scholarly journals Effects of Dicyclohexyl Phthalate Exposure on PXR Activation and Lipid Homeostasis in Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 129 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yipeng Sui ◽  
Zhaojie Meng ◽  
Jianzhong Chen ◽  
Jingwei Liu ◽  
Rebecca Hernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Homeostasis ◽  
Phthalate Exposure

Participation of ABCA1 transporter in development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 360-370
Author(s):  
Stanislav N. Kotlyarov ◽  
Anna A. Kotlyarova
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Lipid Homeostasis ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Reverse Transport ◽  
Current Paradigm

Despite all achievements of the modern medicine, the problem of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) does not lose its relevance. The current paradigm suggests a key role of macrophages in inflammation in COPD. Macrophages are known to be heterogeneous in their functions. This heterogeneity is determined by their immunometabolic profile and also by peculiarities of lipid homeostasis of cells. Aim. To analyze the role of the ABCA1 transporter, a member of the ABC A subfamily, in the pathogenesis of COPD. The expression of ABCA1 in lung tissues is on the second place after the liver, which shows the important role of the carrier and of lipid homeostasis in the function of lungs. Analysis of the literature shows that participation of the transporter in inflammation consists in regulation of the content of cholesterol in the lipid rafts of the membranes, in phagocytosis and apoptosis. Conclusion. Through regulation of the process of reverse transport of cholesterol in macrophages of lungs, ABCA1 can change their inflammatory response, which makes a significant contribution to the pathogenesis of COPD.

scholarly journals Evidence for an evolutionary relationship between Vmp1 and bacterial DedA proteins

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 67-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis-Carlos Tábara ◽  
Olivier Vincent ◽  
Ricardo Escalante
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Functional Relationship ◽  
Evolutionary Relationship ◽  
Transmembrane Proteins ◽  
Lipid Homeostasis ◽  
Molecular Function ◽  
Yeast Protein ◽  
Glycine Residue ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Domain Of Unknown Function

VMP1 and DedA proteins are conserved families of transmembrane proteins in eukaryotes and prokaryotes respectively. Despite numerous reports involving these proteins in multiple cellular processes, their molecular function is still unknown. They share the domain of unknown function PF09335, suggesting a possible functional relationship between these protein families. Here we show that VMP1 from different species contain two short motifs conserved in the bacterial DedA proteins and the yeast protein Tvp38. The hallmark of one of these motifs is a glycine residue previously shown to be strictly conserved in all the DedA proteins. Substitution of this residue to leucine, glutamate or arginine in Dictyostelium Vmp1 inactivates the protein, as shown by the inability of the mutants to rescue the phenotypes associated with the lack of Vmp1 including development and lipid homeostasis. This is the first experimental approach that supports an evolutionary relationship between Vmp1 and DedA proteins and highlights the importance of the conserved glycine residue in the PF09335 domain.

scholarly journals Lipids, lysosomes and mitochondria: insights into Lewy body formation from rare monogenic disorders

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Erskine ◽  
David Koss ◽  
Viktor I. Korolchuk ◽  
Tiago F. Outeiro ◽  
Johannes Attems ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Lewy Bodies ◽  
Mitochondrial Diseases ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Lipid Homeostasis ◽  
Lysosomal Storage ◽  
Iron Storage ◽  
Monogenic Disorders ◽  
Storage Disorders

AbstractAccumulation of the protein α-synuclein into insoluble intracellular deposits termed Lewy bodies (LBs) is the characteristic neuropathological feature of LB diseases, such as Parkinson’s disease (PD), Parkinson’s disease dementia (PDD) and dementia with LB (DLB). α-Synuclein aggregation is thought to be a critical pathogenic event in the aetiology of LB disease, based on genetic analyses, fundamental studies using model systems, and the observation of LB pathology in post-mortem tissue. However, some monogenic disorders not traditionally characterised as synucleinopathies, such as lysosomal storage disorders, iron storage disorders and mitochondrial diseases, appear disproportionately vulnerable to the deposition of LBs, perhaps suggesting the process of LB formation may be a result of processes perturbed as a result of these conditions. The present review discusses biological pathways common to monogenic disorders associated with LB formation, identifying catabolic processes, particularly related to lipid homeostasis, autophagy and mitochondrial function, as processes that could contribute to LB formation. These findings are discussed in the context of known mediators of α-synuclein aggregation, highlighting the potential influence of impairments to these processes in the aetiology of LB formation.

Exposure to nano-polystyrene induces metabolic alteration in lipid homeostasis in Caco-2

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sun Jo Kim ◽  
Nguyen Phuoc Long ◽  
Cheol Woon Jung ◽  
Nguyen Hoang Anh ◽  
Jung Eun Min ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Profiling ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Lipid Homeostasis ◽  
Metabolic Alteration

Disturbance in lipid homeostasis was revealed by global metabolic profiling following acute and prolonged exposure to 50 nm polystyrene.

scholarly journals Interhelical H-Bonds Modulate the Activity of a Polytopic Transmembrane Kinase

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 938
Author(s):  
Juan Cruz Almada ◽  
Ana Bortolotti ◽  
Jean Marie Ruysschaert ◽  
Diego de Mendoza ◽  
María Eugenia Inda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Histidine Kinase ◽  
Adaptive Response ◽  
Catalytic Domain ◽  
Membrane Lipids ◽  
Signal Transmission ◽  
Expression System ◽  
Lipid Homeostasis ◽  
Transmembrane Helices ◽  
Transmembrane Region

DesK is a Histidine Kinase that allows Bacillus subtilis to maintain lipid homeostasis in response to changes in the environment. It is located in the membrane, and has five transmembrane helices and a cytoplasmic catalytic domain. The transmembrane region triggers the phosphorylation of the catalytic domain as soon as the membrane lipids rigidify. In this research, we study how transmembrane inter-helical interactions contribute to signal transmission; we designed a co-expression system that allows studying in vivo interactions between transmembrane helices. By Alanine-replacements, we identified a group of polar uncharged residues, whose side chains contain hydrogen-bond donors or acceptors, which are required for the interaction with other DesK transmembrane helices; a particular array of H-bond- residues plays a key role in signaling, transmitting information detected at the membrane level into the cell to finally trigger an adaptive response.

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