scholarly journals In situ microscopic analysis of asbestos and synthetic vitreous fibers retained in hamster lungs following inhalation.

1999 ◽  
Vol 107 (5) ◽  
pp. 367-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
R A Rogers ◽  
J M Antonini ◽  
H Brismar ◽  
J Lai ◽  
T W Hesterberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microscopic Analysis

Molecular and Microscopic Analysis of Altered Gene Expression in Transgenic and Gene Targeted Mice

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 12-13
Author(s):  
W. K. Jones ◽  
J. Robbins
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Pulmonary Veins ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Mouse Tissue ◽  
Adult Heart ◽  
Heavy Chains ◽  
Altered Gene Expression ◽  
Altered Gene ◽  
Pulmonary Myocardium

Two myosin heavy chains (MyHC) are expressed in the mammalian heart and are differentially regulated during development. In the mouse, the α-MyHC is expressed constitutively in the atrium. At birth, the β-MyHC is downregulated and replaced by the α-MyHC, which is the sole cardiac MyHC isoform in the adult heart. We have employed transgenic and gene-targeting methodologies to study the regulation of cardiac MyHC gene expression and the functional and developmental consequences of altered α-MyHC expression in the mouse.We previously characterized an α-MyHC promoter capable of driving tissue-specific and developmentally correct expression of a CAT (chloramphenicol acetyltransferase) marker in the mouse. Tissue surveys detected a small amount of CAT activity in the lung (Fig. 1a). The results of in situ hybridization analyses indicated that the pattern of CAT transcript in the adult heart (Fig. 1b, top panel) is the same as that of α-MyHC (Fig. 1b, lower panel). The α-MyHC gene is expressed in a layer of cardiac muscle (pulmonary myocardium) associated with the pulmonary veins (Fig. 1c). These studies extend our understanding of α-MyHC expression and delimit a third cardiac compartment.

Research on In Situ Anionic Polymerization of PA6/PI Alloy

2011 ◽  
Vol 295-297 ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
Hong Kai Zhao ◽  
Li Guang Xiao ◽  
Hong Jie Wang
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Infrared Analysis ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
System Temperature ◽  
Lamellar Crystals

High performance trend of plastics has become a hot spot of current research. Select bisphenol A dianhydride and bisphenol A diamine with excellent water resistance as the reactant monomers to obtain anhydride-terminated polyimide with very high molecular weight by two-step polymerization, graft the active radicals of acyl caprolactam using the activity of anhydride and obtain PI modified nylon resin by polymerization.When the system temperature is above 160 °C and the added modifiers are greater than 10%, the system viscosity increases very fast; when the system temperature reaches 140 °C and the added modifiers are at 5%, the system viscosity increases very slowly. It is proved that the reaction in each above step is successful through infrared analysis. The mechanical properties of modified PI nylon increases with the increase of consumption and molecular weight of polyimide, when the molecular weight is selected to be about 8000~10000 and the adding amount is 10wt%~15 wt%, the tensile strength reaches over 85MPa, the notch impact strength is increased to 19.6kJ.m-2 and the elongation at break reaches 18%, which are remarkably better than general engineering plastics.Through microscopic analysis, the molecules of polyimide does not enter crystallization phase of nylon resin, but forms compact lamellar crystals existing in nylon matrix.

scholarly journals Effect of Hydrogen Peroxide at 35% on the Morphology of Enamel and Interference in the De-remineralization Process: An In Situ Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 518-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
AM de Arruda ◽  
PH dos Santos ◽  
RH Sundfeld ◽  
SB Berger ◽  
ALF Briso
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Enamel Surface ◽  
In Situ Study ◽  
Bovine Enamel ◽  
Histologic Changes

SUMMARY This study evaluated the microhardness and histomorphology of bovine enamel when 35% hydrogen peroxide is used. A total of 44 specimens were adapted to removable devices used by 11 individuals subjected to dental caries challenge. A decrease in microhardness was observed for all groups after the cariogenic challenge. Microscopic analysis revealed that fragments subjected to cariogenic challenge associated with bleaching had more intense superficial histologic changes, but the depth of the lesions remained unchanged. It was concluded that 35% hydrogen peroxide enhanced the reduction in hardness and histomorphologic changes in the enamel surface exposed to cariogenic challenge.

Research on Performance of Polyimide In Situ Modification Anionic Polymerization Nylon 6

2014 ◽  
Vol 1052 ◽  
pp. 242-248
Author(s):  
Hong Kai Zhao ◽  
Hong Li Wang
Keyword(s):  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Nylon 6 ◽  
Grafting Reaction ◽  
Lamellar Crystals ◽  
End Capping ◽  
Short Time

Through the polymerization and grafting reaction of bisphenol A dianhydride and bisphenol A diamine, the polyimide activator (PI activator) of acyl caprolactam end capping is obtained and then the anionic in-situ polymerization modified nylon 6 resin is obtained. Viscosity analysis shows that PI consumption is higher than 0.1 (of monomer mass), the reaction temperature is higher than 160°C, the viscosity rises rapidly in a short time and the rapid polymerization molding can be realized; when PI consumption is higher than 0.15 (of monomer mass), the water absorption of matrix resin will be lower than 1.4%; compared with the nylon resin, its water absorption is significantly lowered and its mechanical property is improved greatly; microscopic analysis shows that PI molecules fail to enter the crystalline phase of the nylon 6 and form lamellar crystals in the nylon matrix, which plays a role of enhancement and obstruction; differential thermal analysis shows that PI reduces the melting enthalpy and melting point temperature of nylon 6 resin, which indicates that PI reduces the crystallization capacity of nylon 6.

scholarly journals Technical Note: Determination of the metabolically active fraction of benthic foraminifera by means of Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (FISH)

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 2075-2088 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Borrelli ◽  
A. Sabbatini ◽  
G. M. Luna ◽  
M. P. Nardelli ◽  
T. Sbaffi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Benthic Foraminifera ◽  
Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Technical Note ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Hybridization Technique ◽  
Marine Biota ◽  
Classical Studies

Abstract. Benthic foraminifera are an important component of the marine biota, but protocols for investigating their viability and metabolism are still extremely limited. Classical studies on benthic foraminifera have been based on direct counting under light microscopy. Typically, these organisms are stained with Rose Bengal, which binds proteins and other macromolecules, but does not allow discrimination between viable and recently dead organisms. The fluorescent in situ hybridization technique (FISH) represents a new and useful approach to identify living cells possessing an active metabolism. Our work is the first test of the suitability of the FISH technique, based on fluorescent probes targeting the 18S rRNA, to detect live benthic foraminifera. The protocol was applied on Ammonia group and Miliolids, as well as on agglutinated polythalamous (i.e., Leptohalysis scottii and Eggerella scabra) and soft-shelled monothalamous (i.e., Psammophaga sp. and saccamminid morphotypes) taxa. The results from FISH analyses were compared with those obtained, on the same specimens assayed with FISH, from microscopic analysis of the cytoplasm colour, presence of pigments and pseudopodial activity. Our results indicate that FISH targets only metabolically active foraminifera, and allows discerning from low to high cellular activity, validating the hypothesis that the intensity of the fluorescent signal emitted by the probe is dependent upon the physiological status of cells. These findings support the usefulness of this molecular approach as a key tool for obtaining information on the physiology of living foraminifera, both in field and experimental settings.

Influence of cavity preparation with Er:YAG Laser on enamel adjacent to restorations submitted to cariogenic challenge in situ: A polarized light microscopic analysis

2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 634-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela T. Chimello ◽  
Mônica C. Serra ◽  
Antonio L. Rodrigues ◽  
Jesus D. Pécora ◽  
Silmara A.M. Corona
Keyword(s):  
Er:Yag Laser ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Cavity Preparation ◽  
Light Microscopic Analysis

scholarly journals Effects of keratinocyte growth factor on intra-alveolar surfactant fixed in situ: Quantitative ultrastructural and immunoelectron microscopic analysis

2007 ◽  
Vol 290 (8) ◽  
pp. 974-980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heinz Fehrenbach ◽  
Antonia Fehrenbach ◽  
Erik Dietzel ◽  
Thomas Tschernig ◽  
Norbert Krug ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Keratinocyte Growth Factor ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Alveolar Surfactant

scholarly journals In-Situ and Ex-Situ Phycoremediation Competence of Innate Scenedesmus Sp. On Polluted River Water

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subramani Venkatesan ◽  
Mathiyazhagan Narayanan ◽  
Murugan Prabakaran ◽  
Ponniah Anusha ◽  
Ramalingam Sriniva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Polluted River ◽  
Microalgae Culture

Abstract The present study was aimed to investigate the ex-situ and in-situ phycoremediation efficacy of native Scenedesmus sp. in polluted Thirumanimuthar River water sample. Based on the macroscopic and microscopic analysis the predominant microalgae culture from polluted water was identified as Scenedesmus sp. Most of the physicochemical parameters (EC: 3110.00 micro mho cm-1, turbidity: 17.10 mg L-1, total hardness: 812.00 mg L-1, BOD: 230 mg L-1, and COD: 352 mg L-1) and some minerals such as Ca: 232.00 mg L-1 and Sulfate: 532.00 mg L-1 were crossing the permissible limits. Among three sets of treatments (I, II, & III), 3% in ex-situ (treatment III), and 30% in in-situ (treatment III) were shown a better reduction in physicochemical properties of polluted river water in 14 days of treatment. The in-situ study has shown better pollutants reduction than ex-situ as it reduced BOD & COD 27.83% and 23.30%, respectively. Further, the chloride, sulphate, phosphate, sodium, calcium, and magnesium were reasonably reduced up to 40.00, 43.61, 31.03, 18.75, 70.26, and 33.93%, respectively. The FTIR analysis confirmed that the presence of pollutants absorbing functional groups in dried biomass of Scenedesmus sp. and the SEM analysis image confirmed the absorption of pollutants by resulting in morphology changes of Scenedesmus sp. The results concluded that a significant reduction was found in most tested physicochemical and minerals contents in the treated water through the in-situ study than the ex-situ approach. Through this sustainable phycoremediation strategy, the pollutant reducing Scenedesmus sp. could be used as feedstock for biofuel production.

Wood Preservation Based on In situ Polymerization of Bioactive Monomers. Part 1. Synthesis of Bioactive Monomers, Wood Treatments and Microscopic Analysis

Holzforschung ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 358-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca E. Ibach ◽  
Roger M. Rowell
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Treated Wood ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Wood Preservation ◽  
Tetrabromobisphenol A ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Covalently Bonded ◽  
Acrylate Monomers ◽  
Scanning Electron

Summary In situ polymerization of bioactive monomers was investigated as an alternative to conventional preservative treatments. The results are presented in a series of two papers. In Part 1 of the study, six acrylate monomers with covalently bonded, potentially bioactive moieties were synthesized: (1) pentachlorophenolyl acrylate (PCPA), (2) tributyltin acrylate (TBTA), (3) 8-hydroxyquinolyl acrylate (HQA), (4) 5,7-dibromo-8-hydroxyquinolyl acrylate (DBHQA), (5) diethyl-N1N-bis(acryloxyethyl) aminomethyl phosphonate (Fyrol 6 acrylate, F6A), and (6) tetrabromobisphenol A acrylate (TBBPAA). All of these acrylates, except F6A, were purified. Southern pine sapwood samples were treated with acrylate solutions (except TBBPAA) at different retention levels and various amounts of crosslinker (trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, TMPTM), polymerized in situ, and then acetone leached. The relative amount and location of the polymer in earlywood and latewood of selected samples were determined by scanning electron microscopy and x-ray analysis. Distribution of the compounds varied with treatment. Biological and thermal properties of the treated wood are discussed in Part 2 of this series.

Identification of a Novel Group of Bacteria in Sludge from a Deteriorated Biological Phosphorus Removal Reactor

1999 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 1251-1258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex T. Nielsen ◽  
Wen-Tso Liu ◽  
Carlos Filipe ◽  
Leslie Grady ◽  
Søren Molin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Biological Phosphorus

ABSTRACT The microbial diversity of a deteriorated biological phosphorus removal reactor was investigated by methods not requiring direct cultivation. The reactor was fed with media containing acetate and high levels of phosphate (P/C weight ratio, 8:100) but failed to completely remove phosphate in the effluent and showed very limited biological phosphorus removal activity. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of PCR-amplified 16S ribosomal DNA was used to investigate the bacterial diversity. Up to 11 DGGE bands representing at least 11 different sequence types were observed; DNA from the 6 most dominant of these bands was further isolated and sequenced. Comparative phylogenetic analysis of the partial 16S rRNA sequences suggested that one sequence type was affiliated with the alpha subclass of theProteobacteria, one was associated with theLegionella group of the gamma subclass of theProteobacteria, and the remaining four formed a novel group of the gamma subclass of the Proteobacteria with no close relationship to any previously described species. The novel group represented approximately 75% of the PCR-amplified DNA, based on the DGGE band intensities. Two oligonucleotide rRNA probes for this novel group were designed and used in a whole-cell hybridization analysis to investigate the abundance of this novel group in situ. The bacteria were coccoid and 3 to 4 μm in diameter and represented approximately 35% of the total population, suggesting a relatively close agreement with the results obtained by the PCR-based DGGE method. Further, based on electron microscopy and standard staining microscopic analysis, this novel group was able to accumulate granule inclusions, possibly consisting of polyhydroxyalkanoate, inside the cells.

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