أثر الكلمة المنطوقة على قرار تبني المستهلك للمنتجات الجديدة : دراسة ميدانية لخدمات الجيل الثالث ( 3G ) لمؤسسة موبيليس بولاية الأغواط = The Impact of Spoken Word on Consumer's Decision to Adopt New Products : Case Study of Third-Generation Services ( 3G ) of Mobilis Company in Laghouat

Limitations to a Geostationary Infrared Sounder due to Diffraction: The Meteosat Third Generation Infrared Sounder (MTG IRS)

Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology ◽

10.1175/jtech2055.1 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 24 (10) ◽

pp. 1740-1749 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jochen Grandell ◽

Rolf Stuhlmann

Keyword(s):

Wavelength Dependence ◽

Low Earth Orbit ◽

Third Generation ◽

Atmospheric Infrared Sounder ◽

Worst Case ◽

Spread Function ◽

The Impact ◽

Spectral Channels ◽

Temporal Coverage

Abstract Geostationary infrared sounding missions offer good temporal coverage; however, because of the large distance to the observed earth targets, the effect of diffraction is increased compared to sounding from a low earth orbit (LEO). Because of the wavelength dependence of diffraction, the spectral channels do not sample the same volume of air, as is generally assumed by retrieval algorithms for LEO infrared (IR) sounder data. This additional error introduced in the retrieval by diffraction-limited instruments is called pseudonoise throughout the paper. One such diffraction-limited geostationary system is the candidate Infrared Sounder (IRS) mission on the European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT) Meteosat Third Generation (MTG) satellites with a planned need date in 2015, due to the expected lifetime of the current Meteosat Second Generation (MSG) satellites. A simplified point spread function (PSF) is applied. To represent the channels within natural conditions, measured spectra from the LEO Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) are used as an underlying scene when integrating over the PSF. As the AIRS spatial resolution is 15 km, the basic assumption made was that the meteorological and surface features can be regarded as fractal to the extent that they can be downscaled to at least 4 km, making them useful for these investigations. The results show that the pseudonoise is highly dependent on wavelength, and highest in the window and CO2 regions (within the broader 700–1200 cm−1, or 8.3–14.3-μm, region). The worst-case pseudonoise values are approximately 1 K for these regions. A case study of the impact of the obtained pseudonoise values on temperature and water vapor retrievals shows that only with the worst-case assumptions (uncorrelated noise) is there a quantifiable impact on the results. For temperature retrievals, this ranged from 0.1 to 0.3 K in the lower and upper troposphere, respectively.

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Identifying and ranking new product factors of fashion industry (case study Iranian menswear brand)

Communications in Development and Assembling of Textile Products ◽

10.25367/cdatp.2021.2.p40-48 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 40-48

Author(s):

Siamak Nazemi ◽

Roohollah Bagherzade

Keyword(s):

Social Media ◽

New Products ◽

Customer Behavior ◽

Design And Technology ◽

Fashion Industry ◽

Product Lines ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

The Impact ◽

Gathering Data

In fashion industry, creative ideas and new products appear in new collections of brands presented in several ways, such as fashion week, exhibition etc. Iranian menswear also had the same strategy, but because of features of their customers, usually they use same designs and products in their new collections. Achieving new products in fashion industry can be related to design and technology aspect. Here we are looking for important factors affecting new products in Iranian menswear and also aiming at understanding which strategy are utilized in these product lines. Firstly this is done by gathering data from the Iranian Fashion association and 3 big Iranian menswear brands, secondly by interviews with experts from Iranian menswear brands, looking for answers of the study question. Twelve factors released from literature of study are divided in four sections: fabric sector, garment and accessories sector, and market sector. In 2010-decade, Iranian menswear brands focused on the technology factor in their new products, but during recent years, they changed their mind and now change direction to design departments. These phenomena happen due to the impact of social media on Iranian culture, with social media changing the behavior of the Iranian customer. Generally, accessing the directors of menswear brands was difficult, and during their interview they tried to hide some information. New products were an important factor in increasing market of any menswear brand. This study helps them to utilize the best strategy depending on their customers and market. This study confirms a new product’s impact on customer behavior and culture which could be difference with time.

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