Association between Physical Performance and Muscle Strength Among Elderly

This study aimed to assess the impact of malnutrition on the 5-year evolution of physical performance, muscle mass and muscle strength in participants from the SarcoPhAge cohort, consisting of community-dwelling older adults. The malnutrition status was assessed at baseline (T0) according to the “Global Leadership Initiatives on Malnutrition” (GLIM) criteria, and the muscle parameters were evaluated both at T0 and after five years of follow-up (T5). Lean mass, muscle strength and physical performance were assessed using dual X-ray absorptiometry, handgrip dynamometry, the short physical performance battery test and the timed up and go test, respectively. Differences in muscle outcomes according to nutritional status were tested using Student’s t-test. The association between malnutrition and the relative 5-year change in the muscle parameters was tested using multiple linear regressions adjusted for several covariates. A total of 411 participants (mean age of 72.3 ± 6.1 years, 56% women) were included. Of them, 96 individuals (23%) were diagnosed with malnutrition at baseline. Their muscle parameters were significantly lower than those of the well-nourished patients both at baseline and after five years of follow-up (all p-values < 0.05), except for muscle strength in women at T5, which was not significantly lower in the presence of malnutrition. However, the 5-year changes in muscle parameters of malnourished individuals were not significantly different than those of well-nourished individuals (all p-values > 0.05).

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Physical and functional performance assessment in pediatric oncology: a systematic review

Pediatric Research ◽

10.1038/s41390-021-01523-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Regine Söntgerath ◽

Julia Däggelmann ◽

Sabine V. Kesting ◽

Corina S. Rueegg ◽

Torge-Christian Wittke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Physical Performance ◽

Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽

Pediatric Cancer ◽

Motor Performance ◽

Performance Test ◽

Functional Mobility ◽

Cancer Type ◽

And Function

Abstract Background Research indicates reduced physical performance from diagnosis into survivorship of pediatric cancer patients. However, there is no systematic information or guideline available on the methods to assess physical performance and function in this population. The purpose was to systematically compile and describe assessments of physical performance and function in patients and survivors of pediatric cancer, including cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, speed, balance, flexibility, functional mobility, gait and motor performance test batteries. Methods We searched the databases PubMed, SPORTDiscus, and Cochrane Database and performed abstract and full-text selection of 2619 articles according to the Cochrane Handbook of Systematic Reviews. Information on patients characteristics, assessments, information on validity and reliability, and relevant references was extracted. Results In summary, 63 different assessments were found in 149 studies including 11639 participants. Most studies evaluated cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle strength with the majority conducted off treatment. Some outcomes (e.g. speed) and diagnoses (e.g. neuroblastoma) were severely underrepresented. With the exception of gait, leukemia patients represented the largest group of individuals tested. Conclusions Insufficient data and patient heterogeneity complicate uniform recommendations for assessments. Our results support researchers and practitioners in selecting appropriate assessment to meet their specific research questions or individual daily practice needs. Impact This systematic review includes 149 studies and provides a comprehensive summary of 63 assessments to evaluate cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, speed, balance, flexibility, functional mobility, gait or motor performance test batteries in patients and survivors of pediatric cancer. We present the most studied fields within the pediatric cancer population, which are cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle strength, off treatment phase, and leukemia patients. We propose research priorities by identification of subgroups in terms of cancer type, phase of treatment, and outcome of interest that are underrepresented in studies currently available.

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Vitamin D Status, Muscle Strength and Physical Performance Decline in Very Old Adults: A Prospective Study

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu9040379 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 379 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Antoneta Granic ◽

Tom Hill ◽

Karen Davies ◽

Carol Jagger ◽

Ashley Adamson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Prospective Study ◽

Physical Performance ◽

Vitamin D Status ◽

Very Old ◽

Old Adults ◽

Performance Decline ◽

A Prospective Study

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Circulating levels of IGF1 are associated with muscle strength in middle-aged- and oldest-old women

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/eje-10-0703 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 164 (2) ◽

pp. 189-196 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Diana G Taekema ◽

Carolina H Y Ling ◽

Gerard Jan Blauw ◽

Carel G Meskers ◽

Rudi G J Westendorp ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Muscle Strength ◽

Physical Performance ◽

Handgrip Strength ◽

Oldest Old ◽

Muscle Growth ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Relationship ◽

Circulating Levels

ObjectiveIn aging populations, poor handgrip strength has been associated with physical disability and mortality. IGF1 is an important mediator of muscle growth and regeneration affecting muscle function. We studied the relationship between circulating levels of IGF1, its binding protein 3 (IGFBP3), and handgrip strength and physical performance in middle-aged- and oldest-old subjects.DesignCross-sectional analysis in two different cohorts composed of middle-aged- (n=672, mean 63.9±6.7 years) and oldest-old subjects (n=272, all 89 years).MethodsHandgrip strength, functional performance and ability, and serum levels of IGF1 and IGFBP3 were measured in all subjects and analyzed by linear regression for men and women separately.ResultsIGF1 and IGFBP3 levels declined with chronological age and were positively associated with handgrip strength in middle-aged- and oldest-old women (both, P<0.05), but not in men of either age group. Furthermore, higher serum levels of IGF1 were associated with slower walking speed in oldest-old men (P=0.012), and serum levels of IGFBP3 were positively associated with activities of daily living in the oldest-old women (P=0.002).ConclusionThe significant relationship between IGF1 levels and muscle strength found in women but not in men suggests a gender-specific influence of IGF1 on muscle strength. Further studies are necessary to test the relationship with physical performance.

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Relationship between vitamin D and lung function, physical performance and balance on patients with stage I-III chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira ◽

10.1590/1806-9282.61.02.132 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 61 (2) ◽

pp. 132-138 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Tuncay Yumrutepe ◽

Zeynep Ayfer Aytemur ◽

Ozlem Baysal ◽

Hulya Taskapan ◽

Cagatay M. Taskapan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Physical Performance ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Copd Patients ◽

Lung Functions ◽

Knee Muscle ◽

Knee Muscle Strength

Summary Objectives: vitamin D is important for muscle function and it affects different aspects of muscle metabolism. This study aim to determine whether serum 25(OH) D levels are related to lung functions, physical performance and balance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods: in 90 patients with COPD and 57 healthy controls lung function tests, physical performance tests (time up and go, gait velocity test, sit-to-stand test, isometric strength, isokinetic strength), static (functional reach test) and dynamic (time up and go) balance tests and the association of 25(OH)D levels with lung functions, physical performance and balance were evaluated. Results: the COPD patients had significantly more deﬁcit in physical function and balance parameters, and in dynamic balance test (p<0.005). Isokinetic knee muscle strength (flexor and extensor) in COPD patients was significantly lower than in the controls (p<0.05); FEV1 (p=0.008), FVC (p=0.02), FEV1/FVC (p=0.04), TLC (p=0.01) were lower in COPD patients with vitamin D deficiency [25(OH) D less than 15ng/mL] than in COPD patients without vitamin D deficiency. Hand grip test (p=0.000) and isokinetic knee muscle strength (flexor and extensor) (p<0.05) were also lower in COPD patients with vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D deficiency was more pronounced in patients with stage III COPD (p<0.05). Conclusion: patients with COPD had worst physical functioning, poor balance and less muscle strength. Severe disturbed lung and peripheral muscle functions are more pronounced in COPD patients with vitamin D deficiency.

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Instrumental diagnosis of osteosarcopenia in diagrams and tables

Russian Journal of Geriatric Medicine ◽

10.37586/2686-8636-3-2021-350-356 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 358-364

Author(s):

A. V. Naumov ◽

D. V. Demenok ◽

Yu. S. Onuchina ◽

N. O. Khovasova ◽

V. I. Moroz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Muscle Strength ◽

Physical Performance ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Mass Function ◽

Dual Energy ◽

Whole Body ◽

Mineral Density ◽

X Ray ◽

Fracture Risk Assessment Tool ◽

History Of

Osteoporosis and sarcopenia are age-associated diseases of the musculoskeletal system. Osteosarcopenia, the presence of osteopenia/osteoporosis and sarcopenia. The prevalence of osteosarcopenia in older adults with failing was 37% and associated with higher rate of death. Diagnosis of osteosarcopenia consists of describing medical history of fractures, providing x-ray of the spine (if it is needed) and bone densitometry, calculation of Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX), evaluating muscle strength, mass, function. The most common exam which is used to measure bone mineral density (BMD) is dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA or DEXA). Screening using the FRAX is recommended in all postmenopausal women and mеn over 50 in order to identify individuals with high probability of fractures. It is recommended to diagnose osteoporosis in patients with fragility fracture of large bones of the skeleton. Diagnosis of sarcopenia is consist of measures for three parameters: muscle strength, muscle quantity/quality and physical performance as an indicator of severity. Muscle strength can be measured with carpal dynamometry. Muscle mass can be evaluated dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (program «Whole body»). Muscle function can be evaluated with short physical performance battery (SPPB) tests. In this article described algorithm of diagnosis of osteosarcopenia.

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The clinically important changes physical function were not associated with clinically important changes in muscle strength or physical performance over time - A Cohort Study

10.47660/cbr.2021.1722 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Cavalheiro do Espírito Santo Rafaela ◽

Joshua F Baker ◽

Jordana Miranda de Souza Silva ◽

Lidiane Isabel Filippin ◽

Juliana Katarina Schoer Portes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Physical Function ◽

Physical Performance ◽

Over Time

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