scholarly journals Phytoremediation of Heavy Metals From Mixed Domestic Sewage Through Vertical- Flow Constructed Wetland Planted with Canna Indica and Acorus Calamus

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 430-440
Author(s):  
Mahesh Prasad Barya ◽  
Deepak Gupta ◽  
Reetika Shukla ◽  
Tarun Kumar Thakur ◽  
Virendra Kumar Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Acorus Calamus ◽  
Vertical Flow ◽  
Canna Indica ◽  
Treated Sewage ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Vertical Flow Constructed Wetland

The removal of contaminants from sewage wastewater through constructed wetlands is becoming increasingly popular worldwide. Constructed wetland (CW) is a man-made structure for wastewater treatment that uses natural processes associated with wetland vegetation, soils, and their associated microbial combinations. This study investigated the performance of experimental vertical flow constructed wetland (VFCW) cells to remove heavy metals (HMs) from primary treated sewage. The primary treated sewage was collected from the sewage treatment plant (STP) in the campus of Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak, India. Sewage wastewater samples were collected from all cells of the experimental VFCW and analyzed for four heavy metals (Zn, Fe, Cu, and Cr). The plant species results show that the removal efficiency of the Canna indica L. for Zn, Fe, Cu, and Cr was 95%, 92%, 96%, and 93 % and Acorus calamus L.were 89 %, 80 %, 91 %, and 47 % respectively. These macrophytes with the substrate (gravel and sand) have presented a wide range of tolerance to all the selected metals and therefore can be used for field-scale constructed wetland removal of heavy metals from sewage wastewater.

Removal of nutrients from wastewater with Canna indica L. under different vertical-flow constructed wetland conditions

2010 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
pp. 1083-1088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lihua Cui ◽  
Ying Ouyang ◽  
Qian Lou ◽  
Fengle Yang ◽  
Ying Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Vertical Flow ◽  
Canna Indica ◽  
Vertical Flow Constructed Wetland

French vertical-flow constructed wetland design: adaptations for tropical climates

2015 ◽  
Vol 71 (10) ◽  
pp. 1516-1523 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Molle ◽  
R. Lombard Latune ◽  
C. Riegel ◽  
G. Lacombe ◽  
D. Esser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Tropical Climate ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Vertical Flow ◽  
National Quality ◽  
Vertical Flow Constructed Wetland ◽  
Different Seasons

The French Outermost Regions are under tropical climate yet still have to comply with both French and EU regulations. French vertical-flow constructed wetland systems appear well adapted to the technical specifics of these regions but their adaptation to tropical climate requires new design guidelines to be defined (area needed, number of filters, type of plants, material to be used, etc.). A study was started in 2008, with backing from the national water authorities, to implement full-scale experimental sites and assess the impacts of local context on design and performances. This paper reports the monitoring results on three vertical-flow constructed wetlands fed directly with raw wastewater (known as the ‘French system’) in Mayotte and French Guiana. The plants, now in operation for between 1 and 6 years, range from 160 to 480 population equivalent (p.e.). Monitoring consisted of 28 daily composite flow samples in different seasons (dry season, rainy season) at the inlet and outlet of each filter. Performances are benchmarked against French mainland area standards from Irstea's database. Results show that performances are improved by warmer temperature for chemical oxygen demand (COD), suspended solids (SS) and total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) and satisfy national quality objectives with a single stage of filters. Treatment plant footprint can thus be reduced as only two parallel filters are needed. Indeed, warm temperatures allow faster mineralization of the sludge deposit, making it possible to operate at similar rest and feeding period durations. Systems operated using one twin-filter stage can achieve over 90% COD, SS and TKN removal for a total surface of 0.8 m²/p.e.

scholarly journals Unsteady state series CSTR modeling of removal of ammonia nitrogen from domestic wastewater treated in a vertical flow constructed wetland

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 868
Author(s):  
Alejandro Rincón ◽  
Gloria Yaneth Florez ◽  
Fredy E. Hoyos Velasco
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Rate Coefficients ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Vertical Flow ◽  
Unsteady State ◽  
Vertical Flow Constructed Wetland

This work shows simulation results for subsurface vertical flow constructed wetland (VFCW) using a series CSTR model. The VFCW considered received the outflow from a domestic wastewater treatment plant. In addition, it was planted with Cyperus sp. and filter media was unsaturated. The model was based on an unsteady state mass balance for ammonia, nitrites, and nitrates, using one to three series CSTRs. Nitrogen transformation mechanisms considered were ammonification, nitrification, plant uptake and denitrification. The following effects were evaluated: the number of reacting CSTRs from one to three; the occurrence of the reaction in second and third CSTRs for the case that three CSTRs hold; the use of either equal or different values of reaction rate parameters between CSTRs; and the discretization of the reaction rate parameters. The inflow and outflow measurements of ammonium, nitrites, and nitrates were used for model calibration. The estimated parameters included the reaction rate coefficients and reactor water volume. The coefficient of determination (R2) evidenced a satisfactory capability of simulating outlet pollutant concentrations. Two and three reacting CSTRs achieved similar R2 value (0.54-0.55), whereas one reacting CSTR achieved an R2 of 0.39, and three CSTRs with reaction only in the first tank achieved an R2 of 0.42. Discretization of the nitrification rate for the case of two reacting CSTRs led to an R2 of 0.94. The parameter sensitivity analysis revealed a significant effect of model parameters on the R2 value.

Changes of microbial indices of water quality in the Vistula and Brda rivers as a result of sewage treatment plant operation

2008 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Walczak
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plants ◽  
Plant Operation ◽  
Treated Sewage ◽  
Microbiological Parameters ◽  
Microbial Indices

Changes of microbial indices of water quality in the Vistula and Brda rivers as a result of sewage treatment plant operationThis paper reports the results of studies of microbiological changes in the water quality of the Vistula and Brda rivers after the opening of sewage treatment plants in Bydgoszcz. The study involved determining the microbiological parameters of water quality. Based on the results obtained, it was found that the quality of the water in both rivers had improved decidedly after the opening of the plants, although an increased number of individual groups of microorganisms was found at the treated sewage outlet from one of the plants.

Effect of Wastewater on the Soil and Irrigation Process: A Laboratory Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athar Hussain ◽  
Manjeeta Priyadarshi ◽  
Saif Said ◽  
Suraj Negi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Surface Water Resources ◽  
Industrial Sewage ◽  
Concentration Levels

Most of the industrial sewage effluents used for irrigation contains heavy metals which cause toxicity to crop plants as the soils are able to accumulate heavy metal for many years. The vegetables grown for the present study were irrigated with treated wastewater brought from a nearby full-scale sewage treatment plant at different compositions along with tap water as a control. The concentration levels of the Cd, Co, Cu, Mn and Zn in the soil were found to below the toxic limits as prescribed in literature. Daily Intake Metals (DIM) values suggest that the consumption of plants grown in treated wastewater and tap water is nearly free of risks, as the dietary intake limits of Cu, Fe, Zn and Mn. The Enrichment Factor for the treated wastewater irrigated soil was found in order Zn> Ni> Pb> Cr> Cu> Co> Mn> Cd. Thus, treated wastewater can be effectively used for irrigation. This will have twofold significant environmental advantages: (1) helpful to reduce the groundwater usage for irrigation and (2) helpful to reduce the stress on surface water resources.

Conditioning of oily sludges with municipal solid wastes incinerator fly ash

1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 231-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tay Joo Hwa ◽  
S. Jeyaseelan
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Specific Resistance ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Municipal Solid Wastes ◽  
Capillary Suction ◽  
Optimum Dosage

Conditioning of sludges improves dewatering characteristics and reduces the quantity of sludge to be handled. Anaerobic digested sludge collected from a sewage treatment plant contained 1.8% to 8% oil. The increase of specific resistance and capillary suction time (CST) with increasing oil content observed in these samples indicates the interference of oil in dewatering. It has been found that addition of municipal solid wastes incinerator fly ash decreases the specific resistances and capillary suction times of oily sludges rapidly up to 3% dosage. Beyond 3% fly ash, the decrease is less significant and the solids content in the sludge cake increases. This optimum dosage remains the same for sludges with varying oil contents from 1.8% to 12%. The total suspended solids of filtrate decreases with fly ash dosage but the toxic concentrations of heavy metals increases considerably. However at the optimum dosage of 3%, concentrations of heavy metals are within the limits for discharging into the sewers. The correlations of CST with the dewatering characteristics such as specific resistance, filter yield and corrected filter yield are established. These correlations can be used to obtain a quick prediction on dewaterability.

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