scholarly journals Characterizing the Low-Dose Effects of Methylmercury on the Early Stages of Embryo Development Using Cultured Human Embryonic Stem Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 129 (7) ◽  
pp. 077007
Author(s):  
Bai Li ◽  
Cunye Qiao ◽  
Xiaolei Jin ◽  
Hing Man Chan
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Embryo Development ◽  
Human Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Dose Effects ◽  
Low Dose Effects

scholarly journals Effect of Ionizing Radiation from Computed Tomography on Differentiation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells into Neural Precursors

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (16) ◽  
pp. 3900
Author(s):  
Christine Hanu ◽  
Burk W. Loeliger ◽  
Irina V. Panyutin ◽  
Roberto Maass-Moreno ◽  
Paul Wakim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Human Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Pax6 Expression ◽  
Neuronal Markers

We studied the effect of radiation from computed tomography (CT) scans on differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) into neuronal lineage. hESCs were divided into three radiation exposure groups: 0-dose, low-dose, or high-dose exposure. Low dose was accomplished with a single 15 mGy CT dose index (CTDI) CT scan that approximated the dose for abdominal/pelvic CT examinations in adults while the high dose was achieved with several consecutive CT scans yielding a cumulative dose of 500 mGy CTDI. The neural induction was characterized by immunocytochemistry. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western blots were used to measure expression of the neuronal markers PAX6 and NES and pluripotency marker OCT4. We did not find any visible morphological differences between neural precursors from irradiated and non-irradiated cells. However, quantitative analyses of neuronal markers showed that PAX6 expression was reduced following exposure to the high dose compared to 0-dose controls, while no such decrease in PAX6 expression was observed following exposure to the low dose. Similarly, a statistically significant reduction in expression of NES was observed following high-dose exposure, while after low-dose exposure, a modest but statistically significant reduction in NES expression was only observed on Day 8 of differentiation. Further studies are warranted to elucidate how lower or delayed expression of PAX6 and NES can impact human fetal brain development.

scholarly journals An Efficient T1 Contrast Agent for Labeling and Tracking Human Embryonic Stem Cells on MRI

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inga E. Haedicke ◽  
Sadi Loai ◽  
Hai-Ling Margaret Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Human Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Tracking ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Embryonic Stem

Noninvasive cell tracking in vivo has the potential to advance stem cell-based therapies into the clinic. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides an excellent image-guidance platform; however, existing MR cell labeling agents are fraught with limited specificity. To address this unmet need, we developed a highly efficient manganese porphyrin contrast agent, MnEtP, using a two-step synthesis. In vitro MRI at 3 Tesla on human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) demonstrated high labeling efficiency at a very low dose of 10 µM MnEtP, resulting in a four-fold lower T1 relaxation time. This extraordinarily low dose is ideal for labeling large cell numbers required for large animals and humans. Cell viability and differentiation capacity were unaffected. Cellular manganese quantification corroborated MRI findings, and the agent localized primarily on the cell membrane. In vivo MRI of transplanted hESCs in a rat demonstrated excellent sensitivity and specificity of MnEtP for noninvasive stem cell tracking.

Ethanol alters cell cycle gene expression in human embryonic stem cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 01 (03) ◽  
pp. 201-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malini Krishnamoorthy ◽  
Brian Gerwe ◽  
Jamie Heimburg-Molinaro ◽  
Rachel Nash ◽  
Jagan Arumugham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Human Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Cell Cycle Gene ◽  
Cell Cycle Gene Expression
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