.

scholarly journals Análise Ambiental da Bacia de Drenagem do Açude Mucutú/PB Utilizando Sensoriamento Remoto

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1017
Author(s):  
José Antônio Vilar Pereira ◽  
Janaína Barbosa Da Silva ◽  
Simone Mirtes Araújo Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Drainage Basins ◽  
Landsat Images ◽  
Hydrographic Basin ◽  
Basin Area ◽  
Artificial Reservoirs ◽  
Over Time

O Brasil tem abundancia em recursos hídricos, mas a distribuição desses recursos é irregular. Na região Nordeste a situação se agrava em decorrência dos longos períodos de estiagem. No entanto, as consequências desse fenômeno podem ser minimizadas com a utilização de tecnologias adequadas, como a construção dos reservatórios artificiais. Apesar da importância desses reservatórios, ao longo do tempo eles vêm sofrendo com o processo de poluição das suas bacias de drenagem e ocupação desordenada de suas margens. Esse trabalho objetivou determinar as características fisiográficas da bacia do açude Mucutú; analisar o uso e ocupação da terra no espaço-tempo de 10 anos; e delimitar a Área de Preservação Permanente (APP) desse reservatório. A delimitação e caracterização da bacia foi obtida através de imagens SRTM e a análise temporal do uso e ocupação da terra foi realizada através da interpretação de imagens Landsat do dia 07/03/2005 e 25/07/2015, a imagem mais recente também foi utilizada para fazer a delimitação da APP do reservatório. Identificou-se que as altitudes da bacia variam de 519m a 841m e a declividade encontrada ficou entre 0% a 46%. Constatou-se que para 2005, 77,88% do território da Bacia estava recoberto por algum tipo de vegetação, enquanto que para 2015 esse valor diminuiu para 68,52%, e a classe Solo Exposto/Área Urbana que em 2005 representava 80,38km² passou a ocupar 126,51km² da área total da bacia em 2015. Identificou-se que a APP ocupa uma área de 4,55km² com a presença de atividades antrópicas conflitantes com a legislação brasileira vigente. Environmental analysis of the Mucutú/PB weir drainage basin using remote sensing A B S T R A C TBrazil has abundance of water resources, but the distribution of those resources is irregular. In the Northeast, the situation worsens due to the long periods of drought. However, the consequences of this phenomenon can be minimized with the use of suitable technologies, such as the construction of artificial reservoirs. Despite the importance of these reservoirs, over time they have been suffering with the process of pollution of their drainage basins and disordered occupation of their margins. This study aimed to determine the physiographic characteristics of the Mucutu basin; to analyze the use and occupation of the land inside a space-time of 10 years; and delimit the Area of Permanent Preservation (APP) of this reservoir. The delimitation and characterization of the basin was obtained through SRTM images and the temporal analysis of land use and occupation was performed through the interpretation of Landsat images of07/03/2005and25/07/2015, the most recent image was also used to delimit the APP from the reservoir. It was identified that the altitudes of the basin vary from 519m to 841m and the slope found was between 0% to 46%. It was verified that for 2005, 77,88% of the Basin territory was covered by some type of vegetation, while for 2015 this value decreased to 68,52%, and the Exposed Soil/Urban Area class, that in 2005 represented 80,38 km², occupied 126,51 km² of the total area of the basin in 2015. It was identified that the APP occupies an area of 4,55 km² with the presence of anthropic activities conflicting with the current Brazilian legislation.Keywords: Caatinga; Hydrographic basin; Area Permanent Preservation; Hypsometry; Slope.

Physical and Conservational Diagnoses of the Hydrographic Micro-Bacy of Rio Farinha

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Albergma Estevão De Queiroz Magalhães Cavalcante ◽  
Izaque Francisco Candeia De Mendonça ◽  
Joedla Rodrigues De Lima ◽  
Felipe Silva de Medeiros ◽  
Roberta Patrícia de Sousa Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Environment ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Vector Data ◽  
Environmental System ◽  
Hydrographic Basin ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
West Region

Introduction: The process of degradation of the environmental system of the Farinha river basin is due to soil inadequacy and natural factors. Aims: The present work had as objective to evaluate the degree of deterioration of the environmental system of the hydrographic basin of the river Farinha the geo - referenced information are related to the physical characterization of the micro-basin based on the physical conservationist diagnosis of the Geographic Information Systems - GIS. Methodology: The hydrographic basin of the Farinha River, located in the Center-West region of Paraíba, includes an area of 8.0915,8 ha. Images of the Landsat 8 satellite, OLI sensor in bands 3, 4 and 5 were applied, are classified as a visual and supervised process. With this, the software QGIS 2.18.17 generated vector data and the IDRISI Selva V.17, was used as a means to process the raster data. Under these conditions, the Digital Terrain Model (DTM) of the SRTM project was included for plans related to the polygonal delimitation of the micro-basin, characterizing a drainage network, compartmentalization and mean slope. Results: The natural vegetation of the Caatinga presents as open tree shrub and closed arboreal, with the predominance of open vegetation, representing 48037 ha (59.4%). Concerning conflict analysis for land use, it was observed that compartment 1 was the only one that did not present such events. Compartment 2 resulted in a higher percentage of conflicts with 24.1%, however, areas with 4.2% have agricultural divergences, the 19.9% are due to livestock and mining activities. In relation to compartment 3 the area 6.3% is used for agriculture. Conclusion: The physical-conservationist diagnosis of the micro-basin of the river Farinha presents an incorrect management, for this, a suitable study must be done to reduce the degradation of the area. Consequently, public policies are designed to interconnect communities living in these areas with their physical environment in a sustainable way.

scholarly journals Lidar-Based Morphometry of Conical Hills in Temperate Karst Areas in Slovenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 2668
Author(s):  
Tamás Telbisz
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Distribution ◽  
Inverse Gaussian ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Terrain Models ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Karst Areas ◽  
Hill Area ◽  
The Hill ◽  
Comprehensive Study

Conical hills, or residual hills, are frequently mentioned landforms in the context of humid tropical karsts as they are dominant surface elements there. Residual hills are also present in temperate karsts, but generally in a less remarkable way. These landforms have not been thoroughly addressed in the literature to date, therefore the present article is the first attempt to morphometrically characterize temperate zone residual karst hills. We use the methods already developed for doline morphometry, and we apply them to the “inverse” topography using LiDAR-based digital terrain models (DTMs) of three Slovenian sample areas. The characteristics of hills and depressions are analysed in parallel, taking into account the rank of the forms. A common feature of hills and dolines is that, for both types, the empirical distribution of planform areas has a strongly positive skew. After logarithmic transformation, these distributions can be approximated by Inverse Gaussian, Normal, and Weibull distributions. Along with the rank, the planform area and vertical extent of the hills and dolines increase similarly. High circularity is characteristic only of the first-rank forms for both dolines and hills. For the sample areas, the the hill area ratios and the doline area ratios have similar values, but the total extent of the hills is slightly larger in each case. A difference between dolines and hills is that the shapes of hills are more similar to one another than those of dolines. The reason for this is that the larger, closed depressions are created by lateral coalescence, while the hills are residual forms carved from large blocks. Another significant difference is that the density of dolines is much higher than that of hills. This article is intended as a methodological starting point for a new topic, aiming at the comprehensive study of residual karst hills across different climatic areas.

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