scholarly journals Origin and Health Impacts of Emissions of Toxic By-Products and Fine Particles from Combustion and Thermal Treatment of Hazardous Wastes and Materials

2006 ◽  
Vol 114 (6) ◽  
pp. 810-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephania A. Cormier ◽  
Slawo Lomnicki ◽  
Wayne Backes ◽  
Barry Dellinger
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Health Impacts ◽  
Hazardous Wastes ◽  
By Products

Bright-Field Images (Ctem) of Phase Objects at High Resolution

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 490-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumio Iijima
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Electron Beam Irradiation ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽  
Good Test ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
Single Crystal Films ◽  
Crystal Films ◽  
By Products ◽  
Test Objects

We have developed a technique to prepare thin single crystal films of graphite for use as supporting films for high resolution electron microscopy. As we showed elsewhere (1), these films are completely noiseless and therefore can be used in the observation of phase objects by CTEM, such as single atoms or molecules as a means for overcoming the difficulties because of the background noise which appears with amorphous carbon supporting films, even though they are prepared so as to be less than 20Å thick. Since the graphite films are thinned by reaction with WO3 crystals under electron beam irradiation in the microscope, some small crystallites of WC or WC2 are inevitably left on the films as by-products. These particles are usually found to be over 10-20Å diameter but very fine particles are also formed on the film and these can serve as good test objects for studying the image formation of phase objects.

scholarly journals Preparation and characterization of activated carbon from sewage sludge: carbonization step

2004 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Rio ◽  
C. Faur-Brasquet ◽  
L. Le Coq ◽  
D. Lecomte ◽  
P. Le Cloirec
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Carbonization Temperature ◽  
Carbon Production ◽  
By Products ◽  
Characterization Of Activated Carbon

Sewage sludges produced from wastewater treatment plants continue to create environmental problems in terms of volume and method of valorization. Thermal treatment of sewage sludge is considered as an attractive method in reducing sludge volume which at the same time produces reusable by-products. This paper deals with the first step of activated carbon production from sewage sludge, the carbonization step. Experiments are carried out on viscous liquid sludge and limed sludge by varying carbonization temperature and heating rate. The results show that carbonized residue properties are interesting for activated carbon production.

Formation of BaCeO3 and its influence on microstructure of sintered/melt-textured Y-Ba-Cu-O oxides with CeO2 addition

1994 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1952-1960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chan-Joong Kim ◽  
Ki-Baik Kim ◽  
Dong-Yeon Won ◽  
Hong-Chul Moon ◽  
Dong-Soo Suhr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Undoped Sample ◽  
Decomposition Stage ◽  
High Anisotropy ◽  
Peritectic Decomposition ◽  
Conventional Sintering ◽  
Melt Texture ◽  
By Products

The formation of BaCeO3 and its effects on microstructure were studied in sintered/melt-textured Y-Ba-Cu-O oxides containing 5 wt. % CeO2 and various amounts of Y2Ba1Cu1O5. The added CeO2 was converted to fine particles of BaCeO3 near 930 °C, which is the conventional sintering temperature for Y-Ba–Cu-O. Y2Ba1Cu1O5 and CuO are formed as by-products of the reaction between CeO2 and Y1Ba2Cu3O7−y phase. The CeO2 addition reduced the particle size of Y2Ba1Cu1O5 which was trapped in the Y1Ba2Cu3O7−y matrix after the melt-texture growth. During the peritectic decomposition stage of Y1Ba2Cu3O7−y phase into Y2Ba1Cu1O5 and liquid phase, the morphology of the decomposed Y2Ba1Cu1O5 was changed from a blocky shape in the undoped sample to an acicular shape of high anisotropy in the CeO2-added sample. The formation of the highly anisotropic Y2Ba1Cu1O5 particles appears to be responsible for the refinement of Y2Ba1Cu1O5 particle after the melt-texture processing.

ELECTRON TRANSPORT PROPERTIES IN FINE-PARTICLE FILMS OF Au EVAPORATED ONTO Si NATIVE OXIDE: THERMAL ANNEALING EFFECTS

1996 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. 1133-1136
Author(s):  
H. KASAHARA ◽  
T. SHIKATA ◽  
K. YAMAMOTO
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transport ◽  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Transport Properties ◽  
Fine Particle ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Native Oxide ◽  
Resistance Increase ◽  
Annealing Effects ◽  
Electron Transport Properties

We investigated electron transport in fine-particle films of Au prepared onto Si native oxide. Electron transport measurements and TEM observations were carried out for as-deposited and after thermal treatment of the films in air. We observed the anomalous resistance increases in as-deposited fine-particle films of Au and obtained α T =4.5. After 150°C thermal treatment in air, however, these anomalous resistance increases in the Au films disappeared and its topography appeared on the TEM images drastically changed into percolative structure. We found that the size of the Au fine particles causes anomalous resistance increase at low temperature.

Health impacts due to personal exposure to fine particles caused by insulation of residential buildings in Europe

2014 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
pp. 213-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Gens ◽  
J. Fintan Hurley ◽  
Jouni T. Tuomisto ◽  
Rainer Friedrich
Keyword(s):  
Fine Particles ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Personal Exposure ◽  
Health Impacts
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