Selecting Salt Tolerant Bread Wheat Genotypes under Ras-Sudr and Middle - Delta Conditions = إنتخاب تراكيب وراثية من قمح الخبز تتحمل الملوحة تحت ظروف رأس سدر ووسط الدلتا

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 929-952 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Afiah ◽  
Wafaa A. Hassan ◽  
Nahed A. K. Rashed
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Wheat Genotypes

scholarly journals Multidimensional Evaluation for Detecting Salt Tolerance of Bread Wheat Genotypes Under Actual Saline Field Growing Conditions

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsayed Mansour ◽  
Ehab S. A. Moustafa ◽  
El-Sayed M. Desoky ◽  
Mohamed M. A. Ali ◽  
Mohamed A. T. Yasin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Saline Irrigation ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Multidimensional Evaluation

Field-based trials and genotype evaluation until yielding stage are two important steps in improving the salt tolerance of crop genotypes and identifying what parameters can be strong candidates for the better understanding of salt tolerance mechanisms in different genotypes. In this study, the salt tolerance of 18 bread wheat genotypes was evaluated under natural saline field conditions and at three saline irrigation levels (5.25, 8.35, and 11.12 dS m−1) extracted from wells. Multidimensional evaluation for salt tolerance of these genotypes was done using a set of agronomic and physio-biochemical attributes. Based on yield index under three salinity levels, the genotypes were classified into four groups ranging from salt-tolerant to salt-sensitive genotypes. The salt-tolerant genotypes exhibited values of total chlorophyll, gas exchange (net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, and stomatal conductance), water relation (relative water content and membrane stability index), nonenzymatic osmolytes (soluble sugar, free proline, and ascorbic acid), antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase), K+ content, and K+/Na+ ratio that were greater than those of salt-sensitive genotypes. Additionally, the salt-tolerant genotypes consistently exhibited good control of Na+ and Cl− levels and maintained lower contents of malondialdehyde and electrolyte leakage under high salinity level, compared with the salt-sensitive genotypes. Several physio-biochemical parameters showed highly positive associations with grain yield and its components, whereas negative association was observed in other parameters. Accordingly, these physio-biochemical parameters can be used as individual or complementary screening criteria for evaluating salt tolerance and improvement of bread wheat genotypes under natural saline field conditions.

scholarly journals Identification and development of novel salt-responsive candidate gene based SSRs (cg-SSRs) and MIR gene based SSRs (mir-SSRs) in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Geetika Mehta ◽  
Senthilkumar K. Muthusamy ◽  
G. P. Singh ◽  
Pradeep Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Candidate Gene ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Diversity Analysis ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Salt Tolerant Cultivars

AbstractSalt stress adversely affects the global wheat production and productivity. To improve salinity tolerance of crops, identification of robust molecular markers is highly imperative for development of salt-tolerant cultivars to mimic yield losses under saline conditions. In this study, we mined 171 salt-responsive genes (including 10 miRNAs) from bread wheat genome using the sequence information of functionally validated salt-responsive rice genes. Salt-stress, tissue and developmental stage-specific expression analysis of RNA-seq datasets revealed the constitutive as well as the inductive response of salt-responsive genes in different tissues of wheat. Fifty-four genotypes were phenotyped for salt stress tolerance. The stress tolerance index of the genotypes ranged from 0.30 to 3.18. In order to understand the genetic diversity, candidate gene based SSRs (cg-SSRs) and MIR gene based SSRs (miR-SSRs) were mined from 171 members of salt-responsive genes of wheat and validated among the contrasting panels of 54 tolerant as well as susceptible wheat genotypes. Among 53 SSR markers screened, 10 cg-SSRs and 8 miR-SSRs were found to be polymorphic. Polymorphic information content between the wheat genotypes ranged from 0.07 to 0.67, indicating the extant of wide genetic variation among the salt tolerant and susceptible genotypes at the DNA level. The genetic diversity analysis based on the allelic data grouped the wheat genotypes into three separate clusters of which single group encompassing most of the salt susceptible genotypes and two of them containing salt tolerance and moderately salt tolerance wheat genotypes were in congruence with penotypic data. Our study showed that both salt-responsive genes and miRNAs based SSRs were more diverse and can be effectively used for diversity analysis. This study reports the first extensive survey on genome-wide analysis, identification, development and validation of salt-responsive cg-SSRs and miR-SSRs in wheat. The information generated in the present study on genetic divergence among genotypes having a differential response to salt will help in the selection of suitable lines as parents for developing salt tolerant cultivars in wheat.

scholarly journals Comparison of rye, triticale, durum wheat and bread wheat genotypes for Fusarium head blight resistance and deoxynivalenol contamination

2019 ◽  
Vol 139 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Sewordor Gaikpa ◽  
Bärbel Lieberherr ◽  
Hans Peter Maurer ◽  
C. Friedrich H. Longin ◽  
Thomas Miedaner
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Fusarium Head Blight Resistance ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Wheat Genotypes
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