scholarly journals An Overview of Use of Linz-Donawitz (LD) Steel Slag in Agriculture

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 975-984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sasmita Chand ◽  
Biswajit Paul ◽  
Manish Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Steel Slag ◽  
Basic Oxygen Furnace ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Basic Oxygen ◽  
Prime Concern ◽  
Ld Slag ◽  
Soil Conditioners ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Disposal Problem

Slag generated from basic oxygen furnace (BOF) or Linz-Donawitz (LD) converter is one of the recyclable wastes in integrated steel plants. This paper deals with the present and possible use of LD slag in agriculture. At present, the amount of slag deposited in storage yard, leading to the occupation of farm land and serious pollution to the environment. Improving the slag utilization is an important way to resolve these problems. The physical and chemical characteristics of steel slag were analyzed and then the research progress of steel slag utilization in agriculture as fertilizer introduced. Due to increasing awareness of the environment, disposal, reuse of wastes without harming the environment has became a prime concern for the industry. The local availability of non conventional sources of plant nutrients and soil conditioners plays a vital role because of the non availability and higher price of environmental fertilizers. Therefore, this waste can be utilized for enhancing yield as well as solving the disposal problem and improve the environment.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Long-term Skid Resistance of Asphalt Mixture with Multi-content Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) Steel Slag Using the Circular Vehicle Simulator (CVS)

2021 ◽  
Vol 248 ◽  
pp. 01044
Author(s):  
Liqun Hu ◽  
Shouke Wang ◽  
Qiang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Steel Slag ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Basic Oxygen Furnace ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Driving Safety ◽  
Basic Oxygen ◽  
The Road ◽  
Vehicle Simulator ◽  
On The Road

Long-term anti-skid performance plays a vital role on the road life cycle and driving safety. Therefore, the CVS was proposed, which can perform full-size polishing on the rutting slabs. The CVS system was used to simulate the long-term anti-skid attenuation law of five kinds of asphalt mixture with different BOF steel slag contents, and the influence of different BOF steel slag contents on the road anti-skid performance was comprehensively analyzed by using pendulum friction value. With the increase of BOF steel slag volume, the long-term anti-skid performance of asphalt mixture increases first and then decreases. Especially, the asphalt mixture with 50% BOF steel slag content has the best long-term anti-skid performance.

scholarly journals Growth, Stratification, and Liberation of Phosphorus-Rich C2S in Modified BOF Steel Slag

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Rao ◽  
Yuanchi Dong ◽  
Mancheng Gui ◽  
Yaohui Zhang ◽  
Xingmei Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Basic Oxygen Furnace ◽  
Holding Time ◽  
Basic Oxygen ◽  
Free Particles ◽  
Bof Slag ◽  
Grinding Time

Basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag was modified by adding 3.5% SiO2 and holding at 1673 K for 0, 5, 40, 90, 240, or 360 min. Kilo-scale modification was also carried out. The growth, stratification, and liberation of P-rich C2S in the modified slag were investigated. The optimum holding time was 240 min, and 90% of C2S grains were above 30 μm in size. The phosphorus content increased with holding time, and after modification, the phosphorus content in C2S was nearly three times higher than that in the original slag (2.23%). Obvious stratification of C2S was observed in the kilo-scale modification. Upper C2S particles with a relatively larger size of 20–110 μm was independent of RO (FeO-MgO-MnO solid solution) and spinel, which is favorable for liberation. Lower C2S was less than 3 μm and was embedded in spinel, which is not conducive to liberation. The content of phosphorus in upper C2S (6.60%) was about twice that of the lower (3.80%). After grinding, most of the upper C2S existed as free particles and as locked particles in the lower. The liberation degree of C2S in the upper increased with grinding time, from 86.02% to 95.92% in the range of 30–300 s, and the optimum grinding time was 180 s. For the lower slag grinding for 300 s, the liberation degree of C2S was 40.07%.

Application of enhanced gravity technique for separation of iron phase from LD slag

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (3) ◽  
pp. 303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilip Makhija ◽  
Rajenda Kumar Rath ◽  
Asim Kumar Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Metallic Iron ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Dicalcium Silicate ◽  
Calcium Ferrite ◽  
Mineral Phases ◽  
Phosphate Mineral ◽  
Ld Slag ◽  
Oxygen Process ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The basic oxygen process of steel making produces steel slag at a rate of about 120 kg/t. The steel slag also known as LD slag contains metallic iron and other mineral phases. The metallic iron is recovered through magnetic separation while the non-metallic is rejected because of its poor physical and chemical properties. Qualitative mineralogical analysis and XRD studies indicated that major mineral phases are dicalcium silicate and calcium ferrite. While both these phases are useful for recycling in iron making process the presence of phosphorus is a deterrent for its use in the iron making process. The electron probe micro analysis revealed that phosphorus is mostly associated with dicalcium silicate phase in the form of calcium phosphate. The phosphorus was present in negligible amounts in iron bearing phases i.e. calcium ferrite and wustite. The liberation size of phosphate mineral was in the range of 30–50 microns. The physical separation of phosphorus was attempted by grinding the LD slag to different sizes and then subjecting to centrifugal jigging. The centrifugal jigging was carried out at 0.5 mm, 0.25 mm and 0.1 mm size. The products of centrifugal jigging were characterised and it was observed that maximum recovery with acceptable grade of product was obtained at 0.5 mm grind size. The product obtained at this size analyzed 0.79% P and 34% Fe.

scholarly journals Research Progress on Skid Resistance of Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) Slag Asphalt Mixtures

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2169
Author(s):  
Song Li ◽  
Rui Xiong ◽  
Jiahui Zhai ◽  
Kaiyin Zhang ◽  
Wenyu Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Basic Oxygen Furnace ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Skid Resistance ◽  
Basic Oxygen ◽  
Bof Slag

In order to ensure the safety of traffic, asphalt pavement is commonly required to utilize aggregates with excellent anti-abrasion property. This results in the lack of high-quality aggregates. The incorporation of solid waste in the aggregates is regarded as a high potential alternative for solving this problem. Since its material properties, such as rough surface, high Polished Stone Value (PSV) and the excellent adhesion property of asphalt, Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) slag can effectively improve the skid resistance of asphalt mixtures. First, the material properties of BOF slag are reviewed in this study. Then, the skid resistance of asphalt mixtures and aggregates are commendably evaluated by the Polished Stone Value test, Wehner/Schulze Tester, Aachen Polishing Machine, British Pendulum Test and Sand Patch test. The physical and mechanical properties of BOF slag play a key role in asphalt mixtures. This review found that the skid resistance mechanism of the BOF slag asphalt mixture is governed by factors such as BOF slag properties, incorporation methods and gradation types. Finally, the economic and environmental benefits of BOF slag asphalt mixtures were discussed. In addition, the function of gas catalysis and the melting of ice and snow can be added to the BOF slag asphalt mixture for a cleaner development in engineering. Furthermore, the existing problems, research directions and corresponding measures in this field are directed towards more durable and functional asphalt pavement construction.

scholarly journals Fluid Permeability of Ground Steel Slag-Blended Composites Evaluated by Pore Structure

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Jin Yang ◽  
Jian Jiang ◽  
Ying Su ◽  
Xingyang He ◽  
Yingbin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pore Structure ◽  
Pore Radius ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Basic Oxygen Furnace ◽  
Throat Radius ◽  
Basic Oxygen ◽  
Fluid Permeability ◽  
Gel Porosity ◽  
Basic Oxygen Furnace Slag ◽  
Furnace Slag

The resource utilization of steel slag has attracted wide attention. In the present work, the pore structure of cement paste with and without ground basic oxygen furnace slag (BOFS) up to 180 days was investigated by mercury intrusion porosimetry. Permeability was evaluated from the tested pore structure. Results indicate that the porosity, critical pore radius, pore-throat radius, and permeability are increased with the BOFS content and levels off after 28 days. Lower gel porosity and higher coarse capillary porosity were observed in BOFS-blended composites. The calculated permeability (around 0.30–7.49 × 10−19 m2) based on the pore structure agrees well with the range of reported experimental measurements. Well-correlated linear and power-law relationship was noticed between permeability and porosity and characteristic pore radius, respectively.

Influence of Pretreatment on the Free CaO in Steel Slag

2017 ◽  
Vol 904 ◽  
pp. 162-166
Author(s):  
Long Hua Wei ◽  
Xian Jin Qi ◽  
Xing Zhu ◽  
Hua Wang ◽  
Bin Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steel Slag ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Cooking Temperature ◽  
Large Production ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Free Cao ◽  
Physical And Chemical

An experimental program was carried out to investigate how to improve the characteristics of steel slag. Mainly the pretreatment methods of cooking and autoclave were used to detect such as free CaO content in the steel slag. The physical and chemical characteristics of steel slag were measured by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and fluorescence (XRF) analysis. The aim of improving the slag utilization is an important way to resolve large production problem, and then the research progress of steel slag utilization at home and abroad are recycled as raw material to be applied. By means of those ways to manage steel slag we have received the following conclusions: With the increase of cooking temperature the content of free CaO is gradually reduced. When temperature higher than 90oC the means could greatly reduce the free CaO content from about 7% wt. to less than 2.5% wt. in 3 h. By means of autoclave pressure upto 1.5MPa could greatly reduce the free CaO content from about 7% wt. to less than 3.2% wt. in 3 h. Through the study of the relevant of steel slag after pretreatment can effectively reduce the free CaO content in the steel slag, improving the stability of the steel slag is advantageous to the seven used in the construction field.

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