scholarly journals The role of estrogen in turtle sex determination and the effect of PCBs.

1995 ◽  
Vol 103 (suppl 7) ◽  
pp. 73-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Crews ◽  
J M Bergeron ◽  
J A McLachlan
Keyword(s):  
Sex Determination

The dual role of hermaphrodite in the Drosophila sex determination regulatory hierarchy

Development ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Pultz ◽  
B.S. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Sex Determination ◽  
Dosage Compensation ◽  
Regulatory Protein ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
Normal Female ◽  
Female Development ◽  
Salivary Gland Cells ◽  
Maternal Function ◽  
Different Levels

The hermaphrodite (her) locus has both maternal and zygotic functions required for normal female development in Drosophila. Maternal her function is needed for the viability of female offspring, while zygotic her function is needed for female sexual differentiation. Here we focus on understanding how her fits into the sex determination regulatory hierarchy. Maternal her function is needed early in the hierarchy: genetic interactions of her with the sisterless genes (sis-a and sis-b), with function-specific Sex-lethal (Sxl) alleles and with the constitutive allele SxlM#1 suggest that maternal her function is needed for Sxl initiation. When mothers are defective for her function, their daughters fail to activate a reporter gene for the Sxl early promoter and are deficient in Sxl protein expression. Dosage compensation is misregulated in the moribund daughters: some salivary gland cells show binding of the maleless (mle) dosage compensation regulatory protein to the X chromosome, a binding pattern normally seen only in males. Thus maternal her function is needed early in the hierarchy as a positive regulator of Sxl, and the maternal effects of her on female viability probably reflect Sxl's role in regulating dosage compensation. In contrast to her's maternal function, her's zygotic function in sex determination acts at the end of the hierarchy. This zygotic effect is not rescued by constitutive Sxl expression, nor by constitutive transformer (tra) expression. Moreover, the expression of doublesex (dsx) transcripts appears normal in her mutant females. We conclude that the maternal and zygotic functions of her are needed at two distinctly different levels of the sex determination regulatory hierarchy.

scholarly journals Investigating the Role of Beta-Catenin in Sex Determination.

2008 ◽  
Vol 78 (Suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 189-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle M. Maatouk ◽  
Leo DiNapoli ◽  
Makoto M. Taketo ◽  
Blanche Capel
Keyword(s):  
Sex Determination ◽  
Beta Catenin

Role of Root Length & Neck Diameter of Teeth in Sex Determination

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-78
Author(s):  
Pratik Rupakar ◽  
◽  
Jyoti Chawda ◽  
Deepa V. Sommanek ◽  
Mayur Parmar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Determination ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Neck Diameter

scholarly journals Loss of dmrt1 restores zebrafish female fates in the absence of cyp19a1a but not rbpms2a/b

Development ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 147 (18) ◽  
pp. dev190942
Author(s):  
Shannon Romano ◽  
Odelya H. Kaufman ◽  
Florence L. Marlow
Keyword(s):  
Sex Determination ◽  
Somatic Tissue ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
Fate Specification ◽  
Multiple Factors ◽  
Apply Genetic ◽  
Specific Differentiation ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Genetic Epistasis

ABSTRACTSex determination and differentiation is a complex process regulated by multiple factors, including factors from the germline or surrounding somatic tissue. In zebrafish, sex-determination involves establishment of a bipotential ovary that undergoes sex-specific differentiation and maintenance to form the functional adult gonad. However, the relationships among these factors are not fully understood. Here, we identify potential Rbpms2 targets and apply genetic epistasis experiments to decipher the genetic hierarchy of regulators of sex-specific differentiation. We provide genetic evidence that the crucial female factor rbpms2 is epistatic to the male factor dmrt1 in terms of adult sex. Moreover, the role of Rbpms2 in promoting female fates extends beyond repression of Dmrt1, as Rbpms2 is essential for female differentiation even in the absence of Dmrt1. In contrast, female fates can be restored in mutants lacking both cyp19a1a and dmrt1, and prolonged in bmp15 mutants in the absence of dmrt1. Taken together, this work indicates that cyp19a1a-mediated suppression of dmrt1 establishes a bipotential ovary and initiates female fate acquisition. Then, after female fate specification, Cyp19a1a regulates subsequent oocyte maturation and sustains female fates independently of Dmrt1 repression.

Female feticide: the role of national health mission in India

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Arti Sharma ◽  
Sushanta K. Mishra ◽  
Arunava Ghosh ◽  
Tuhin Sengupta
Keyword(s):  
Change Management ◽  
Sex Determination ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Female Child ◽  
The State ◽  
Male Child ◽  
Cultural Dimension ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact

Learning outcomes The learning outcomes are as follows: to understand the cultural and ethical dimensions revolving around the issue of female feticide; to apply the lens of institutional theory with respective change management measures; and to analyze and evaluate the impact of such intervention programs such as Beti Bachao Beti Padhao in the context of emerging economies such as India. Case overview/synopsis This case attempts to highlight the innovative and effective governance approach by the Government of Rajasthan (India) and, in particular, the State Health Assurance Agency to curb the menace of female feticide and the rising cases of abortion and sex determination in an attempt to favor a male child. The case concentrates on mainly three dimensions of Indian societal ecosystem, namely, the grave concern of preference of male child over female child leading to widespread cases of female feticide in different states in India with specific focus on the state of Rajasthan; the role of cultural dimension which primarily drives such preferential treatment in rural and urban areas in India; and the importance of using effective policy measures in monitoring various activities, introduction of incentive schemes to patients for preventing sex determination and promoting the birth of female child. Complexity academic level This case can be used as a teaching material in the Public Policy course – Social Welfare and Health Policy, Policy interventions, organization theory and change management at the Graduate/MBA level. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS 10: Public Sector Management.

Role of mammalian Y chromosome in sex determination

1988 ◽  
Vol 322 (1208) ◽  
pp. 63-72 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Sex Determination ◽  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Sertoli Cell ◽  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Sex Reversal ◽  
Testicular Development ◽  
Chimeric Mouse ◽  
Embryonic Gonad

It has long been assumed that the mammalian Y chromosome either encodes, or controls the production of, a diffusible testis-determining molecule, exposure of the embryonic gonad to this molecule being all that is required to divert it along the testicular pathway. My recent finding that Sertoli cells in XX ↔ XY chimeric mouse testes are exclusively XY has led me to propose a new model in which the Y acts cell-autonomously to bring about Sertoli-cell differentiation. I have suggested that all other aspects of foetal testicular development are triggered by the Sertoli cells without further Y-chromosome involvement. This model thus equates mammalian sex determination with Sertoli-cell determination. Examples of natural and experimentally induced sex reversal are discussed in the context of this model.

scholarly journals Role of autonomous and non-autonomous sex determination signals in sexually dimorphic development of the Drosophila embryonic gonad

2007 ◽  
Vol 306 (1) ◽  
pp. 313 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.R. Crnkovich ◽  
T.J. DeFalco ◽  
S Le Bras ◽  
A.L. Casper ◽  
M.B. Van Doren
Keyword(s):  
Sex Determination ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Embryonic Gonad
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