scholarly journals Markers for oxidative stress in the synovial fluid of Thoroughbred horses with carpal bone fracture

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nao TSUZUKI ◽  
Yoshinori KANBAYASHI ◽  
Kanichi KUSANO
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Bone Fracture ◽  
Carpal Bone ◽  
Thoroughbred Horses

scholarly journals Analysis of Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein (COMP) in Synovial Fluid, Serum and Urine from 51 Racehorses with Carpal Bone Fracture

2008 ◽  
Vol 70 (9) ◽  
pp. 915-921 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koh ARAI ◽  
Masaaki TAGAMI ◽  
Takashi HATAZOE ◽  
Eikoh NISHIMATSU ◽  
Yuri SHIMIZU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Bone Fracture ◽  
Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein ◽  
Matrix Protein ◽  
Carpal Bone ◽  
Serum And Urine

scholarly journals The role of oxidative and nitrosative stress in the pathology of osteoarthritis: Novel candidate biomarkers for quantification of degenerative changes in the knee joint

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Franz ◽  
Laura Joseph ◽  
Constantin Mayer ◽  
Jan-Frieder Harmsen ◽  
Holger Schrumpf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Human Serum ◽  
Synovial Membrane ◽  
Nitrosative Stress ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Oxidative And Nitrosative Stress ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most frequently diagnosed joint disorder worldwide with increasing prevalence and crucial impact on the quality of life of affected patients through chronic pain, decreasing mobility and invalidity. Although some risk factors, such as age, obesity and previous joint injury are well established, the exact pathogenesis of OA on a cellular and molecular level remains less understood. Today, the role of nitrosative and oxidative stress has not been investigated conclusively in the pathogenesis of OA yet. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify biological substances for oxidative and nitrosative stress, which mirror the degenerative processes in an osteoarthritic joint. 69 patients suffering from a diagnosed knee pain participated in this study. Based on the orthopedic diagnosis, patients were classified into an osteoarthritis group (OAG, n=24) or in one of two control groups (meniscopathy, CG1, n=11; anterior cruciate ligament rupture, CG2, n=34). Independently from the study protocol, all patients underwent an invasive surgical intervention which was used to collect samples from the synovial membrane, synovial fluid and human serum. Synovial biopsies were analyzed histopathologically for synovitis (Krenn-Score) and immunohistochemically for detection of end products of oxidative (8-isoprostane F2α) and nitrosative (3-nitrotyrosine) stress. Additionally, the fluid samples were analyzed for 8-isoprostane F2α and 3-nitrotyrosine by competitive ELISA method. The analyzation of inflammation in synovial biopsies revealed a slight synovitis in all three investigated groups. Detectable concentrations of 3-nitrotyrosine were reported in all three investigated groups without showing any significant differences between the synovial biopsies, fluid or human serum. In contrast, significant increased concentrations of 8-isoprostane F2α were detected in OAG compared to both control groups. Furthermore, our data showed a significant correlation between the histopathological synovitis and oxidative stress in OAG (r=0.728, P<0.01). There were no significant differences between the concentrations of 8-isoprostane F2α in synovial fluid and human serum. The findings of the current study support the hypothesis that oxidative and nitrosative stress are components of the multi-factory pathophysiological formation of OA. It seems reasonable that an inflammatory process in the synovial membrane triggers the generation of oxidative and nitrosative acting substances which can lead to a further degradation of the articular cartilage. Based on correlations between the observed degree of inflammation and investigated biomarkers, especially 8-isoprostane F2α seems to be a novel candidate biomarker for OA. However, due to the finding that also both control groups showed increased concentrations of selected biomarkers, future studies have to validate the diagnostic potential of these biomarkers in OA and in related conditions of the knee joint.

scholarly journals The Paradoxical Role of Uric Acid in Osteoporosis

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun-Mo Lin ◽  
Chien-Lin Lu ◽  
Kuo-Chin Hung ◽  
Pei-Chen Wu ◽  
Chi-Feng Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Bone Fracture ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Free Oxygen Radicals ◽  
Increase Bone Resorption

Because of its high prevalence worldwide, osteoporosis is considered a serious public health concern. Many known risk factors for developing osteoporosis have been identified and are crucial if planning health care needs. Recently, an association between uric acid (UA) and bone fractures had been explored. Extracellular UA exhibits antioxidant properties by effectively scavenging free radicals in human plasma, but this benefit might be disturbed by the hydrophobic lipid layer of the cell membrane. In contrast, intracellular free oxygen radicals are produced during UA degradation, and superoxide is further enhanced by interacting with NADPH oxidase. This intracellular oxidative stress, together with inflammatory cytokines induced by UA, stimulates osteoclast bone resorption and inhibits osteoblast bone formation. UA also inhibits vitamin D production and thereby results in hyper-parathyroidism, which causes less UA excretion in the intestines and renal proximal tubules by inhibiting the urate transporter ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2). At normal or high levels, UA is associated with a reduction in bone mineral density and protects against bone fracture. However, in hyperuricemia or gout arthritis, UA increases bone fracture risk because oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines can increase bone resorption and decrease bone formation. Vitamin D deficiency, and consequent secondary hyperparathyroidism, can further increase bone resorption and aggravated bone loss in UA-induced osteoporosis.

scholarly journals Characterization of osteoarthritis phenotypes by global metabolomic profiling of human synovial fluid

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyssa K. Carlson ◽  
Rachel A. Rawle ◽  
Cameron W. Wallace ◽  
Ellen G. Brooks ◽  
Erik Adams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Metabolic Phenotypes ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Structural Deterioration ◽  
Novel Biomarkers ◽  
Central Energy ◽  
Early Oa ◽  
Human Synovial Fluid

AbstractObjectiveOsteoarthritis (OA) is a multifactorial disease with etiological heterogeneity. The objective of this study was to classify OA subgroups by generating metabolic phenotypes of OA from human synovial fluid.DesignPost mortemsynovial fluids (n=75) were analyzed by high performance-liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) to measure changes in the global metabolome. Comparisons of healthy (grade 0), early OA (grades I-II), and late OA (grades III-IV) donor populations were considered to reveal phenotypes throughout disease progression.ResultsGlobal metabolomic profiles in synovial fluid were distinct between healthy, early OA, and late OA donors. Pathways differentially activated among these groups included structural deterioration, glycerophospholipid metabolism, inflammation, central energy metabolism, oxidative stress, and vitamin metabolism. Within disease states (early and late OA), subgroups of donors revealed distinct phenotypes. Phenotypes of OA exhibited increased inflammation (early and late OA), oxidative stress (late OA), or structural deterioration (early and late OA) in the synovial fluid.ConclusionThese results revealed distinct metabolic phenotypes of OA in human synovial fluid, provide insight into pathogenesis, represent novel biomarkers and assist in developing personalized interventions for subgroups of OA patients.

Bilateral Scaphocapitate Fracture Syndrome: A Case Report with Long-Term Follow up

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (02) ◽  
pp. 243-246
Author(s):  
Ahmadreza Afshar ◽  
Ali Tabrizi
Keyword(s):  
Bone Fracture ◽  
Open Reduction ◽  
Functional Results ◽  
Fracture Dislocation ◽  
Carpal Bone ◽  
Orthopedic Surgeons ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Scaphocapitate Fracture Syndrome

Carpal bone fracture-dislocation is an uncommon wrist injury. Regarding limited prevalence of such injury, most of orthopedic surgeons have low experience in treatment and handling of these fractures and dislocations. A 25-year-old male worker with an uncommon carpal bone fracture-dislocation, namely bilateral scaphocapitate fracture syndrome, was described. Volar and dorsal approaches were used for reduction and fixation; complete stabilization was achieved after open reduction and fixation using Herbert screws into scaphoid and capitate. A 5-year follow-up showed satisfactory functional and radiographic results. In the case of scaphocapitate fracture syndrome open reduction and internal fixation by compression screws (rather than inserting multiple pins) leads to complete union in scaphoid and capitate. Restoration of normal anatomy in carpus bones can result in long-term satisfactory functional results while preventing possible complications.

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