Erection of the Knowledge Economy : A Strong Development Potential for Industrialized Countries and a Perspective for Developing Countries

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Fridhi , Bechir Musbah
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Development Potential

The Knowledge Economy as a Development Potential for Industrialized Countries and a Perspective for Developing Countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 21-37
Author(s):  
Fredj Fhima ◽  
Walid Trabelsi
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Education System ◽  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
Oecd Countries ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Development Potential ◽  
Knowledge Based

Based on a panel of 51 countries (22 developed and 29 developing) for a period from 2002 to 2012, this study develops a number of indicators and indexes to compare these two groups of countries according to their knowledge economy content. Results show that in OECD countries, knowledge plays a central role in economic performance and growth. These countries have managed to convert knowledge to ability; they are called knowledge-based economies. Developing countries, although they use knowledge, only few of them are regarded as knowledge-based. The success of a strategy of building the knowledge economy requires investments in knowledge which translates into expenditures on research and development and a strong education system.

Competition Policy for the New Era

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Competition Policy ◽  
Competition Law ◽  
Critical Discussion ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Collective Wisdom ◽  
Brics Countries ◽  
Law And Policy ◽  
The World

This book presents a new stage in the contributions of the BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) to the development of Competition Law and policy. These countries have significant influence in their respective regions and in the world. The changing global environment means greater political and economic role for the BRICS and other emerging countries. BRICS countries are expected to contribute nearly half of all global gross domestic product growth by 2020. For more than a century, the path of Competition Law has been defined by the developed and industrialized countries of the world. Much later, developing countries and emerging economies came on the scene. They experience many of the old competition problems, but they also experience new problems, and experience even the old problems differently. Where are the fora to talk about Competition Law and policy fit for developing and emerging economies? The contributors in this book are well-known academic and practising economists and lawyers from both developed and developing countries. The chapters begin with a brief introduction of the topic, followed by a critical discussion and a conclusion. Accordingly, each chapter is organized around a central argument made by its author(s) in relation to the issue or case study discussed. These arguments are thoughtful, precise, and very different from each another. Each chapter is written to be a valuable freestanding contribution to our collective wisdom. The set of case studies as a whole helps to build a collection of different perspectives on competition policy.

The awakening information needs of the developing countries

1979 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 285-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bjorn V. Tell
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Information Services ◽  
Information Network ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Online Systems ◽  
The Awakening ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Centres Of Excellence

The developing countries arc emulating the industrialized countries when setting up information services to cater for their information needs. However, the traditional infrastruc ture of service organisations may not be the best model for supporting easy and speedy access to information. A different approach is argued, founded upon the enthusiasm with which many developing countries have taken to online systems when demonstrated there. A model for a ministerial information network is proposed as part of a "social intel ligence function" of the country. It is proposed that Unesco and UNIDO should set up regional "centres of excellence" according to this model for developing countries.

Malaysian Knowledge Society and the Global Knowledge Gap

2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans-Dieter Evers
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
Knowledge Society ◽  
New Economy ◽  
Knowledge Development ◽  
Natural Phenomenon ◽  
Knowledge Gap ◽  
Global Knowledge ◽  
Industrialised Countries

Knowledge has been widely recognised as the most important factor of production in a "new economy". The production, dissemination and utilisation of knowledge are therefore essential for development. Some countries, Malaysia among others, have embarked on an ambitious plan to use knowledge as a base for economic development, by-passing earlier stages of industrialisation. Some commentators have, in contrast, asserted "that it is doubtful that the knowledge revolution will let developing countries leapfrog to higher levels of development" as "the knowledge economy will actually expand the gap between rich and poor" (Persaud, 2001:108). The paper discusses this controversy by arguing that the knowledge-gap (k-gap) is in fact a precondition for development. It is, however, no natural phenomenon but it is constructed by experts and governments. Socio-economic indicators are used to show that the existing global knowledge gap is widening between Southeast Asia and the OECD countries and within ASEAN. Malaysia, whose government has pursued a vigorous strategy of knowledge development is moving ahead of other ASEAN nations, but falling behind industrialised countries. Factors explaining the situation are outlined in this article.

scholarly journals Manually operated pile driver for use in the south Iraqi Marshlands

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (2s) ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo Monti ◽  
Giuseppe Rossi ◽  
Stefano Simonini ◽  
Francesco Sorbetti Guerri ◽  
Matteo Barbari
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Energy Availability ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
The South ◽  
Natural Materials ◽  
Pile Driver ◽  
Floating Pier

Anthropizations are necessary to implement the maintenance, recovery and utilization of wetlands. These interventions should be sustainable in every sense, in particular they should be marked by a low environmental impact. In general this aim can be achieved by using natural materials and carrying out procedures minimally invasive. In Developing Countries the latter point is often supported by the lack of equipment and energy availability, normally obtainable in Industrialized Countries. In practice, to build micro-infrastructures with the above said characteristics, it is normally necessary to drive poles, in our case in wood, in marshland’s soil. In order to accomplish this task a manually operated pile driver was designed and built. To operate in the water, a floating pier consisting of removable modular elements was also designed.

Foreign nurse recruitment

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Christine Delucas
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
International Treaty ◽  
Ethical Implications ◽  
Industrialized Nations ◽  
Healthcare Crisis ◽  
Source Countries ◽  
Foreign Nurse

Recruitment of nurses by industrialized nations from developing countries has been common practice for decades. Globalization, a crucial trend of the 21st century, raises the world’s awareness of the economic and social disparities between nations. The direct impact on nurse emigration emphasizes the ethical, economic, and social inequalities between source and destination countries. It is often more cost-effective for industrialized countries to recruit from developing countries; however, the depletion of source country resources has created a global healthcare crisis. Destination countries are being challenged on the ethical implications of aggressive recruitment and their lack of developing a sustainable self-sufficient domestic workforce. Similarly, source countries are confronting the same challenges as they struggle to fund and educate adequate numbers of nurses for domestic needs and emigrant replacement. This article will review the ethical, economic, and social impacts of continued unrestricted international recruitment of nurses and present a proposal for development of an international treaty addressing global sustainability.

scholarly journals Retrospective and Prospective Look at Aflatoxin Research and Development from a Practical Standpoint

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noreddine Benkerroum
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Technical Information ◽  
Aflatoxin Production ◽  
Health Protection ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Development Environment ◽  
Regulatory Standards ◽  
Practical Standpoint

Among the array of structurally and toxicologically diverse mycotoxins, aflatoxins have attracted the most interest of scientific research due to their high toxicity and incidence in foods and feeds. Despite the undeniable progress made in various aspects related to aflatoxins, the ultimate goal consisting of reducing the associated public health risks worldwide is far from being reached due to multiplicity of social, political, economic, geographic, climatic, and development factors. However, a reasonable degree of health protection is attained in industrialized countries owing to their scientific, administrative, and financial capacities allowing them to use high-tech agricultural management systems. Less fortunate situation exists in equatorial and sub-equatorial developing countries mainly practicing traditional agriculture managed by smallholders for subsistence, and where the climate is suitable for mould growth and aflatoxin production. Accordingly, it is difficult to harmonize the regulatory standards of aflatoxins worldwide, which prevents agri-foods of developing countries from access to the market of industrialized countries. To tackle the multi-facetted aflatoxin problems, actions should be taken collectively by the international community involving scientific research, technological and social development, environment protection, etc. International cooperation should foster technology transfer and exchange of pertinent technical information. This review presents the main historical discoveries leading to our present knowledge on aflatoxins and the challenges that should be addressed presently and in the future at various levels to ensure higher health protection for everybody. In short, it aims to elucidate where we come from and where we should go in terms of aflatoxin research/development.

scholarly journals Migration and Its Impact on Sustainable Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Muslih Faozanudin ◽  
Shainima Islam
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
International Migration ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Population Mobility ◽  
Least Developed Countries ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
The Impact

People’s mobility and international migration are quite interesting phenomena to discuss. Until now, there are still differences in views between industrialized countries and developing countries regarding the contribution of migration to development for both sending and receiving countries. This paper aims to analyze based on existing secondary data the linkage between migration and sustainable development. For analysis, this study uses a descriptive approach, with secondary data as the primary source. The analysis found that both sending and receiving countries - benefited from population mobility and international migration. The least developed countries in the economy and overall infrastructure are supplying countries for this migration process, and increasing remittances and skilled workers to help other countries. Although it is realized that this condition is the impact of the weak economic system of developing countries on the one hand and the demographic that occur in advanced industrialized countries on the other. To maintain the stability of the supply chain for economic development, international migration is included as one of the sustainable development programs that apply more humane values. Therefore, migrants should be seen as potential contributors to the growth of sending and receiving countries, and some even claim that they are heroes of foreign exchange. Keywords:  migration, remmitance, sustainable development Mobilitas masyarakat dan migrasi internasional merupakan fenomena yang cukup menarik untuk dibahas. sampai saat ini masih terdapat perbedaan pandangan antara negara industri dan negara berkembang, tentang  kontribusi migrasi terhadap  pembangunan, baik  bagi negara yang asal migrant maupun bagi negara penerima. Makalah ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis berdasarkan data sekunder yang ada mengenai keterkaitan antara migrasi dan pembangunan berkelanjutan. Untuk analisis, penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif, dengan data sekunder sebagai sumber primer. Hasil analisis menemukan bahwa kedua negara-negara pengirim dan penerima - mendapat manfaat dari mobilitas penduduk dan migrasi internasional. Negara-negara kurang berkembang dalam ekonomi dan infrastruktur secara keseluruhan menjadi negara pemasok untuk proses migrasi ini, dan meningkatkan pengiriman uang dan pekerja terampil untuk membantu negara lain. Meskipun disadari bahwa kondisi ini merupakan dampak dari lemahnya sistem perekonomian negara berkembang di satu sisi dan faktor demografi dan kesuburan yang terjadi di negara industri maju di sisi lain. Untuk menjaga stabilitas rantai pasokan pembangunan ekonomi, migrasi internasional dimasukkan sebagai salah satu program pembangunan berkelanjutan yang menerapkan nilai-nilai yang lebih manusiawi. Oleh karena itu, para migran harus dilihat sebagai kontributor potensial bagi pertumbuhan negara pengirim dan penerima,  bahkan ada yang mengklaim bahwa mereka adalah sebagai pahlawan devisa. Kata kunci:  migrasi, pembangunan berkelanjutan, remiten

University Teachers' Use of Digital Technologies

2017 ◽  
pp. 686-702
Author(s):  
Daariimaa Marav ◽  
Michelle Espinoza
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
Digital Literacy ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Literacy Practices ◽  
Academic Staff ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
University Teachers ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Complex Relationships

This chapter is set in the context of two developing countries, Mongolia and Chile, where digital technology is seen as a powerful icon of the knowledge economy. The predominant and common discourses surrounding the uses of digital technologies in education in these developing countries usually assume rather celebratory stances of the roles digital technologies may perform in education in the digital age. Thus, the research reported here explores the realities, opportunities, and challenges that academic staff face when using digital technologies through the perspectives offered by the field of digital literacy studies. The findings illustrate the close and complex relationships between sociocultural contexts, beliefs, values, and digital literacy practices. The study suggests that more attention needs to be paid to the wider contexts affecting the digital practices around teaching and learning rather than to technologies per se.

Managing the Recycling Business in Istanbul

2017 ◽  
pp. 205-226
Author(s):  
Nuray Cakirli ◽  
Aytug Sozuer
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Waste Management Policy ◽  
Inclusive Approach ◽  
Waste Pickers

The global waste market is estimated at US$410 billion a year and growing, while only 25 per cent of total waste is known as recovered and recycled. Besides, this figure does not include the informal segment in which around 20 million people work as waste pickers in developing countries. Solid waste management policy and recycling practices differ among certain parts of the world to a large extent. Industrialized countries generally have formal and automated waste management systems, whereas developing countries rely on the informal sector. In Istanbul, which is one of the few megacities in the world appear to be at the crossroad of a policy choice. Authorities will either privatize the recycling business for large firms or try to follow more inclusive approach for more than 100,000 waste pickers in the city. Based on the literature, this study will review the formal waste management systems and describe the integration of informal recycling sector in particular world regions that may have policy implications for Istanbul.

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