scholarly journals A Cross-Protection Experiment in Pigs Vaccinated with Haemophilus parasuis Serovars 2 and 5 Bacterins, and Evaluation of a Bivalent Vaccine under Laboratory and Field Conditions.

2001 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 487-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kinya TAKAHASHI ◽  
Shinya NAGAI ◽  
Takeshi YAGIHASHI ◽  
Tsutomu IKEHATA ◽  
Yoshinori NAKANO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Protection ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Haemophilus Parasuis ◽  
Bivalent Vaccine

scholarly journals Bivalent Vaccine Effectiveness Against Type-Specific HPV Positivity: Evidence for Cross-Protection Against Oncogenic Types Among Dutch STI Clinic Visitors

2017 ◽  
Vol 217 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra J Woestenberg ◽  
Audrey J King ◽  
Birgit H B van Benthem ◽  
Robine Donken ◽  
Suzan Leussink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vaccine Effectiveness ◽  
Cross Protection ◽  
Bivalent Vaccine

scholarly journals Evaluation of Cross-Protection of a Lineage 1 West Nile Virus Inactivated Vaccine against Natural Infections from a Virulent Lineage 2 Strain in Horses, under Field Conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 1040-1049 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serafeim C. Chaintoutis ◽  
Nikolaos Diakakis ◽  
Maria Papanastassopoulou ◽  
Georgios Banos ◽  
Chrysostomos I. Dovas
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Cross Protection ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Protective Capacity ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Lineage 2 ◽  
The Cross

ABSTRACTAlthough experimental data regarding cross-protection of horse West Nile virus (WNV) vaccines against lineage 2 infections exist, the cross-protective efficacy of these vaccines under field conditions has not been demonstrated. This study was conducted to evaluate the capability of an inactivated lineage 1 vaccine (Equip WNV) to protect against natural infections from the Nea Santa-Greece-2010 lineage 2 strain. In total, 185 WNV-seronegative horses in Thessaloniki, Greece, were selected during 2 consecutive years (2011 and 2012); 140 were immunized, and 45 were used as controls. Horses were examined for signs compatible with WNV infection. Neutralizing antibody titers against the Greek strain and the PaAn001/France lineage 1 strain were determined in immunized horses. WNV circulation was detected during both years in the study area. It was estimated that 37% and 27% of the horses were infected during 2011 and 2012, respectively. Three control animals developed clinical signs, and the WNV diagnosis was confirmed. Signs related to WNV infection were not observed in the vaccinated animals. The nonvaccinated animals had a 7.58% ± 1.82% higher chance of exhibiting signs than immunized animals (P< 0.05). Neutralizing antibodies raised against both strains in all immunized horses were detectable 1 month after the initial vaccination course. The cross-protective capacity of the lowest titer (1:40) was evident in 19 animals which were subsequently infected and did not exhibit signs. Neutralizing antibodies were detectable until the annual booster, when strong anamnestic responses were observed (geometrical mean titer ratio [GMTR] for lineage 1 of 30.2; GMTR for lineage 2 of 27.5). The results indicate that Equip WNV is capable of inducing cross-protection against natural infections from a virulent lineage 2 WNV strain in horses.

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