نموذج مقترح لتحليل انحرافات التكاليف في ظل مدخل محاسبة استهلاك الموارد RCA مع التطبيق على إحدى المستشفيات السعودية = A Proposed Model for Analyzing the Cost Deviations, Using RCA (Resource Consumption Accounting) Approach with Application on a Saudi Hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-294
Author(s):  
النافع ، فهد بن سليمان محمد ◽  
أبو عمارة ، مصطفى محمد جمعة إسماعيل
Keyword(s):  
Resource Consumption ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
The Cost

scholarly journals An Optimized Mathematical Model for Items Supplies Planning of a Logistic System

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ali Nasiri Khalili ◽  
Mostafa Kafaei Razavi ◽  
Morteza Kafaee Razavi
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Logistics System ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Multiple Objective Decision Making ◽  
System Requirements ◽  
Purchasing Logistics ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Mathematical Model ◽  
First Time

Items supplies planning of a logistic system is one of the major issue in operations research. In this article the aim is to determine how much of each item per month from each supplier logistics system requirements must be provided. To do this, a novel multi objective mixed integer programming mathematical model is offered for the first time. Since in logistics system, delivery on time is very important, the first objective is minimization of time in delivery on time costs (including lack and maintenance costs) and the cost of purchasing logistics system. The second objective function is minimization of the transportation supplier costs. Solving the mathematical model shows how to use the Multiple Objective Decision Making (MODM) can provide the ensuring policy and transportation logistics needed items. This model is solved with CPLEX and computational results show the effectiveness of the proposed model.

Mathematical Modeling and Analysis of Covid-19 Infection spreads in India with Restricted Optimal Treatment on Disease Incidence

BIOMATH ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 2106147
Author(s):  
Debkumar Pal ◽  
D Ghosh ◽  
P K Santra ◽  
G S Mahapatra
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Objective Function ◽  
Reproduction Number ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Treatment Control ◽  
Modeling And Analysis ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Disease Free ◽  
The Basic Reproduction Number

This paper presents the current situation and how to minimize its effect in India through a mathematical model of infectious Coronavirus disease (COVID-19). This model consists of six compartments to population classes consisting of susceptible, exposed, home quarantined, government quarantined, infected individuals in treatment, and recovered class. The basic reproduction number is calculated, and the stabilities of the proposed model at the disease-free equilibrium and endemic equilibrium are observed. The next crucial treatment control of the Covid-19 epidemic model is presented in India's situation. An objective function is considered by incorporating the optimal infected individuals and the cost of necessary treatment. Finally, optimal control is achieved that minimizes our anticipated objective function. Numerical observations are presented utilizing MATLAB software to demonstrate the consistency of present-day representation from a realistic standpoint.

scholarly journals A Scorecard to Detect Financial Leverage Profitability

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 244
Author(s):  
Laura Broccardo ◽  
Luisa Tibiletti ◽  
Pertti Vilpas
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Cost Of Debt ◽  
Corporate Management ◽  
External Financing ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Financial Decisions ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
The Cost

This study investigates how balancing internal and external financing sources can create economic value. We set a financial scorecard, consisting of the Cost of Debt (COD), Return on Investment (ROI), and the Cost of Equity (COE). We show that COE should be a cap for COD and a floor for ROI in order to increase the Net Present Value at Weighted Average Cost of Capital and the Adjusted Present Value of the levered investment. However, leverage should be carefully monitored if COD and ROI go off the grid. Situations where leverage has the opposite effect on value creation and the Equity Internal Rate of Return are also discussed. Illustrative examples are given. The proposed model aims to help corporate management in financial decisions.

The Finnish Climate Change Act: Architecture, Functions, and Challenges

Climate Law ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 301-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismo Pölönen
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Policy ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Dynamic Features ◽  
Policy Choices ◽  
Legal Implications ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Term Energy ◽  
Public Scrutiny ◽  
The Cost

The article examines the key features and functions of the proposed Finnish Climate Change Act (fcca). It also analyses the legal implications of the Act and the qualities and factors which may limit its effectiveness. The paper argues that, despite its weak legal implications, the fcca would provide the regulatory preconditions for higher-quality climate policy-making in Finland, and it has the capacity to play an important role in national climate policy. The fcca would deliver regulatory foundations for systematic and integrated climate policy-making, also enabling wide public scrutiny. The proposed model leaves room for manifold climate-policy choices in varying societal and economical contexts. The cost of dynamic features is the relalow predictability in terms of sectorial paths on emission reductions. Another relevant challenge relates to the intended preparation of overlapping mid-term energy and climate plans with instruments of the fcca.

Proposed model of all optical reversible and irreversible modules on a single photonic circuit

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritvik Shukla ◽  
Salini Bose ◽  
Shubham Shukla ◽  
Kamal Kishor Upadhyay ◽  
Nikhlesh Kumar Mishra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extinction Ratio ◽  
Data Communication ◽  
Electrical Signal ◽  
Optical Channel ◽  
Nonlinear Properties ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Photonic Circuit ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Audio Video ◽  
Logic Unit

AbstractIn the current era of data communication everyone deals with the huge amount of data in form of text, audio, video and different other formats in which everyone want a secure and higher bandwidth channel to transmit and receive so, only the optical channel provides the solution of above said problem. The only difficulty with the existing model that the data from electrical domain first converted in form of light (optical domain) at the transmission end while after receiving the data at the receiver end it will be further converted in form of electrical signal for extracting the message. This type of conversion from one domain to other gives the energy loss. In the current research article, we proposed a model of optical processor which transmit and receive the data without conversion which provides an energy efficient optical technology. By adding reversibility, heat bender can be further reduced. In this manuscript, an arithmetical logic unit has been created, a photonic reversible complete subtractor and an irregular logic portal. SOA-MZI structure is the basic component of the architecture. The method is mainly carried out by the semiconductor Amplifier, using nonlinear properties such as cross-gain modulation and cross-phase modulation. The efficiency deciding factor for the whole system is 21.23 and 53.27 dB in the average extinction ratio. The cost of the arithmetic logic unit optically constructed is 9.

Smart Grid-Integrated Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Isa S. Qamber ◽  
Mohamed Y. Alhamad
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Charging Infrastructure ◽  
Electric Vehicle Charging ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Rotary Motors ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Efficiency And Reliability

The movements for any type of electric vehicle (EV) can be powered by wheels or driven by rotary motors. EVs derive their power from various sources, including fossil fuels. In the long term, reducing the cost of electrically powered vehicles (EDV) is seen as an essential ingredient to increase consumer acceptance. In addition, it aims to reduce the weight and volume of EDV. Moreover, the focus is on improving the performance, efficiency, and reliability of the EDV. The development of innovative modules is important when the acceleration of production and marketing needs to be improved. Consumers are looking for the production and transmission of electrical energy. This contributes to a greener environment. One of the most important parts of an EV is its battery. A proposed model presented in this chapter considers several parameters: solar radiation (PV panels), EV backup battery, and main charger. The model allows energy storage to be developed efficiently.

Pricing Commuter, Intercity, and Freight Trains in a Terminal Railway Context: An Approach

2003 ◽  
Vol 1825 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Bryan K. Bertie
Keyword(s):  
Cost Model ◽  
Resource Consumption ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Work Effort ◽  
Capital Costs ◽  
Recovery System ◽  
Link Cost ◽  
Sharing Responsibility ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Cross Subsidization

The cost-of-service (or fully allocated cost) pricing model has been criticized in the economics literature. The criticisms generally focus on the issues of cross-subsidization problems from using average costs and economically inefficient pricing. A fully allocated cost model, applied to a terminal railroad setting, is presented that can substantively overcome these criticisms by using a resource consumption approach for key cost drivers. A successful implementation of a new cost recovery system in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, is used that applies these resource consumption concepts. A necessary precondition to this approach is the charting of the classes of traffic (commuter, intercity, and freight) into operated-track segmented paths, each of which consists of a set of one or more track links. Each traffic class path is characterized as either consisting of sole-use links, joint-use links, or a combination thereof. Operating and capital costs directly attributable to the track links are calculated. A reverse engineering work-effort-per-activity approach is used for assigning the total routine maintenance of way and maintenance of signals budget dollars to the terminal track links. The resource consumption approach provides a logical framework and analytical platform for analyzing link infrastructure complexity; system, path, and link capacity; path and link cost performance; and path and link renewal and replacement capital planning and capital sharing responsibility.

scholarly journals Optimal Planning for the Development of Power System in Respect to Distributed Generations Based on the Binary Dragonfly Algorithm

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. 4795
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hossein Kakueinejad ◽  
Azim Heydari ◽  
Mostafa Askari ◽  
Farshid Keynia
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Network ◽  
Planning Problem ◽  
Distributed Generations ◽  
Dragonfly Algorithm ◽  
Expansion Planning ◽  
Optimal Network ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Solution Methods ◽  
Planning Methods ◽  
The Cost

With the increasing number of population and the rising demand for electricity, providing safe and secure energy to consumers is getting more and more important. Adding dispersed products to the distribution network is one of the key factors in achieving this goal. However, factors such as the amount of investment and the return on the investment on one side, and the power grid conditions, such as loss rates, voltage profiles, reliability, and maintenance costs, on the other hand, make it more vital to provide optimal annual planning methods concerning network development. Accordingly, in this paper, a multilevel method is presented for optimal network power expansion planning based on the binary dragonfly optimization algorithm, taking into account the distributed generation. The proposed objective function involves the minimization of the cost of investment, operation, repair, and the cost of reliability for the development of the network. The effectiveness of the proposed model to solve the multiyear network expansion planning problem is illustrated by applying them on the 33-bus distribution network and comparing the acquired results with the results of other solution methods such as GA, PSO, and TS.

scholarly journals An IoT Smart Broiler Farming Model for Low Income Farmers

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Hazael Phiri ◽  
Douglas Kunda ◽  
Jackson Phiri
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Cost Model ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Climate Control ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Zigbee Protocol ◽  
Gsm Network ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Broiler House

<p class="Abstract"><span lang="EN-US">The coming of Internet of things (IoT) brings opportunities for the deploying of wireless sensor networks. One area of deployment is smart poultry farming to improve the quality and security of chicken varieties that include broilers. The quality of broilers produced is dependent on the environment in which the broilers are kept. In addition, the revenue of the farmer is guaranteed if theft of stock is prevented. The current methods farmers use are labour intensive and time consuming as they are manual. Leveraging the features of IoT and sensors can help to monitor the environment and ensure adverse conditions are reported for farmers to take action before they harm the livestock. Incorporating intruder detection when monitoring conditions in the environment can also prevent stock theft and that can increase the income obtained by farmers. For such a system to be widely adopted by low income farmers, the cost should be low compared commercially available climate control systems that are meant for commercial farmers. The system should also provide ease of use for less technically skilled farmers, reduce the time taken by farmers to take action in controlling theft and conditions in the environment and be accessible from any location other than the broiler house. In this paper, we propose a low-cost model that can be used to monitor conditions in the environment of a broiler house and send the values to the farmer in real-time. The proposed model is based on open source microcontrollers, ZigBee protocol, GSM network, mobile applications and cloud computing. </span></p>

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