Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns among Acinetobacter Baumannii Isolated from King Abdulaziz Hospital - Jeddah - Saudi Arabia : Four - Year Surveillance Study ( 2010 - 2013 )

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 53-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed F. Al Mobarak ◽  
Reda M. Matbuli ◽  
Hadeer Meir
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Surveillance Study ◽  
Resistance Patterns

scholarly journals A 6-year surveillance of antimicrobial resistance patterns ofAcinetobacter baumanniibacteremia isolates from a tertiary care hospital in Saudi Arabia during 2005–2010

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 24039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishnappa Lakshmana Gowda ◽  
Mohammed A. M. Marie ◽  
Yazeed A Al-Sheikh ◽  
James John ◽  
Sangeetha Gopalkrishnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Resistance Patterns

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns and ESBL of Uropathogens Isolated from Adult Females in Najran Region of Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 650-658
Author(s):  
Mohammed Yahia Alasmary
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Klebsiella Species ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Government Hospitals ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: To explore the prevalence of urinary tract infections (UTIs) among female patients in the Najran region of Saudi Arabia and determine their antimicrobial resistance pattern. Methods: This study was conducted on 136 urine samples collected from outpatient departments (OPDs) of the different government hospitals in the Najran region of Saudi Arabia. Over one year, the results of susceptibility testing reports of outpatient midstream urine samples from three government hospitals were prospectively evaluated. Results: Of 136 urine samples, only 123 (90.45%) were found to show significant growth for UTIs, from which 23 different uropathogens were identified. Escherichia coli (58.5%) was the most commonly isolated organism, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (8.1%). The isolated microorganism showed increased resistance patterns from 3.3% to 62.6%, with an overall resistance of 27.19%. Meropenem was the most effective antimicrobial, followed by amikacin and ertapenem (0.47%, 0.91%, and 1.5% resistance, respectively). At the same time, ampicillin and cephazolin were the least (62.6% and 59.5% resistance, respectively) effective. Overall, eleven (8.94%) uropathogens isolates were ESBLs, among which there were eight (6.5%) Escherichia coli, one (0.81%) Klebsiella pneumoniae, one (0.81%) Klebsiella oxytoca, and one (0.81%) Citrobacter amalonaticus. Conclusions: E. coli remains the most commonly isolated causative uropathogens, followed by Klebsiella species. The prevalence of pathogenic E. coli and Klebsiella species underscores the importance of developing cost-effective, precise, and rapid identification systems to minimize public exposure to uropathogens. Antibiotic susceptibility data revealed that most of the isolates were resistant to the majority of the antibiotics. The patients with UTIs in the Najran region of Saudi Arabia are at a high risk of antibiotic resistance, leading to significant problems in outpatient department (OPD) treatment outcomes and raising the alarm for the physician to change their empiric treatment.

scholarly journals Regional Dissemination of a Carbapenemase-encoding Plasmid: Plasmidome analysis Reveals Diverse Adaptations of Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryuichiro Abe ◽  
Yukihiro Akeda ◽  
Yo Sugawara ◽  
Dan Takeuchi ◽  
Yuki Matsumoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Complete Sequence ◽  
Surveillance Study ◽  
Single Point Mutation ◽  
Chromosomal Integration ◽  
Carbapenemase Gene ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Horizontal Spread

Abstract Background. The global dissemination of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) threatens human health by limiting the range of usable antibiotics even against common bacterial infections. The spread of CRE is primarily due to the transmission of carbapenemase genes located on plasmids. However, few studies have comprehensively identified regionally spreading carbapenemase-encoding plasmids because of the difficulty to determine the complete sequence of a plasmid encoding carbapenemases. In a CRE surveillance study of 1,507 patients from 43 hospitals in northern Osaka, Japan, we previously found that 12% of the patients carried CRE and 95% of CRE isolates were IMP-6 producers. This result suggested a vast horizontal spread of a clonal plasmid carrying blaIMP-6 among Enterobacteriaceae in this region. In the current study, we aimed to describe the dynamics of this regional horizontal plasmid transmission.Results. We systematically analysed the plasmids of 230 CRE isolates carrying blaIMP obtained in our previous surveillance study by using whole genome sequencing and Southern blotting. We detected a major population (187 out of 230 blaIMP-positive CRE isolates, 85.6%) that carried blaIMP-6 on the IncN plasmid pKPI-6, along with diverse minor subpopulations. Among the subpopulations, we identified a novel cluster carrying an IncF plasmid that leads to heteroresistance due to amplification of blaIMP-6, resulting in covert transmission of blaIMP-6 or occasional chromosomal integration of blaIMP-6. In addition, we detected one isolate that harboured blaIMP-1, which is identical to blaIMP-6 except for a single point mutation, on pKPI-6 and thus had acquired a broader range of antimicrobial resistance. Conclusions. Carbapenemase-encoding plasmid tracking revealed the clonal dissemination of pKPI-6 among chromosomally distinct isolates. Focusing on the mode of carbapenemase gene carriage is helpful for monitoring of horizontal spread of CRE isolates that is difficult to trace only by the comparisons of the whole genomes. A seemingly clonal horizontal dissemination of the predominant plasmid had embraced heterogenous subpopulations that contribute to diverse adaptations including covert transmission, stable chromosomal integration of blaIMP-6, or broadened antimicrobial resistance patterns, ultimately leading to treatment failure.

scholarly journals Molecular Detection of blaOXA-type Carbapenemase Genes and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns among Clinical Isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maghsoud Kafshnouchi ◽  
Marzieh Safari ◽  
Amir Khodavirdipour ◽  
Abbas Bahador ◽  
Seyed Hamid Hashemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phylogenetic Tree Analysis ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Class D ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
New Treatment

Abstract Acinetobacter baumannii is a bacterium found in most places, especially in clinics and hospitals, and an important agent of nosocomial infections. The presence of class D enzymes such as OXA-type carbapenemases in A. baumannii is proven to have a key function in resistance to carbapenem. The aim of the current study is to determine the blaOXA-type carbapenemase genes and antimicrobial resistance among clinically isolated samples of A. baumannii. We assessed 100 clinically isolated specimens of A. baumannii from patients in intensive care units of educational hospitals of Hamadan, West of Iran. The A. baumannii isolates' susceptibility to antibiotics was performed employing disk diffusion method. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction was used to identify the blaOXA-24-like , blaOXA-23-like , blaOXA-58-like , and blaOXA-51-like genes. The blaOXA-23-like , blaOXA-24-like , and blaOXA-58-like genes' prevalence were found to be 84, 58, and 3%, respectively. The highest coexistence of the genes was for blaOXA-51/23 (84%) followed by blaOXA-51/24-like (58%). The blaOXA-51/23- like pattern of genes is a sort of dominant gene in resistance in A. baumannii from Hamadan hospitals. The highest resistance to piperacillin (83%) and ciprofloxacin (81%) has been observed in positive isolates of blaOXA-23-like . The A. baumannii isolates with blaOXA-58-like genes did not show much resistance to antibiotics. Based on the results of the phylogenetic tree analysis, all isolates have shown a high degree of similarity. This study showed the high frequency of OXA-type carbapenemase genes among A. baumannii isolates from Hamadan hospitals, Iran. Thus, applying an appropriate strategy to limit the spreading of these strains and also performing new treatment regimens are necessary.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial resistance patterns and their encoding genes among clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii in Ahvaz, Southwest Iran

MethodsX ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 101031
Author(s):  
Mojtaba Moosavian ◽  
Khadijeh Ahmadi ◽  
Saeed Shoja ◽  
Jalal Mardaneh ◽  
Fatemeh Shahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Southwest Iran ◽  
Encoding Genes
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