scholarly journals Leaf Morphological Chara cteristics of Leaf Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) as Affected by Different Colored Plastic Mulch

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edmar Franquera
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Romaine Lettuce ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
The University ◽  
Leaf Lettuce

Looseleaf and Romaine lettuce were grown in a vegetable experimental station in the University of the Philippines Los Banos to determine the effect of the different colored plastic mulch on the leaf morphological characteristics of the two lettuce varieties. A split plot following the Randomized Completely Block Design was used. Results of the study showed that red plastic mulch exhibited better response in terms of the different leaf morphology of the leaf lettuce. Lettuce leaf length, leaf diameter, leaf fresh and dry weight were higher when grown with red plastic mulch compared with the other colored plastic mulch. The result of the study showed that the color of the mulch had significant effect on the leaf morphological characteristics of the leaf lettuce.

scholarly journals Effect of Plastic Mulch Color on Leaf Anatomy of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-108
Author(s):  
Edmar Franquera ◽  
Renato Mabesa
Keyword(s):  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Leaf Anatomy ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Anatomical Structure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Romaine Lettuce ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
Orange Yellow ◽  
Leaf Anatomical Structure

Two lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) varieties (Looseleaf and Romaine) were grown with five colored (silver, red, orange, yellow, green) plastic mulches to determine their effects on the leaf anatomical structure of lettuce. The experiment was laid in a Split Plot Randomized Completely Block Design. The result of the study showed that Romaine lettuce (8.80) had a higher number of stomata compared with Looseleaf (6.73) however; in terms of stomata length the Looseleaf had longer stomata (18.63 µm) compared with Romaine (16.42 µm). More stomata were observed in lettuce grown with red plastic mulch. However, the number of stomata did not differ among the various colored plastic mulches. Longer stomata were observed in lettuce grown with red plastic mulch, compared with lettuce grown with the other colored plastic mulches. The study showed that the color of the plastic mulch had a significant effect on the leaf anatomy of lettuce and red plastic mulch could be used to enhance the length of the stomata which may affect the growth of the lettuce.

scholarly journals Effects of Cover Methods and Nitrogen Levels on the Growth and Yield of Tomato

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1021-1033
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thi Loan ◽  
Tran Thi My Can
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Black Plastic

To study the effects of cover methods and nitrogen (N) levels on the growth and yield components of tomato Cv. Pear F1, field experiments with a 4x3 factorial design were conducted in the 2019 spring and winter seasons using a randomized complete block design with three replications. The cover methods included four treatments: bare soil (BS), black plastic mulch (BPM), transparent polypropylene row cover (RC), and a combination of BPM and RC (BPMRC) with the RC removed approximately 30 days after transplanting. Nitrogen (N) was applied at three levels (150, 180, and 210 kg N ha-1). Using BPM and RC generally led to an increased air temperature, air humidity, soil moisture, and soil temperature compared to the BS treatment. Higher N rates (180 and 210 kg N ha-1) did not result  in different tomato fruit sizes and fruit weights but positively increased fruit yield and quality (Brix values and fruit dry weight) as compared to the 150 kg N ha-1 addition. The cover methods positively affected the yield components and fruit yield of tomato as well as the fruit characteristics compared to the BS treatment. Using cover materials (BPM and RC) combined with a higher N application significantly increased the yield attributes and fruit yield. The highest fruit yield was achieved under the mulching treatment by black plastic (BPM treatment) combined with a 210 kg N ha-1 application, resulting in 50.90 tons ha-1 in the spring and 58.27 tons ha-1 in the winter.

scholarly journals Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Mulch Application on Growth Performance and Pod Yields of Hot Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) under Irrigated Condition

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Temesgen Molla ◽  
Girma Abera ◽  
Sheleme Beyene
Keyword(s):  
Water Conservation ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Hot Pepper ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Banana Leaves

Hot pepper is an important vegetable and spice crop in Ethiopia. However, the productivity of hot pepper is limited by poor soil fertility and lack of proper soil and water conservation measures under irrigated condition. Therefore, hot pepper crop response to nitrogen (N) fertilizer and mulching experiment was conducted at Alage ATVET College. The treatments consisted of three mulch types (no mulch, transparent plastic mulch, and dry banana leaves mulch) and four levels of N (0, 50, 100 and 150 kg N ha-1) factorial arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications. A hot pepper cultivar commonly known as “MarekoFana” was used for the study. Days to 50% flowering, 50% fruit set, maturity and harvest were significantly prolonged in response to increasing N application. The delays were about 7, 19, 23 and 12 days at the N levels of 50, 100 and 150 kg N ha-1respectively compared to the control. The analysis of variance revealed that plant height, number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant, dry weight of seeds per pod, total weight of dried pods per plant, weight of individual dry pods and width were significantly (P = .001) increased by the main effect of mulching. Generally, the results revealed that nitrogen application significantly (P = .001) influenced all growth parameters, pod yield, and yield components of the crop. Nitrogen application at 100 kg ha-1 resulted in the highest total dried pod yield (4.5 tha-1), marketable yield (3.76 t ha- 1), pod length (13.3 cm), pod width (3.2 cm), mean dry weight of pod (3.85 g), and seed number per pod (108.4). The interaction of N and mulching also significantly (P = .05) affected marketable and total pod yields. In conclusion, based on agronomic performance and partial budget analyses results we recommend a combined application of dry banana leaves mulch and 100 kg N ha-1 for economically feasible and sustainable hot pepper production in Alage areas of Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia.

The effect of plastic mulch and row covers on the growth and physiology of cucumber

2004 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 91 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Ibarra-Jiménez ◽  
M. R. Quezada-Martín ◽  
M. de la Rosa-Ibarra
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Row Covers ◽  
Black Plastic ◽  
Whole Plants ◽  
Polyethylene Mulch

To determine the effectiveness of black plastic mulch alone and in combination with row covers, on growth and physiological changes of cucumber plants, 6 treatments were established in a randomised complete block design with 4 replications: bare soil (control); black polyethylene mulch alone (B); B plus a clear cover of perforated polyethylene (BRCP); B plus a white cover of perforated polyethylene (BRWP); B plus an Agribon cover of polypropylene (BRA); and B plus a Kimberly farm row cover (BRK). For the plants grown with mulch or mulch combined with row covers, the dry weight of leaves 50 days after seeding (DAS), and the dry weight of whole plants (at 50 and 110 DAS) were significantly (P<0.05) different from the control. Early yields of treatments B, BRCP, BRWP, BRA and BRK were 2.1, 1.9, 2.6, 1.9 and 2.4 times higher than the control, which yielded 10 t/ha. Total yields were increased by 9.7, 15.4, 19.8, 14.9 and 20 t/ha, over the control which yielded 104 t/ha. Increases in plant dry weight explained the changes in yield. Stomatal conductance may explain in part, the increase in photosynthetic rate, but may not explain yield increase.

scholarly journals The effect of combination of AB-mix nutrition with liquid organic fertilizer of tofu liquid waste on hydroponical growth and production of lettage (Lactuca sativa L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-170
Author(s):  
Arnis En Yulia ◽  
Murniati ◽  
Isna Rahma Dini ◽  
Laila Manja
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Root Volume ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves

This study aims to determine the effect of the combination of AB mix nutrients with liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) of tofu liquid waste on the growth and yield of lettuce plants and to obtain the best combination for the growth and yield of lettuce hydroponically. This study used a non-factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD), consisting of a comparison of nutritional treatments, namely: N1 = 100% AB mix + 0% LOF of liquid waste tofu, N2= 75% AB mix + 25% LOF of tofu liquid waste, N3= 50% AB mix + 50% LOF of tofu liquid waste, N4= 25% AB mix + 75 % LOF of tofu liquid waste, N5= 100% LOF of waste liquid tofu which consists of 4 replications. Parameters observed were plant height, number of leaves, leaf length, leaf width, root length, fresh weight, root volume and weight fit for consumption. The results showed that the administration of 50% AB mix + 50% LOF of tofu liquid waste and 25% AB mix + 75% LOF of tofu liquid waste showed results that tended to be the same but the results of the combination of 75% AB mix + 25% LOF of tofu liquid waste were higher. On the parameters of the number of leaves is 11.12 strands, fresh weight is 66.40 g and suitable weight for consumption is 58.31 g.

scholarly journals Peningkatan Produktivitas Lahan Gambut melalui Teknik Ameliorasi dan Inokulasi Mikroba Pelarut Fosfat

Jurnal Agro ◽  
10.15575/76 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Ida Nur Istina ◽  
Benny Joy ◽  
Aisyah D Suyono
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Peat Soil ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing

Keterbatasan lahan potensial menyebabkan perluasan areal pertanian mengarah pada lahan gambut. Kendala pengembangan lahan gambut adalah rendahnya kandungan hara tersedia bagi tanaman. Fosfat (P) merupakan salah satu unsur hara makro yang penting untuk pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman, disisi lain ketersediaan hara ini pada lahan gambut terbatas karena ikatan asam organik dan sifat yang mudah tercuci. Penelitian untuk menguji pengaruh ameliorasi dan inokulasi mikroba pelarut fosfat terhadap ketersediaan hara P di lahan gambut dilakukan di kebun pembibitan kelapa sawit petani di Riau dari Oktober 2013 - Maret 2014, menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok pola Faktorial dengan 30 kombinasi perlakuan dan 3 kali ulangan. Variabel yang diamati meliputi : tinggi tanaman, lingkar batang, jumlah daun, lebar daun, panjang daun, kandungan hara tanaman, dan bobot biomasa bibit setelah 5 bulan di pembibitan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ameliorasi menggunakan kompos tandan kosong kelapa sawit mampu meningkatkan P tersedia, serapan P oleh batang dan akar, berat brangkasan dan berat kering batang. Sedangkan mikroba pelarut fosfat berpengaruh secara tidak nyata.The limitation of potential land leads agricultural development expansion to the peat soil area. Constrain of the peatland development is the low nutrient content that is required by plant. Phosphate is one of major growth and production limiting nutrient because of the solublelize of the organic acids and immobility The research was conducted from October 2013 – March 2014 at the farmer main nursery in Riau province to test the effect of amelioration and phosphate solubilizing microbe inoculation on P availability on palm oil seedling growth and production at peatland, used Randomized Block Design with 30 treatments and 3 replications. The parameters observed were plant height, leaf number, leaf width, leaf length, stem diameters, nutrient contents, also fresh and dry weight after 5 months at the main nursery. The result showed that palm oil empty fruit bunch compost as ameliorant increased P nutrient avaibility, P uptake, fresh and dry weight, whereas phosphate solubilizing microbe was unsignificant.

scholarly journals PENGARUH TAKARAN PUPUK ORGANIK DAN ANORGANIK TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN SELADA (Lactuca sativa L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Meci Yuniastuti Rahma
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Lettuce Plant ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Npk Fertilizer

The research objective was to study the effect of organic and inorganic fertilizer on the growth and production of lettuce. This research was conducted from February 2017 to April 2017 at Green House, Faculty of Agricultural,Sjakhyakirti University Palembang. The research used Randomized Block Design (RAK) with 12 treatments and repeated 3 times. The treatment in this research was K (50 g.crop-1 cowmanure and 0 g.crop-1NPK fertilizer), L (50 g.crop-1 cow manure and 1 g.crop-1 NPK fertilizer ), M (50 g.crop-1 cow manure and 2 g.crop-1 NPK fertilizer), N (50 g.crop-1 cow manure and 3 g.crop-1NPK fertilizer), O ( 80 g.crop-1 cow manure and 0 g.crop-1 NPKfertilizer), P (80 g.crop-1 cow manure and 1 g.crop-1 NPK fertilizer), Q (80 g.crop-1 cow manure and 2 g.crop-1NPK fertilizer), R (80 g.crop-1 cow manure and 3 g.crop-1NPK fertilizer), S (110 g.crop-1 cow manure and 0 g.crop-1 NPK fertilizer), T (110 g.crop-1 cow manure and 1 g.crop-1NPK fertilizer), U (110 g.crop-1 cow manure and 2 g.crop-1 NPK fertilizer), V (110 g.crop-1 cow manure and 3 g.crop-1 NPK fertilizer). The variables observed in this study were plant height (cm), number of leaves (strands), number of roots, wet weight of plant (g), dry weight of plant (g). The results showed that the organic fertilizer of cow manure and inorganic NPK fertilizer have no significant effect on the growth but has a significant effect on the production of lettuce plant. However, the U (110 g.crop-1 cow manure and 3 g.crop-1 NPK fertilizer) showed the best production of many leaves and wet trimming weight of lettuce.

scholarly journals Turfgrass Evaluation Under Artificial Shade in the Greenhouse

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 520F-521
Author(s):  
Mark R. LeBlanc ◽  
James N. McCrimmon
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Average Decrease ◽  
Greenhouse Study ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Shade Cloth ◽  
Stolon Length ◽  
Total Dry Weight

Establishing and maintaining turfgrass in the shade is one of the most challenging problems facing turfgrass managers and home owners. A greenhouse study was initiated to determine the shade tolerance of centipedegrass [Eremochloa ophiuroides (Munro.) Hack.], carpetgrass [Axonopus affinis Chase], and selected St. Augustinegrass [Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walt.) Kuntze] cultivars (`Floratam', `FX-10', `Seville', and `TR 6-10'). Plants were grown under artificial shade (85% polypropylene shade cloth) and full sun. Actual percent shade (%shade={PAR under shade/PAR under sun}*100) was determined by measuring photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) under shade cloth and full sun adjacent to the shade structure using a quantum sensor. Pots were arranged in a completely randomized block design with four replications. All turfgrasses, except `TR 6-10', had a significant reduction in total dry weight in the shade compared to those in the sun. `TR 6-10' had the highest root, leaf, and total dry weight in the shade. `FX-10' had the lowest root, leaf, and total dry weight in the shade. Plants grown under the shade treatment compared to those in the sun resulted in an average decrease in stolon number of 13 and in total stolon length of 170 cm. In the shade, `Floratam' and `Seville' had the longest stolon internode lengths, while `Floratam' had the longest in the sun. There were significant differences for leaf length between the shade and sun treatments, except for carpetgrass and `FX-10'. `Floratam' and `FX-10' had differences in leaf width between the sun and shade.

scholarly journals Leaf Characteristics and Grain Yield of Three Aromatic Rice Cultivars as Influenced by 6-Benzylaminopurine

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-30
Author(s):  
M. C. Devsharmma ◽  
B. C. Sarker ◽  
S. K. Pramanik
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Aromatic Rice ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Leaf Characteristics ◽  
Leaf Dry Weight

To explore the effects of 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP) on leaf characteristics and grain yield of aromatic rice the present investigation was carried out. The experimental materials comprising four concentrations of BAP (0 ppm, 30 ppm, 60 ppm and 90 ppm) and three aromatic rice cultivars (Chinigura, Kataribhog and Kalijira). The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design and replicated thrice. Statistical analysis indicated that leaf characteristics and grain yield of aromatic rice were significantly influenced by the concentrations of BAP. Leaf number, leaf length, leaf breadth, leaf dry weight, panicle length, 500-grain weight and grain yield were increased with the increasing concentration of BAP. Among the concentrations, the 90 ppm of BAP performed better regarding the parameters studied. Maximum number of leaf, longest leaf, maximum leaf dry weight, highest length breadth ratio of leaf and maximum 500-grain weight was observed in Kataribhog which was statistically at par with that of Kalijira. Broader leaf was observed in Chinigura, whereas longest panicle and highest grain yield was recorded from Kalijira. Among different treatment combinations the highest grain yield (4.10 t ha-1) was recorded from Kalijira × 90 ppm BAP treatment and the lowest grain yield (3.08 t ha-1) was recorded from Chinigura × control treatment.

scholarly journals Biplot analysis of trait relations of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) landraces

Genetika ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 675-690
Author(s):  
Naser Sabaghnia ◽  
Mehdi Mohebodini ◽  
Mohsen Janmohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
First Year ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Petiole Length ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea L ◽  
Leaf Yield ◽  
Spinach Leaf

Interest in growing winter spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) in Iran is increasing due to its good nutritional potential returns relative to other vegetable crops. The objectives of this research were to investigate the interrelationships among different traits of spinach and to evaluate different Iranian spinach landraces with application of the genotype ? trait (GT) biplot methodology in visualizing research data. 81 spinach landraces were grown during 2-years according to randomized complete block design with four replications. Ranking of the genotypes based on the ideal entry revealed that genotypes G1, G20, G7, G8, G9, G27, G49 G70 and G79 were higher in the measured traits and could be good candidates for improving most of the measured traits. Ranking of traits for the leaf yield showed that petiole diameter, petiole length, leaf numbers at flowering, 1000-seed weight and root dry weight were the most discriminating traits which influence spinach leaf yield at both years. There were 9 winning genotypes and 4 which-won-where patterns at the first year while there were 8 winning genotypes and 4 which-won-where patterns at the second year. As a result, the findings from our study are as follows: (i) traits leaf numbers at flowering, leaf length, leaf width, leaf area, petiole diameter and petiole length could be as selection indices for spinach leaf yield improvement, (ii) genotypes G1, G20, G7, G8, G9, G27, G49 G70, and G79 were the most favorable and is thus recommended for commercial release or incorporating in breeding programs; (iii) the GT biplot method can be used to identify superior genotypes in other crops and in other parts of the world.

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