scholarly journals Effects of Soil and Soil-Less Culture on Morphology, Physiology and Biochemical Studies of Vegetable Plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-188
Author(s):  
Sangeeta Sankhalkar ◽  
Richa Komarpant ◽  
Tanvi Raut Dessai ◽  
Jennis Simoes ◽  
Sunita Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Slight Variation ◽  
Growth Physiology ◽  
Root Shoot Ratio ◽  
Biochemical Studies ◽  
Relative Water

Agriculture has been on the forefront of every country’s economy. In the recent years hydroponic has emerged as a new technology to grow plants. It requires less space, adds greenery around, easy to be practiced indoors and on open spaces. Although hydroponic is now being practiced with total success, not many studies are done on the physiology and biochemistry of the plant grown. The present work was planned with an objective to undertake physiological and biochemical studies such as relative water content (RWC), root shoot ratio, chlorophyll content, sugars and protein in vegetable plants (pea, okra and moong) grown with soil and soil-less cultures (hydroponics). Our results showed higher root ratio in plants grown in hydroponics than in the soil. A slight variation in relative water content (RWC) was observed. Chlorophyll content was found to be higher in okra and moong plants grown in soilless culture. Total Sugar and protein content in soil grown okara & moong seedlings were slightly higher in comparison to those grown hydroponically indicating that soil is best medium for plant growth. Physiology of hydroponically grown plants requires more research work as it is an alternative technology to grow plants in lands where soils are non fertile or where space or agriculture is a constrain.

scholarly journals Effect of cold stress on boro rice seedlings

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1036-1041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyanka Kumari ◽  
H. K. Jaiswal
Keyword(s):  
Cold Stress ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Membrane Stability ◽  
Membrane Stability Index ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Cold Tolerant ◽  
Boro Rice

Cold stress at seedling stage is a major constraint in boro rice production. Nine boro rice lines were crossed in diallel fashion excluding reciprocals to obtain 36 crosses. All the 36 crosses along with parents were grown in nursery in three seasons (boro-2014, kharif-2015 and boro-2015). Performance of seedlings for survival per cent, chlorophyll content, relative water content, membrane stability index was recorded just before transplanting in all the three seasons. Scoring for cold tolerance was done in both boro seasons. Gautam showed highest survival rate over three seasons. Among crosses, IR 64 x Krishna Hamsa showed highest survival (84%) in boro-2014, MTU 1010 x Jaya (86.33%) in boro-2015 and MTU 1010 x Krishna Hamsa (95.67%) in kharif-2015. Jaya x Krishna Hamsa was most cold tolerant cross over both boro seasons. Significant positive correlation was observed among survival per cent, chlorophyll content, relative water content and membrane stability index over seasons.

scholarly journals Character association studies in Bread wheat genotypes for early heat tolerance and grain micronutrient content

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1&2) ◽  
pp. 111-125
Author(s):  
Rabiya Parveen ◽  
Satish Kumar Singh ◽  
Mithilesh Kumar Singh ◽  
Mainak Barman
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Grain Zinc ◽  
Relative Water

Thirty bread wheat genotypes were tested by adopting Randomized Block Design with three replications during 2019-20, under two different environments, i.e. early and timely sown conditions. The ultimate goal was to determine the relationship between yield and yield contributing traits and classify traits that have the highest direct and indirect effects on grain yield under both environmental circumstances. Grain yield was positively and significantly correlated with no. of tiller/plant, no. of grains/spike, relative water content, spike fertility, harvest index, grain zinc content and chlorophyll content at the level of both genotype and phenotype; conversely, found significantly negative with canopy temperature and non-significant with days to 50 % flowering and seedling length. Under stress condition, the correlation for grain yield/plant was found significant, and it was correlated positively with no. of tiller/plant, spike fertility, relative water content, harvest index and grain zinc content and non-significantly with seedling length, no. of grain/spike, chlorophyll content, flag leaf area and thousand-grain weight. At the level of both genotype and phenotype, grain yield per plant had a high direct effect in the positive direction by harvest index followed by no. of tiller/plant, no. of grain/spike, relative water content. Thus, more weightage should be given towards these traits as selecting these traits can be rewarding to achieve high yielding wheat genotypes.

scholarly journals Nanopotassium, Nanosilicon, and Biochar Applications Improve Potato Salt Tolerance by Modulating Photosynthesis, Water Status, and Biochemical Constituents

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 723
Author(s):  
Abdel Wahab M. Mahmoud ◽  
Mahmoud M. Samy ◽  
Hoda Sany ◽  
Rasha R. Eid ◽  
Hassan M. Rashad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Abscisic Acid Content

Salinity is one of the main environmental stresses, and it affects potato growth and productivity in arid and semiarid regions by disturbing physiological process, such as the photosynthesis rate, the absorption of essential nutrients and water, plant hormonal functions, and vital metabolic pathways. Few studies are available on the application of combined nanomaterials to mitigate salinity stress on potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Diamont). In order to assess the effects of the sole or combined application of silicon (Si) and potassium (K) nanoparticles and biochar (Bc) on the agro-physiological properties and biochemical constituents of potato plants grown in saline soil, two open-field experiments were executed on a randomized complete block design (RCBD), with five replicates. The results show that the biochar application and nanoelements (n-K and n-Si) significantly improved the plant heights, the fresh and dry plant biomasses, the numbers of stems/plant, the leaf relative water content, the leaf chlorophyll content, the photosynthetic rate (Pn), the leaf stomatal conductance (Gc), and the tuber yields, compared to the untreated potato plants (CT). Moreover, the nanoelements and biochar improved the content of the endogenous elements of the plant tissues (N, P, K, Mg, Fe, Mn, and B), the leaf proline, and the leaf gibberellic acid (GA3), in addition to reducing the leaf abscisic acid content (ABA), the activity of catalase (CAT), and the peroxidase (POD) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) in the leaves of salt-stressed potato plants. The combined treatment achieved maximum plant growth parameters, physiological parameters, and nutrient concentrations, and minimum transpiration rates (Tr), leaf abscisic acid content (ABA), and activities of the leaf antioxidant enzymes (CAT, POD, and PPO). Furthermore, the combined treatment also showed the highest tuber yield and tuber quality, including the contents of carbohydrates, proteins, and the endogenous nutrients of the tuber tissues (N, P, and K), and the lowest starch content. Moreover, Pearson’s correlation showed that the plant growth and the tuber yields of potato plants significantly and positively correlated with the photosynthesis rate, the internal CO2 concentration, the relative water content, the proline, the chlorophyll content, and the GA3, and that they were negatively correlated with the leaf Na content, PPO, CAT, ABA, MDA, and Tr. It might be concluded that nanoelement (n-K and n-Si) and biochar applications are a promising method to enhance the plant growth and crop productivity of potato plants grown under salinity conditions.

Effects of dehydration and rehydration on the leaf lipids and lipid metabolism in Parkinsonia aculeata (Caesalpiniaceae)

Botany ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 91 (8) ◽  
pp. 505-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Benadjaoud ◽  
Ghouziel Benhassaine-Kesri ◽  
Alain Zachowski ◽  
Fatiha Aïd
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Membrane Lipids ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Stress Relief ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Slight Variation ◽  
Parkinsonia Aculeata ◽  
Relative Water

Plants of Parkinsonia aculeata L. were dehydrated by withholding water for 13 days and then rehydrated. The leaves of control plants and stressed plants were analyzed every four days from the beginning of stress and 6, 24, and 48 h after stress relief. Analysis of leaf water status showed a decrease in relative water content of nearly 16% during dehydration and a return to its control value after 48 h of rehydration. The contents of chlorophylls, chloroplast lipids (monogalactosyldiacylglycerol and digalactosyldiacylglycerol), and neutral lipids increased by 38%, 20%, and 125% (in μg·mg dry mass−1), respectively, when the daily decrease of relative water content reached 1.4%, while the mass of extra-plastidial lipids (phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine) increased by 25% (in μg·mg dry mass−1) only when the daily water loss was 2.6%. In addition, incorporation of radioactive acetate in lipids showed a preferential synthesis of digalactosyldiacylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, and phosphatidylcholine. The unsaturation degree of galactolipids remained stable, while a slight increase of unsaturation of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine was observed. After rehydration, the mass of chlorophylls fell sharply, while the amount of total lipids decreased slowly as the level remained 17% higher than in the control 6 h after stress relief. Our results show that Parkinsonia plants are sensitive to a slight variation of the water potential and respond with an increased synthesis of membrane lipids during stress and after rehydration.

scholarly journals Seed Antioxidants Interplay with Drought Stress Tolerance Indices in Chilli (Capsicum annuum L) Seedlings

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Lakshmi Sahitya ◽  
M. S. R. Krishna ◽  
R. Sri Deepthi ◽  
G. Shiva Prasad ◽  
D. Peda Kasim
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Water Regimes ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Tolerance Indices

Altering climatic conditions and water stress drastically affects the chilli crop yield. In this scenario we adapted a strategic approach for screening of elite chilli genotypes, by exploring role of seed antioxidants in stress tolerance during vegetative phase. A total of 20 chilli genotypes’ seed antioxidant potential and its effect on water stress tolerance were studied at three water regimes, namely, control (100% Field Capacity), moderate (80% Field Capacity), and severe (60% Field Capacity) stress conditions. Drought tolerance traits relative water content, chlorophyll content, and activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase enzymes were measured. A strong correlation was observed between seed antioxidants and water stress tolerant traits in seedlings. Genotypes KCa-5, KCa-6, and KCa-10 showed low quantity of H2O2 and Malondialdehyde in seeds and maintained high membrane integrity and chlorophyll content in seedlings. High content of proline in KCa-5, KCa-7, and KCa-10 seeds retained high relative water content at seedling stage under severe water stress. Present work reveals genotypic differences of hot pepper to different water regimes. Based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of seed antioxidant variables and drought tolerance indices twenty genotypes segregated into three clusters, namely, drought tolerant and susceptible and moderately tolerant.

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