scholarly journals Experimental investigation of bone mineral density in Thoroughbreds using quantitative computed tomography

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 81-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazutaka YAMADA ◽  
Fumio SATO ◽  
Tohru HIGUCHI ◽  
Kaori NISHIHARA ◽  
Mitsunori KAYANO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Mineral Density

Effect of Rheumatoid Arthritis on Volumetric Bone Mineral Density and Bone Geometry, Assessed by Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography in Postmenopausal Women Treated with Bisphosphonates

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 1215-1220 ◽  
Author(s):  
SYMEON TOURNIS ◽  
VASILIOS SAMDANIS ◽  
SAVAS PSARELIS ◽  
CHRYSA LIAKOU ◽  
JULIA ANTONIOU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Bone Geometry ◽  
Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Volumetric Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Mineral Density

Objective.To investigate the effect of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) on volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) and bone geometry in postmenopausal women treated with bisphosphonates.Methods.Fifty-three postmenopausal women with RA and 87 control subjects, comparable in terms of age, body mass index, and years since menopause, underwent peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) of the nondominant tibia.Results.At 4% (trabecular site), trabecular bone mineral content (BMC) and vBMD (p < 0.001) were lower in the RA group, while trabecular area was comparable. At 38% (cortical site), cortical BMC (p < 0.01), area (p < 0.05), and thickness (p < 0.001) were lower in the RA group, whereas vBMD was comparable. Endosteal circumference was higher (p < 0.05), whereas periosteal circumference was comparable, indicating cancellization of cortical bone. In the RA group, muscle area was lower (p < 0.001), while at 14% polar stress strength index was significantly lower (p < 0.01) in patients with RA, indicating impairment of bone mechanical properties.Conclusion.RA is associated with negative effects on both cortical and cancellous bone in postmenopausal women treated with bisphosphonates. Cortical geometric properties are also adversely affected mainly by increased endosteal circumference, whereas trabecular geometric properties are generally preserved.

Bone Mineral Density of Cervical Spine Vertebrae Using Quantitative Computed Tomography

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narayan Yoganandan ◽  
Frank A. Pintar ◽  
Recai Aktay ◽  
Glenn Paskoff ◽  
Barry S. Shender
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Cervical Vertebrae ◽  
Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Computed Tomography Scanning ◽  
And Gender

While numerous studies exist quantifying the bone mineral content of the human lumber vertebrae, such information is not available for the cervical spine. This study determined the bone mineral densities of cervical vertebrae. Adult healthy human volunteers, ages ranging from 18 to 40 years, underwent quantitative computed tomography scanning of the neck. BMD data were divided according to subject weight (above and below 50th percentile, termed low and heavy mass) and gender. Low-mass subjects did not consistently have higher bone mineral density at all levels of the cervical column. Bone mineral were higher (259 ± 6 mg/cc) for females than males (247 ± 8 mg/cc); for the entire ensemble the mean density was 253 ± 9 mg/cc. Altered strength of cervical vertebrae coupled with the increased mobility of the disc at the inferior levels of the neck may explain regional biomechanical differences and subsequent physiologic effects secondary to aging. This study quantifies BMD of the human neck vertebrae and offers explanations to the biomechanical behaviors of the human cervical spine.

Bone Evaluation by High-Resolution Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography in Patients With Adrenal Incidentaloma

2020 ◽  
Vol 105 (8) ◽  
pp. e2726-e2737
Author(s):  
Aline Barbosa Moraes ◽  
Marcela Pessoa de Paula ◽  
Francisco de Paula Paranhos-Neto ◽  
Emanuela Mello Ribeiro Cavalari ◽  
Felipe Fernandes Cordeiro de Morais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Distal Radius ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Adrenal Incidentaloma ◽  
Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
X Ray

Abstract Context Data regarding high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) in patients with adrenal incidentaloma (AI) are unknown. Purpose To evaluate the areal bone mineral density (aBMD), microstructure, and fractures in patients with nonfunctioning AI (NFAI) and autonomous cortisol secretion (ACS). Methods We evaluated 45 patients with NFAI (1 mg dexamethasone suppression test [DST] ≤1.8 µg/dL) and 30 patients with ACS (1 mg DST 1.9-5.0 µg/dL). aBMD was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; vertebral fracture by spine X-ray; and bone geometry, volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD), and microstructure by HR-pQCT. Results Patients with ACS showed lower aBMD values at the spine, femoral neck, and radius 33% than those with NFAI. Osteoporosis was frequent in both groups: NFAI (64.9%) and ACS (75%). Parameters at the distal radius by HR-pQCT were decreased in patients with ACS compared to those with NFAI: trabecular vBMD (Tb.vBMD, P = 0.03), inner zone of the trabecular region (Inn.Tb.vBMD, P = 0.01), the bone volume/tissue volume ratio (BV/TV, P = 0.03) and trabecular thickness (P = 0.04). As consequence, a higher ratio of the outer zone of the trabecular region/inner zone vBMD (Meta/Inn.vBMD, P = 0.003) was observed. A correlation between the cortisol levels after 1 mg DST and Meta/Inn.vBMD ratio was found (r = 0.29; P = 0.01). The fracture frequency was 73.7% in patients with ACS vs 55.6% in patients with NFAI (P = 0.24). Conclusion Our findings point to an association between trabecular bone microarchitectural derangement at the distal radius and ACS. Our data suggest that AI have a negative impact on bone when assessed by HR-pQCT, probably associated to subclinical hypercortisolism.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document