scholarly journals Biological and urban environmental variables as correlates of adolescents' physical activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Julio Brugnara Mello ◽  
MIchael Duncan ◽  
Arieli Dias ◽  
Gabriel Bergmann ◽  
Anelise Gaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Environment Variables ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this study was to examine the biological and urban environment variables that associate with physical activity (PA) in adolescents. After this, to examine the interrelationship between biological, urban environment variables and PA in structural equation analysis. This was a cross-sectional study with an adolescents’ randomized sample. Measures included PA (steps per day by pedometers); self-report questionnaire; geographical location; ‘geocoding’ process; and direct observation and cardiorespiratory fitness (by 6-min run test). Linear and binary logistic regression models were tested. In addition, moderation and mediation analysis were tested. The sample consisted of 236 adolescents (61.9% girls) aged 14 to 18 years. The commuting to school was associated with residence distance to school (OR = 6.41; CI95%: 1.01-40.80) and walkability (OR = 1.40; CI95%: 1.02-1.94). The gender moderates the relationship between walkability and commuting to school, association only in girls (OR = 1.72; p < 0.05). The relationship between the use of public spaces and PA was reduced (Δβ = -1320.6 steps/day; p < 0.05) in the presence of cardiorespiratory fitness (mediation effect). In conclusion, adolescents’ PA is associated with the use of public spaces, but this relation is mediated by cardiorespiratory fitness. In addition, PA is associated with commuting to school. This commuting is associated with residence distance to school and walkability just in girls.

scholarly journals The Creative Self-Concept as a Mediator Between Openness to Experience and Creative Behaviour

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 408-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin-Bin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Openness To Experience ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Equation Modelling ◽  
Creative Behaviour ◽  
Creative Self ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThis study examined the mediation effect of creative self-concept on the relationship between Openness to Experience and creative behaviours among university students. Participants in the study completed self-report measures of Openness to Experience, creative behaviours and creative self-concept. Structural equation modelling revealed that, as predicted, Openness to Experience was indirectly related to creative behaviours through creative self-concept. Implications for future research and limitations of the present findings are discussed.

scholarly journals How does academic achievement relate to cardiorespiratory fitness, self-reported physical activity and objectively reported physical activity: a systematic review in children and adolescents aged 6–18 years

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (16) ◽  
pp. 1039-1039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adilson Marques ◽  
Diana A Santos ◽  
Charles H Hillman ◽  
Luís B Sardinha
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
The Relationship

ObjectiveThis report aimed to systematically review the evidence for a differential association between objective and self-reported physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness on academic achievement.DesignSystematic review.Data sourcesStudies were identified from searches in Embase, Education Resources Information Center, PubMed, PsycINFO, SPORTdiscus and Web of Science databases from January 2000 to December 2016.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesEligibility criteria included cross-sectional, longitudinal and interventional study designs. Outcomes included students’ school grade or a standardised test or measure of academic achievement. Explanatory variables were cardiorespiratory fitness and objective and self-reported physical activity. Inclusion criteria included school-aged children and adolescents aged–18 years (or students from primary to secondary school when student’s participants age was not described) and articles published in English, Portuguese or Spanish.ResultsA total of 51 articles met inclusion criteria: 41 cross-sectional, 2 intervention and 8 longitudinal studies. Results from 11 studies were inconsistent regarding the relationship between objectively measured physical activity and academic achievement. Ten of the 16 articles reported positive associations between self-reported physical activity and academic achievement. From the 22 studies that analysed the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and academic achievement, it was verified that they all generally support the beneficial effect of cardiorespiratory fitness on students’ academic achievement.ConclusionHigher cardiorespiratory fitness may be important to enhance children and adolescents’ health and, additionally, academic achievement. Due to a lack of consensus across studies, methodological issues associated with the assessment of physical activity should be considered when investigating physical activity and academic achievement.

scholarly journals A prática de atividade física mediada pelo meio geográfico: a distância entre as moradias e as instalações

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-88
Author(s):  
Dartel Ferrari Lima ◽  
Lohran Anguera Lima ◽  
Bruno Henrique Hoffmann ◽  
Rafael Eduardo Strey ◽  
Maria das Graças Anguera
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Small Cities ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public Facilities ◽  
Accessibility Barriers ◽  
Geographical Environment ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Relationship

OBJETIVO: Identificar comportamento de acesso de usuários a espaços públicos para a prática de atividade física recreativa (AF), considerando o distanciamento das moradias às instalações, bem como, a descrição da prática de diferentes tipos de AF sediados por esses espaços, em particular, a caminhada e a corrida. MÉTODOS: Estudo descritivo, reuniu dados transversais de investigações que exploraram, com metodologia semelhante, aspectos relacionados à acessibilidade às instalações públicas apropriadas para a prática de AF, em municípios de pequeno e médio porte situados na região Oeste do Estado do Paraná (Brasil). RESULTADOS: Foram entrevistados 98 participantes de ambos os sexos; a caminhada foi a opção de 50% dos entrevistados; 65% se deslocavam ativamente aos locais de atividade, sendo que três de cada quatro usuários se deslocavam a pé; o acesso às instalações foi predominantemente passivo para os usuários que residiam a 2 km ou mais de distância, e 80% dos entrevistados informaram residir até 2 km de distância das instalações. CONCLUSÃO: A falta de percepção de potencialidade de espaços possíveis para a prática de AF pode constituir um obstáculo para a adesão. Esta abordagem realça a importância da contextualização territorial dos espaços, dado que a relação entre a AF e o espaço urbano não se confina apenas aos locais especialmente destinados à prática de AF, mas também à sua acessibilidade. ABSTRACT. The practice of physical activity mediated by the geographical environment: accessibility barriers. OBJECTIVE: Identifying access characteristics of users to public spaces for the practice of physical activity (PA), as well as to describe the different types of PA located in these spaces, in particular, walking and running, considering the location and accessibility to the facilities. METHODS: A descriptive study which gathered cross-sectional research data that explored, with the same methodology, aspects related to accessibility to public facilities appropriate to the practice of PA, in medium and small cities located in the West of Paraná (Brazil). RESULTS: Ninety-eight participants of both genders were interviewed; the walk was the option of 50% of the interviewees; 65% were active moving to the activity places, 76% of whom did it on foot; the access to the facilities was predominantly passive for residents 2 km or more away, and 80% of respondents were residing up to 2 km away from the facilities. CONCLUSION: The lack of perception of the potentiality of possible spaces for the practice of PA constitutes an obstacle to the adhesion to recreational PA. This approach emphasizes the importance of the spaces’ territorial contextualization, once the relationship between PA and urban space is not restricted to the sites specifically directed to the practice of PA, but also to its accessibility.

scholarly journals Social and Psychological Factors Associated With Adolescent Physical Activity

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 957-963 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanette M. Garcia ◽  
John R. Sirard ◽  
Ross Larsen ◽  
Meg Bruening ◽  
Melanie Wall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective:The purpose of this study was to examine, using structural equation modeling, the associations between nominated friend physical activity (PA), friend social support with individual PA-related psychological factors, and adolescent PA.Methods:Data were obtained from EAT 2010 (Eating and Activity Among Teens), a large cross-sectional study conducted in 20 middle and high schools. The sample consisted of 1951 adolescents (mean age: 14.25 ± 1.96, 54% female, 68% ethnic minorities). PA, parent and friend social support (perceived social support for PA from parents and friends), and psychological measures (PA enjoyment, PA self-efficacy, and PA barriers) were assessed by self-report questionnaires. The SEM analysis consisted of 1 observed variable: friend PA, and 2 latent constructs: psychological factors, perceived social support.Results:The model was a good fit, indicating that there were significant direct effects of both friend PA (P < .01) and psychological factors (P < .0001) on adolescent PA. In addition, psychological factors mediated the association between friend PA and adolescent PA.Conclusion:The results of this model suggest that psychological factors and friend PA are associated with adolescent PA, and that psychological factors may play an important role. Future studies should further examine the association of both friend PA and psychological variables with adolescent PA.

Academic Achievement and Physical Activity: The Ideal Relationship to Promote a Healthier Lifestyle in Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 525-532
Author(s):  
Sergio Estrada-Tenorio ◽  
José A. Julián ◽  
Alberto Aibar ◽  
José Martín-Albo ◽  
Javier Zaragoza
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Academic Achievement ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Explanatory Models ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Curvilinear Relationship ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

Background: School environment provides several intervention opportunities for physical activity. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between objectively assessed moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and academic achievement in adolescents. Methods: Cross-sectional data were collected from 301 students aged between 13 and 15 years (46.51% boys), enrolled at 7 secondary schools in the city of Huesca (Spain). Participants wore accelerometers during a 7-day period, and their academic achievement was calculated from the average marks of all subjects. Structural equation modeling and quadratic regression analysis were performed to test both linear and nonlinear explanatory models. One-way analysis of variance was also performed to explore the effect of gender and the percentage of compliance with MVPA recommendations. Results: MVPA on weekdays and higher levels of body mass index were negatively associated with academic achievement. According to the curvilinear relationship, those students whose MVPA levels were closer to the daily recommendation were more likely to obtain higher academic achievement. However, a significant association was only shown in the case of boys. Conclusions: Adolescents who satisfy the international recommendations tend to obtain better academic achievement. Therefore, MVPA for adolescents should be prescribed within some beneficial time margins (50–70 min/d).

scholarly journals Physical Activity-Related Health Competence, Physical Activity, and Physical Fitness: Analysis of Control Competence for the Self-Directed Exercise of Adolescents

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Haible ◽  
Carmen Volk ◽  
Yolanda Demetriou ◽  
Oliver Höner ◽  
Ansgar Thiel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Sport Activity ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Competence

(1) Background: Individuals have to effectively manage their physical activity in order to optimize the associated physical and psychological health benefits. Control competence allows the individual to structure and pace physical activity in a health-enhancing way. The concept was developed within a model of physical activity-related health competence, and is related to the concepts of health literacy and physical literacy. Therefore, the study firstly aimed to validate a self-report scale to measure the physical and psychological facets of control competence in adolescents. Secondly, relationships between control competence and its basic elements, knowledge and motivation, as well as between control competence, sport activity, and fitness, were investigated. (2) Methods: In two cross-sectional studies, ninth grade adolescents (study A: n = 794, 51% female; study B: n = 860, 52% female) were tested using self-report scales (study A and B), a test for health-related fitness knowledge (study B), and cardiovascular and muscular fitness tests (study B). (3) Results: Confirmatory factor analyses confirmed the two-factor structure of the self-report scale for control competence in studies A and B. In addition, the results of structural equation modeling in study B showed a relationship between motivation (via control competence) and sport activity, and a relationship between control competence and fitness. (4) Conclusion: The questionnaire extends the ability to assess control competence in adolescents. Moreover the findings support the importance of control competence in order to achieve health benefits through physical activity.

scholarly journals The Mediation Effect of Self–Report Physical Activity Patterns in the Relationship between Educational Level and Cognitive Impairment in Elderly: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Chilean Health National Survey 2016–2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 2619
Author(s):  
Patricio Solis-Urra ◽  
Julio Plaza-Diaz ◽  
Ana Isabel Álvarez-Mercado ◽  
Fernando Rodríguez-Rodríguez ◽  
Carlos Cristi-Montero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Cross Sectional

The aims of this cross-sectional study were (i) to determine the association of educational level attained with cognitive impairment and (ii) to investigate the mediating effect of different self-report physical activity (PA) patterns in a large sample of older Chileans. A sample of 1571 older adults from the National Chilean Survey (2016–2017) was included. The educational level attained, PA levels, mode of commuting, sedentary time, and leisure-time PA were self-reported through validated questionnaires. Cognitive impairment was determined by Mini-Mental State Examination (modified version). Association between educational level attained and cognitive impairment was examined using logistic regression models. Counterfactual mediation models were used to test the mediating effect of self-reported PA patterns. A lower educational level was consistently associated with higher odds of cognitive impairment (OR range 2.846 to 2.266, all p < 0.001), while leisure-time PA was the only PA pattern that partially mediated this association (proportion mediated 8.0%). In conclusion, leisure-time PA was the solely PA pattern that partially mediated the association between the educational level and cognitive impairment. The rest self-reported PA patterns did not modify this association.

scholarly journals Influence of ACE Gene I/D Polymorphism on Cardiometabolic Risk, Maximal Fat Oxidation, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Diet and Physical Activity in Young Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3443
Author(s):  
Adrián Montes-de-Oca-García ◽  
Alejandro Perez-Bey ◽  
Daniel Velázquez-Díaz ◽  
Juan Corral-Pérez ◽  
Edgardo Opazo-Díaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Fat Oxidation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diet And Physical Activity ◽  
Maximal Fat Oxidation ◽  
The Relationship

There is controversy about the relationship between ACE I/D polymorphism and health. Seventy-four healthy adults (n = 28 women; 22.5 ± 4.2 years) participated in this cross-sectional study aimed at determining the influence of ACE I/D polymorphism, ascertained by polymerase chain reaction, on cardiometabolic risk (i.e., waist circumference, body fat, blood pressure (BP), glucose, triglycerides, and inflammatory markers), maximal fat oxidation (MFO), cardiorespiratory fitness (maximal oxygen uptake), physical activity and diet. Our results showed differences by ACE I/D polymorphism in systolic BP (DD: 116.4 ± 11.8 mmHg; ID: 116.7 ± 6.3 mmHg; II: 109.4 ± 12.3 mmHg, p = 0.035) and body fat (DD: 27.3 ± 10.8%; ID: 22.6 ± 9.7%; II: 19.3 ± 7.1%, p = 0.030). Interestingly, a genotype*sex interaction in relativized MFO by lean mass (p = 0.048) was found. The DD polymorphism had higher MFO values than ID/II polymorphisms in men (8.4 ± 3.0 vs. 6.5 ± 2.9 mg/kg/min), while the ID/II polymorphisms showed higher R-MFO values than DD polymorphism in women (6.6 ± 2.3 vs. 7.6 ± 2.6 mg/kg/min). In conclusion, ACE I/D polymorphism is apparently associated with adiposity and BP, where a protective effect can be attributed to the II genotype, but not with cardiorespiratory fitness, diet and physical activity. Moreover, our study highlighted that there is a sexual dimorphism in the influence of ACE I/D gene polymorphism on MFO.

scholarly journals The Moderating Role of Sociodemographic Factors in the Relationship between Physical Activity and Subjective Well-Being in Chilean Children and Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (21) ◽  
pp. 11190
Author(s):  
Sergio Fuentealba-Urra ◽  
Andrés Rubio-Rivera ◽  
Mònica González-Carrasco ◽  
Juan Carlos Oyanedel ◽  
Cristian Céspedes-Carreno
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

Background: The relationship between physical activity habits and well-being is widely recognized; however, the interaction that these variables have with sociodemographic factors throughout life is only partially addressed in the literature, particularly in children and adolescents. The aim of this article is to analyze the moderating effect of sociodemographic factors and the possible interaction of these moderations in the relationship between physical activity and subjective well-being in children and adolescents. Methods: This cross-sectional study considered a sample of 9572 children and adolescents from 10 to 19 years of age, students of primary and secondary schools in all regions of Chile. Subjective well-being and physical activity habits were measured using self-report questionnaires. Socioeconomic level was established from the school vulnerability index (SVI) of each student’s school. Results: Simple moderation analyses revealed that the higher the age and the lower the SVI, the stronger the relationship between physical activity habits and subjective well-being. From a double moderation analysis, it could be observed that the age of the subjects is the most relevant moderator in the relationship between physical activity habits and perceived well-being in young people. Conclusions: This study highlights the importance of considering these factors and their interaction when generating programs or public policies to improve physical activity habits and well-being in children and adolescents.

The mediating role of attachment and mentalising in the relationship between childhood trauma, self-harm and suicidality

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Stagaki ◽  
Tobias Nolte ◽  
Peter Fonagy ◽  
Janet Feigenbaum ◽  
Brooks King-Casas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Psychosocial Interventions ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Self Report ◽  
General Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
The Relationship

Although the relationship between childhood trauma, self-harm and suicidality is well-established, less is known about the mediating mechanisms explaining it. Based on a developmental mentalisation-based theoretical framework, childhood adversity compromises mentalising ability and attachment security, which in turn increase vulnerability to later stressors in adulthood. This study aimed, thus, to investigate the role of attachment and mentalising as potential mechanisms in this relationship. In a cross-sectional design, 907 adults from clinical and community settings completed self-report questionnaires on retrospectively rated childhood trauma, and current attachment to the romantic partner, mentalising, self-harm, suicidal ideation and attempt. Structural equation modelling was used to examine the data and childhood trauma was conceptualised as a general factor in a confirmatory bifactor model. The results showed that childhood trauma was both directly associated with self-harm and suicidality and indirectly via the pathways of attachment and mentalising. These findings indicate that insecure attachment and impaired mentalising partially explain the association between childhood trauma, self-harm and suicidality. Clinically, they provide support for the potential of mentalisation-based therapy or other psychosocial interventions that aim to mitigate the risk of self-harm and suicidality among individuals who have experienced childhood maltreatment via increasing understanding of self and other mental states.

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