scholarly journals Assessing Exposure and Health Consequences of Chemicals in Drinking Water: Current State of Knowledge and Research Needs

2014 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina M. Villanueva ◽  
Manolis Kogevinas ◽  
Sylvaine Cordier ◽  
Michael R. Templeton ◽  
Roel Vermeulen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Current ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Health Consequences ◽  
Current State

Microbial health-based targets for drinking water: current state and Australian case study

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Christopher EL Owens ◽  
Paul M Byleveld ◽  
Nicholas J Osborne
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Current ◽  
Water Safety ◽  
Current State ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Australian Case ◽  
Safety Of Drinking Water

Through the avoidance of a substantial health burden globally, access to safe drinking water is an important foundation of public health1. An emerging development in this regard is the use of public health metrics, such as disability-adjusted life years, to inform water safety planning2. This paper examines the hypothesis that confidence in the protection of public health, on the part of water suppliers, health regulators, and ultimately consumers is strengthened through the implementation of a health outcome target for the microbial safety of drinking water. A case study demonstrating the implementation of the target is presented.

A Scoping Review of Resilience in Survivors of Human Trafficking

2021 ◽  
pp. 152483802098556
Author(s):  
Logan Knight ◽  
Yitong Xin ◽  
Cecilia Mengo
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
National Origin ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Standardized Measures ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Current State ◽  
Case Files ◽  
Sexual Trafficking

Resilience is critical among survivors of trafficking as they are mostly vulnerable populations who face multiple adversities before, during, and after trafficking. However, resilience in survivors of trafficking is understudied. This scoping review aims to clarify the current state of knowledge, focusing on definitions of resilience, how resilience has been studied, and factors associated with resilience among survivors. Five databases were searched using key words related to trafficking and resilience. Studies were included if they were published in English between 2000 and 2019 and focused on resilience with the study design including at least one of these four features: (a) use of standardized measures of resilience, (b) qualitative descriptions of resilience, (c) participants were survivors or professionals serving survivors, and (d) data sources such as case files or program manuals directly pertained to survivors. Eighteen studies were identified. Findings indicated that resilience was primarily described as emergent from interactions between the survivor and the environment. Resilience in trafficking appeared largely similar to resilience in other kinds of victimization. Nonetheless, trafficking survivors also may display resilience in alternative ways such as refusing treatment. Positive interpersonal relationships were the most commonly mentioned resilience factor. In addition, current research lacks studies featuring longitudinal designs, interventions, participatory methods, types of trafficking other than sexual trafficking, and demographic characteristics such as age, gender, and national origin. Future research needs to establish definitions and measures of resilience that are culturally and contextually relevant to survivors and build knowledge necessary for designing and evaluating resilience-enhancing interventions.

scholarly journals Efektivitas Saringan Abu Sekam Padi untuk Menurunkan Kekeruhan pada Air Sungai Martapura

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 647
Author(s):  
Syarifudin A. ◽  
Imam Santoso
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
River Water ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Preliminary Test ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
The One ◽  
Number Of Bacteria

Abstract: The Effectiveness of Rice Husk Ash Filter to Reduce Turbidity of Martapura River Water. Martapura River water is used by people living on riverbanks for cooking, washing, bathing, and others. The main problem of Martapura river water is the turbidity which is relatively high so it needs to be processed first before use. The preliminary test conducted on August 15, 2016 shows the value of turbidity of Martapura river water at 38.9 NTU. This research was an experimental research with the one group pretest and posttest design which aimed to determine the effectiveness of the filter to reduce the turbidity of Martapura river water. The medium used was rice husk ash with variation of thickness were 13 cm, 26 cm, and 39 cm. The effectiveness of filtration was determined by comparing the turbidity of water filtered with standards. The turbidity of Martapura river water before filtered was 35.7 NTU. After filtered by 13 cm, 26 cm and 39 cm filter, the turbidity of water decreased consecutive to 2.97 NTU, 1.17 NTU, and 0.95 NTU, with decreasing percentages respectively of 91.7%, 96.7% and 97.3%. All filtered water showed turbidity fulfilled both the standar of clean water and drinking water so that rice husk ash filter was effective decreased turbidity of Martapura river water. Filtered water is recommended to be cooked first to boil when used for drinking water because the number of bacteria of Coli has not been studied. Further research needs to be conducted by adding other parameters according to water quality standard

Microplastics in drinking water treatment – Current knowledge and research needs

2019 ◽  
Vol 667 ◽  
pp. 730-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katerina Novotna ◽  
Lenka Cermakova ◽  
Lenka Pivokonska ◽  
Tomas Cajthaml ◽  
Martin Pivokonsky
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Research Needs

Research Agenda for the Application of Visualization to Transportation Systems

2005 ◽  
Vol 1937 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Technology Development ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Training System ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Simulation And Modeling ◽  
Critical Research ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Military ◽  
Economic Imperative

Critical research needs associated with the effective application of visualization to transportation systems projects are identified. Visualization research needs are discussed within a broader, multidisciplinary context of technology development in the areas of simulation and modeling. Parallels are drawn between the current state of the practice in transportation as compared with that in the military–defense and aerospace areas. Some major differences between those areas and transportation systems development and user environments are noted, in particular ( a) the current absence within the transportation community of a strong government research and development focal point for visual simulation and modeling and ( b) the absence of an economic imperative similar to what prompted the defense community to embrace fully these technologies (i.e., fuel shortages, training system costs, and force readiness).

Public Health Consequences of Lead in Drinking Water

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Levallois ◽  
Prabjit Barn ◽  
Mathieu Valcke ◽  
Denis Gauvin ◽  
Tom Kosatsky
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Health Consequences

Environmental Effects of Freshwater Oil Spills

1999 ◽  
Vol 1999 (1) ◽  
pp. 607-612
Author(s):  
Alexis Steen ◽  
David E. Fritz ◽  
William Stubblefield ◽  
Jeffrey Giddings
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Benthic Invertebrates ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
American Petroleum Institute ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Fish Stocks ◽  
Public Drinking Water ◽  
Aquatic Mammals

ABSTRACT A research project was commissioned by the American Petroleum Institute (API) to summarize information on freshwater spill environmental effects. While threats to migrating fish stocks or aquatic mammals may be primary concerns following an ocean spill, adverse effects to benthic invertebrates, reptiles, amphibians, waterfowl, fish hatcheries, shoreline vegetation, or public drinking water intakes may be the focus of a freshwater event. Environmental effects from spilled petroleum constituents and whole oils are discussed. Research needs are identified.

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