Study of the Effect of LHRH Analogue in Autistic Children and Adolescents : Diagnostic and Therapeutic Implications

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 273-286
Author(s):  
Amira I. Hamed ◽  
Rasha T. Hamza ◽  
Farida M. El Baz ◽  
Amel A. El Faramawy ◽  
Sally S. Zahra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Lhrh Analogue

scholarly journals Reduced differentiation of emotion-associated bodily sensations in autism

Autism ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 136236132098795
Author(s):  
Eleanor R Palser ◽  
Alejandro Galvez-Pol ◽  
Clare E Palmer ◽  
Ricci Hannah ◽  
Aikaterini Fotopoulou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
The Body ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Autistic People ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Future Work

Differences in understanding emotion in autism are well-documented, although far more research has considered how being autistic impacts an understanding of other people’s emotions, compared to their own. In neurotypical adults and children, many emotions are associated with distinct bodily maps of experienced sensation, and the ability to report these maps is significantly related to the awareness of interoceptive signals. Here, in 100 children who either carry a clinical diagnosis of autism ( n = 45) or who have no history of autism ( n = 55), we investigated potential differences in differentiation across autistic children’s bodily maps of emotion, as well as how such differentiation relates to the processing of interoceptive signals. As such, we measured objective interoceptive performance using the heartbeat-counting task, and participants’ subjective experience of interoceptive signals using the child version of the Body Perception Questionnaire. We found less differentiation in the bodily maps of emotion in autistic children, but no association with either objective or subjective interoceptive processing. These findings suggest that, in addition to previously reported differences in detecting others’ emotional states, autistic children have a less differentiated bodily experience of emotion. This does not, however, relate to differences in interoceptive perception as measured here. Lay abstract More research has been conducted on how autistic people understand and interpret other people’s emotions, than on how autistic people experience their own emotions. The experience of emotion is important however, because it can relate to difficulties like anxiety and depression, which are common in autism. In neurotypical adults and children, different emotions have been associated with unique maps of activity patterns in the body. Whether these maps of emotion are comparable in autism is currently unknown. Here, we asked 100 children and adolescents, 45 of whom were autistic, to color in outlines of the body to indicate how they experienced seven emotions. Autistic adults and children sometimes report differences in how they experience their internal bodily states, termed interoception, and so we also investigated how this related to the bodily maps of emotion. In this study, the autistic children and adolescents had comparable interoception to the non-autistic children and adolescents, but there was less variability in their maps of emotion. In other words, they showed more similar patterns of activity across the different emotions. This was not related to interoception, however. This work suggests that there are differences in how autistic people experience emotion that are not explained by differences in interoception. In neurotypical people, less variability in emotional experiences is linked to anxiety and depression, and future work should seek to understand if this is a contributing factor to the increased prevalence of these difficulties in autism.

Some General Considerations about the Clinicopathologic Aspects of Soft Tissue Tumors in Children and Adolescents

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 11-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl M. Coffin ◽  
Rita Alaggio ◽  
Louis P. Dehner
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Soft Tissue Tumors ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Classification Approach ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Important Group ◽  
Pathologic Staging ◽  
Histopathologic Features

Soft tissue tumors in children and adolescents are an important group of neoplasms, pseudoneoplasms, and tumefactive malformations with some distinctive clinicopathologic, genetic, syndromic, and therapeutic implications. In addition to the basic pathologic examination, there is the availability of diagnostic adjuncts in various settings based upon the histopathologic features that facilitate and/or corroborate a diagnosis. Immunohistochemistry, cytogenetics, molecular genetics, and an ever-increasing array of new technologies are available to address specific diagnostic questions and even potential therapeutic strategies. This review focuses upon some of the unique aspects of soft tissue tumors in children, including the classification, approach to the diagnosis, grading, clinical and pathologic staging, therapy-related changes, pathogenesis, and risk factors.

The effectiveness of physical activity interventions on communication and social functioning in autistic children and adolescents: A meta-analysis of controlled trials

Autism ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 136236132097764
Author(s):  
John SY Chan ◽  
Kanfeng Deng ◽  
Jin H Yan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Physical Activity Interventions

Difficulty with communication and social functioning are two outstanding core symptoms of autism spectrum disorder, and physical activity has long been suggested to improve autism spectrum disorder symptoms. In this meta-analysis of controlled trials, we examined the effects of physical activity interventions compared to controls on communication and social functioning in autistic children and adolescents. Included studies are published articles in English with autism spectrum disorder participants younger than 18 years. Literature search was conducted on MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and related databases through 6 May 2020. Quality of study was assessed with the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool regarding randomization, allocation concealment, blinding, attrition, and selective reporting. We included 12 controlled trials ( N = 350) with communication outcomes ( k = 8) and/or social functioning outcomes ( k = 11). Results show small to moderate intervention benefits on communication (standardized mean change = 0.27, 95% confidence interval (0.06, 0.48)) and social functioning (standardized mean change = 0.39, 95% confidence interval (0.15, 0.63)), but the result for social functioning may be susceptible to publication bias. Better intervention outcomes are observed in younger participants, suggesting the importance of early participation. This study shows the benefits of physical activity interventions, and they could be considered a cost-effective means for autism spectrum disorder management in the future. Lay abstract Difficulty with communication and social functioning are two outstanding core symptoms of autism spectrum disorder, while there is no efficacious pharmacologic treatment available to deal with them. Traditional behavioral therapies usually require specialist therapist and be conducted in specific settings, increasing burdens on families and individuals with autism. Physical activity has long been found to promote physical and mental well-beings, and it is more affordable and versatile than traditional therapies. There is preliminary support for the use of physical activity interventions to improve communication and social functioning in individuals with autism. In this study, we quantitatively aggregate data from existing controlled trials to provide an up-to-date inquiry into the effectiveness of physical activity interventions on communication and social functioning in autistic children and adolescents. We included 12 trials involving 350 participants (8 trials reported communication outcomes and 11 trials reported social functioning outcomes) and found small to moderate benefits on communication and social functioning. Further analyses showed that the benefit of physical activity interventions is greater in younger participants. Results of this study suggest that physical activity interventions are effective to improve communication and social functioning in autistic children and adolescents, and early participation in the interventions can be more beneficial. Given their affordability, versatility, and efficacy, physical activity interventions could be considered a cost-effective option for autism spectrum disorder management in the future.

scholarly journals Meta-Analysis on Intervention Effects of Physical Activities on Children and Adolescents with Autism

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 1950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinfeng Huang ◽  
Chunjie Du ◽  
Jianjin Liu ◽  
Guangxin Tan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Physical Activity Intervention ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
China National Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
Intervention Effects ◽  
Adolescents With Autism

This paper aimed to discuss the intervention effects of physical activities on children and adolescents with autism with a meta-analysis so as to serve as a reference to further relevant research on the same topic. As for research methods, by searching in CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure), WanFang data, VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and other databases, this study collected randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the intervention of physical activities on children and adolescents with autism and used Review Manager 5.3 software to process and analyze the outcome indicators of the literature. As for the result, a total of 12 papers and 492 research targets were selected. The results of the meta-analysis show that physical activity had a significant positive impact on social interaction ability, communication ability, motor skills, and autism degree of autistic children as well as the social skills and communication skills of autistic adolescents. On the other hand, physical activity had no significant effect on the stereotyped behavior of autistic children and adolescents. In conclusion, physical activity intervention is beneficial to children and adolescents with autism, and continuous physical activity intervention can produce greater intervention effect.

Hyperandrogenemia in male autistic children and adolescents: relation to disease severity

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farida El-Baz ◽  
Rasha T. Hamza ◽  
Mohamed S.E. Ayad ◽  
Nermine H. Mahmoud
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Intelligence Quotient ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Early Puberty ◽  
Serum Free ◽  
Androgen Levels

Abstract Background: It has been suggested that autistic patients have elevated blood androgens, and although signs of precocious puberty have been reported in autistic patients, such a relation has not yet been clarified. Objectives: To assess serum androgen levels in a group of Egyptian male autistic children and adolescents and their relation to disease severity. In addition, the risk for association of androgens with autism was estimated. Methods: In comparison to 20 controls, 30 male autistic children were studied. All subjects were subjected to clinical evaluation, intelligence quotient (IQ) assessment and measurement of serum free testosterone (FT), dehydroepiandosterone (DHEA) and Δ4-androstenedione (Δ4-A). Results: Androgens were higher in autistic patients than in controls and increased with increased autistic severity. Of the patients, 11 (36.66%) had high FT, 9 (30%) had high DHEA, 12 (40%) had high Δ4-A and 8 (26.66%) showed elevation of all androgen levels. FT (OR: 38.45, 95% CI: 2.14–688.93, p=0.013) and Δ4-A (OR: 13.6, 95%CI: 2.25–22.89, p=0.04) had a significant risk for association with autism. Conclusions: Hyperandrogenemia is prevalent in autistic patients and increases with autistic severity. Thus, androgen levels should be assessed in autistic patients with signs of early puberty. Further studies are warranted regarding trials of anti-androgen therapy in such patients.

Adaptive Behavior Of Greek Low-Functioning Autistic Children And Adolescents

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fotiadou Eleni ◽  
◽  
Soulis Spyridon- Georgios ◽  
Christodoulou Pineio ◽  
Samsari Eleni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Adaptive Behavior ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Low Functioning

scholarly journals Pharmacogenomics and Efficacy of Risperidone Long-Term Treatment in Thai Autistic Children and Adolescents

2017 ◽  
Vol 121 (4) ◽  
pp. 316-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nopphadol Nuntamool ◽  
Nattawat Ngamsamut ◽  
Natchaya Vanwong ◽  
Apichaya Puangpetch ◽  
Monpat Chamnanphon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Long Term Treatment
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