scholarly journals Amoxicillin-induced Aseptic Meningitis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Débora Sousa ◽  
Pedro Raimundo
Keyword(s):  
Aseptic Meningitis ◽  
Dental Procedure ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis ◽  
Fluid Analysis ◽  
Lactam Antibiotic ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of ◽  
Previous Medical History ◽  
Similar Episode

Amoxicillin is a semi synthetic beta-lactam antibiotic that belongs to the penicillin family. It is the most prescribed antibiotic in the world. It has few side effects, even though hypersensitivity reactions may occur, with potential life-threatening effects. The authors present the case of a 63 years-old male admitted in the emergency department with a two-week history of fever and occipital headache. The symptoms began after he started antibiotic prophylaxis with amoxicillin for a dental procedure. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis was suggestive of aseptic meningitis and the patient improved quickly after discontinuation of the drug. The patient’s previous medical history highlighted a similar episode after he had started taking amoxicillin as part of a scheme for the treatment of a Helicobacter pylori infection. Aseptic meningitis is an extremely rare adverse reaction of amoxicillin, with only 16 cases reported in literature.

scholarly journals Meropenem-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis in a patient with known type IV penicillin hypersensitivity

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. e230144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Sameed ◽  
Christine Nwaiser ◽  
Prashant Bhandari ◽  
Sarah A Schmalzle
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Delayed Hypersensitivity ◽  
Stevens Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Hypersensitivity Reactions ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of

Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are considered variants of a disease continuum that results in a life-threatening exfoliative mucocutaneous disease. These are categorised as type IV cell-mediated delayed hypersensitivity reactions, and antibiotics are often implicated as a cause. Penicillins and other beta-lactam antibiotics are known to cause both immediate and delayed hypersensitivity reactions. While immediate IgE-mediated cross-reactivity between penicillins and carbapenems is well studied, less information on the risk of type IV delayed cell-mediated cross-reactivity between the two is available. We present a case of meropenem-induced SJS in a patient with documented history of SJS from amoxicillin. There are few cases of cross-reactivity with carbapenems reported in the literature, but based on the potential for life-threatening reaction, it is likely prudent to avoid the use of any beta-lactams in a patient with a history of SJS, TEN or any other severe cutaneous adverse reactions to another beta-lactam antibiotic.

scholarly journals The history of cerebrospinal fluid analysis in Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 71 (9B) ◽  
pp. 649-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Antonio Livramento ◽  
Luis dos Ramos Machado
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis ◽  
Fluid Analysis ◽  
Strong Point ◽  
History Of

Analysis on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in neurological diagnosis has always been considered to be a strong point among the main complementary examinations in Brazil. The present paper reviews the main events in the history of CSF in the neurological sciences, with emphasis on the founders of several CSF schools in our country from the beginning of the 20th century to the present time.

scholarly journals Empiric antibiotic therapy in a child with cancer and suspected septicemia

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desiree Caselli ◽  
Olivia Paolicchi
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Supportive Therapy ◽  
Empiric Therapy ◽  
Infectious Complications ◽  
Empiric Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Blood Tests ◽  
Empiric Antibiotic ◽  
Lactam Antibiotic ◽  
Life Threatening

Improved outcome in the treatment of in childhood cancer results not only from more aggressive and tailored cancer-directed therapy, but also from improved supportive therapy and treatment of life-threatening infectious complications. Prompt and aggressive intervention with empiric antibiotics has reduced the mortality in this group of patients. Physical examination, blood tests, and blood cultures must be performed, and antibiotic therapy must be administered as soon as possible. Beta-lactam monotherapy, such as piperacillin-tazobactam or cefepime, may be an appropriate empiric therapy of choice for all clinically stable patients with neutropenic fever. An anti-pseudomonal beta-lactam antibiotic plus gentamicin is recommended for patients with systemic compromise.

scholarly journals Meningitis gone viral: Description of the German Echo Wave 2013

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Graf ◽  
Christian Hartmann ◽  
Helmar C Lehmann ◽  
Carolin Otto ◽  
Ortwin Adams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aseptic Meningitis ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis ◽  
Enteroviral Infection ◽  
Varicella Zoster ◽  
Fluid Analysis ◽  
Significant Burden ◽  
Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus 2 ◽  
The University

Abstract BACKGROUND: Aseptic meningitis epidemics may pose various health care challenges. OBJECTIVE: We describe the German enterovirus meningitis epidemics in the university hospital centers of Düsseldorf, Cologne and Berlin between January 1st and December 31st, 2013. RESULTS: A total of 72 enterovirus (EV-positive) meningitis cases were detected in our multicenter cohort, corresponding to 2.1% of all EV-positive cases which were voluntarily reported within the National Enterovirussurveillance (based on investigation of patients with suspected aseptic meningitis/encephalitis and acute flaccid paralysis) by physicians within this period of time. Among these 72 patients, 38 (52.8%) were echovirus-positive (18 pediatric and 20 adult cases, median age 18.5 years). At the same time, 45 aseptic meningitis cases in our cohort were excluded to be due to enteroviral infection (EV-negative). Three EV-negative patients were tested positive for varicella zoster virus (VZV) and one EV-negative patient for herpes simplex virus 2. Hospitalization was significantly longer in EV-negative cases. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis did not reveal significant differences between the two groups. After discharge, EV-meningitis resulted in significant burden of sick leave in our pediatric cohort as parents had to care for the children at home. CONCLUSION: Voluntary disease-specific surveillance, such as provided by the National Enterovirussurveillance in our study may be a valuable tool for epidemiological research.

scholarly journals Invasive Sino-Orbital Aspergillosis in an Immunocompetent Patient

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 208-211
Author(s):  
OM Okolo ◽  
GM Bot ◽  
IK Onyedibe ◽  
DJ Shilong ◽  
DJ Alfin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunocompetent Patient ◽  
Intracranial Extension ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis ◽  
Fluid Analysis ◽  
Computer Tomography Scan ◽  
History Of ◽  
Antifungal Chemotherapy ◽  
Intracranial Aspergillosis ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Tomography Scan

Invasive aspergillosis that involves intra-orbital and intracranial extension occurs in immunodeficient and immunocompetent patients resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. We report the case of a 38year old farmer who had recurrent fronto-ethmoidal mucocoele and proptosis of the left eye. She presented with a history of hypertension and no other significant findings on examination. Computer tomography scan of the brain showed a left fronto-orbital uniform contrast-enhancing extra-axial lesion with thickened peripheral capsule and an associated left fronto-orbital skull defect. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis did not show any sign of infection. Intra-operative biopsy sample showed cheesy material which on culture grew Aspergillus species that was identified further using molecular methods. Antifungal agents were used to treat the patient. The present case strongly suggests that it is possible to control intracranial aspergillosis with a combination of surgery and antifungal chemotherapy.

scholarly journals Invasive Sino-Orbital Aspergillosis in an Immunocompetent Patient

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 208-211
Author(s):  
OM Okolo ◽  
GM Bot ◽  
IK Onyedibe ◽  
DJ Shilong ◽  
DJ Alfin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunocompetent Patient ◽  
Intracranial Extension ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis ◽  
Fluid Analysis ◽  
Computer Tomography Scan ◽  
History Of ◽  
Antifungal Chemotherapy ◽  
Intracranial Aspergillosis ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Tomography Scan

Invasive aspergillosis that involves intra-orbital and intracranial extension occurs in immunodeficient and immunocompetent patients resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. We report the case of a 38year old farmer who had recurrent fronto-ethmoidal mucocoele and proptosis of the left eye. She presented with a history of hypertension and no other significant findings on examination. Computer tomography scan of the brain showed a left fronto-orbital uniform contrast-enhancing extra-axial lesion with thickened peripheral capsule and an associated left fronto-orbital skull defect. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis did not show any sign of infection. Intra-operative biopsy sample showed cheesy material which on culture grew Aspergillus species that was identified further using molecular methods. Antifungal agents were used to treat the patient. The present case strongly suggests that it is possible to control intracranial aspergillosis with a combination of surgery and antifungal chemotherapy.

scholarly journals Amoxicillin induced toxic epidermal necrolysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 510
Author(s):  
Lakshmi Narasimha G. ◽  
Kalpana P.
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Drug Reaction ◽  
Drug Reaction ◽  
Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Beta Lactams ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotic ◽  
Lactam Antibiotic ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs

Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a rare life-threatening adverse drug reaction associated with mucocutaneous eruptions and peeling of skin (sloughing) mostly caused by drugs like sulphonamides, beta lactams, carbamazepine and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Amoxicillin is a broad spectrum, bactericidal, Beta-lactam antibiotic used in treatment of various infections. Here by we have reported the case of amoxicillin induced severe toxic epidermal necrolysis. A Patient admitted in the hospital with the symptoms of epidermal sloughing that resulted in bare dermis as he received Amoxicillin drug for his diagnosis of fever. After clear examination TEN was confirmed and suspected with the cause due to Amoxicillin. The drug was stopped and patient was treated with other drugs for symptomatic cure. The patient was recovered from his condition and improved significantly.

scholarly journals Benign Recurrent Aseptic Meningitis (Mollaret’s Meningitis) in an Elderly Male: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (241) ◽  
pp. 916-918
Author(s):  
Swati Chand ◽  
Sangharsha Thapa ◽  
Khusal Gautam ◽  
Anu Radha Twayana ◽  
Maryrose R.Laguio-Vila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Aseptic Meningitis ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Elderly Male ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis ◽  
Fluid Analysis ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Mollaret's Meningitis

Mollaret’s meningitis is an aseptic recurrent benign lymphocytic meningitis lasting 2-5 days and occurs over years with spontaneous complete resolution of symptoms between episodes. An 88 years-old-male presented with acute onset headache, lethargy and altered sensorium after a recent ear infection. He had multiple similar episodes in the past, each preceded by ear or sinus infection with cerebrospinal fluid finding consistent with aseptic meningitis. However, no specific causative agent was ever identified. He was confused, disoriented and lethargic with normal vitals and systemic examination. Blood tests showed leukocytosis with neutrophilia. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed increased cell count with lymphocyte predominance, elevated protein and negative polymerase chain reaction. Magnetic resonance imaging of brain showed chronic small vessel ischemic changes. He fulfilled the Bruyn’s criteria for clinical diagnosis. He was empirically administered acyclovir during hospitalization and was discharged without prophylactic antiviraldue to negative cerebrospinal fluid analysis, culture, and multiplex polymerase chain reaction.

scholarly journals A case of a recurrent GBS

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-138
Author(s):  
Md Mahabub Morshed ◽  
AKM Ferdous Rahman ◽  
Syed Tariq Reza ◽  
Muhammad Asaduzzaman ◽  
Mohammad Selim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Past History ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Guillain Barre Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Compromise ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis ◽  
Fluid Analysis ◽  
Guillain Barré Syndrome ◽  
History Of ◽  
Guillain Barré

Background: Guillain-Barré syndrome is an acquired polyradiculo-neuropathy, often preceded by an antecedent event. It is a monophasic disease but a recurrence rate of 1–6 % is documented in a subset group of patients.Case presentation: Thirty-five-years-old female with past history of near complete recovery following Guillain-Barré syndrome 17 years back presented with acute, ascending symmetrical flaccid quadriparasis extending to bulbar muscles and respiratory compromise needing mechanical ventilation. Nerve conduction study revealed AMAN variant of Guillain-Barré syndrome. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis done after 1 weeks during recurrent episode revealed albuminocytologic dissociation. She was treated with intravenous immunoglobulin resulting in a remarkable recovery.Conclusion: Recurrence of Guillain-Barré syndrome can occur in a subset of patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome even after many years of asymptomatic period. Most patients with recurrent GBS respond favourably to treatment with plasmapheresis or IVIG.Bangladesh Crit Care J September 2017; 5(2): 135-138

Varicella zoster meningitis in a pregnant woman with uncontrolled type 1 diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. e236644
Author(s):  
Laura Mroue ◽  
Harpreet Brar ◽  
Bernard Gonik
Keyword(s):  
Medical Literature ◽  
Pregnant Patient ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis ◽  
Neck Stiffness ◽  
Varicella Zoster ◽  
Fluid Analysis ◽  
First Case ◽  
The Us ◽  
History Of

We report the case of retrograde varicella zoster virus (VZV) reactivation presenting as aseptic meningitis without rash in a generally healthy pregnant patient. A 27-year-old nulliparous woman at 25 weeks of gestation presented to the emergency department with a 1-day history of severe headache associated with nausea, photophobia and neck stiffness. After ruling out a space-occupying lesion by brain imaging, lumbar puncture was performed. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis by PCR revealed the presence of VZV, making the diagnosis of acute varicella meningitis. The patient had immunoglobulin studies consistent with a history of primary VZV infection, thus confirming reactivation of VZV rather than primary infection. The patient was treated with acyclovir for 14 days and recovered fully. Her neonate was delivered full term without any evidence of vertical transmission. This is only the second reported case of VZV meningitis in a pregnant patient in the medical literature, and the first case in the US that was reported.

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