Nosocomial Infection by Multidrug Resistant Bacteria in Intensive Care Units of Assiut and Sohag University Hospitals

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Magdy A. Abu-Gharbia ◽  
Michael N. Agban ◽  
Rasha Z. Abdelmasieh
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Bacteria

scholarly journals Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of multidrug-resistant bacteria among intensive care units patients at Ain Shams University Hospitals in Egypt—a retrospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noha Alaa Eldin Fahim
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Overall Resistance

Abstract Background The nightmare of the rising numbers of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) requires the implementation of effective stewardship programs. However, this should be preceeded by making available  evidence-based knowledge regarding the local antimicrobial resistance pattern, which is fundamental. The aim of the current study is to determine the prevalence of MDRO among different Ain Shams University Hospitals (ASUHs) intensive care units (ICUs) and detect the resistance profile of the common pathogens. Results The 1-year records of a total of 1280 pathogens were studied. The highest number of pathogens were isolated from blood cultures (44.84%), followed by urine (41.41%) then wound swabs (13.75%). Gram-negative isolates (57.5%) were more prevalent than gram-positive ones (31.1%). The most frequently isolated pathogens were Klebsiella spp. (22.5%), Escherichia coli (13.4%), and Coagulase-negative Staphylococci (12.5%). The highest percentage of resistance among gram-positive organisms was exhibited by penicillin (89.5%) followed by erythromycin (83.98%) and then cefoxitin (76.52%). None of the isolates showed resistance to linezolid and resistance to vancomycin was minimal (2.62%). Gram-negative isolates exhibited high overall resistance to all used antibiotic classes. The least frequency of resistance was recorded against nitrofurantoin (52.5%), amikacin (58.01%), followed by imipenem (59.78%) and meropenem (61.82%). All isolates of Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter showed 100% susceptibility to colistin. Conclusions The prevalence of antibiotic resistance in Ain Shams University Hospitals (ASUHs) was high among both gram-negative and gram-positive organisms. This high resistance pattern foreshadows an inevitable catastrophe that requires continuous monitoring and implementation of effective antibiotic stewardship.

Co-colonization by multidrug-resistant bacteria in two Greek intensive care units

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 1947-1955 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Papadimitriou-Olivgeris ◽  
I. Spiliopoulou ◽  
M. Christofidou ◽  
D. Logothetis ◽  
P. Manolopoulou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Bacteria

scholarly journals Multidrug-resistant bacteria isolated from cell phones in five intensive care units: Exploratory dispersion analysis

GERMS ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steev Loyola ◽  
Luz Gutierrez ◽  
Estrella Avendaño ◽  
Nixon Severino ◽  
Jesus Tamariz
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Cell Phones ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Dispersion Analysis ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Bacteria

Screening for Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria as a Predictive Test for Subsequent Onset of Nosocomial Infection

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 1233-1241 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Galoisy-Guibal ◽  
J. L. Soubirou ◽  
G. Desjeux ◽  
J. Y. Dusseau ◽  
O. Eve ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Test Result ◽  
Subsequent Onset

Objective.To investigate whether carriage of multidrug-resistant bacteria is a risk factor for nosocomial infection and whether detection of carriage is predictive of subsequent onset of nosocomial infection.Methods.In this observational cohort (study period, June 1998 through October 2002), nasal and rectal swab specimens from 412 consecutive patients admitted to the intensive care unit were tested for carriage of multidrug-resistant bacteria. Concomitantly, the bacteria responsible for any subsequent nosocomial infection, the date of infection, and some of the known clinical risk factors for nosocomial infection were noted. These factors were adjusted for potential confounders, using a Cox model stratified on the propensity score of multidrug-resistant bacteria carriage. The diagnostic characteristics of a carriage test, including the positive and negative diagnostic likelihood ratios, were calculated for all strata of the propensity score.Results.Forty-two patients were carrying multidrug-resistant bacteria. Nosocomial infection occurred in 95 patients, of whom 16 (38%) were carriers, and 79 (83%) were noncarriers (P= .01). After adjustment for potential confounders, statistical analysis revealed that carriage remained a risk factor for nosocomial infection (relative risk, 2.08 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.13-3.81]). Receipt of antibiotic treatment at the time of intensive care unit admission was found to be protective against nosocomial infection. A positive result of test for detection of carriage seemed to be an efficient predictor of subsequent nosocomial infection (positive diagnostic likelihood ratio, 2.05 [95% CI, 1.15-3.66]), although a negative test result was not a predictor of subsequent nosocomial infection (negative likelihood ratio, 0.91 [95% CI, 0.73-1.11]).Conclusion.Carriage proved to be a risk factor for subsequent nosocomial infection. However, the carriage test was useful as a predictive tool only for patients with a positive test result.

scholarly journals Surveillance of multidrug-resistant bacteria in pediatric and neonatal intensive care units in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia Mouta Nunes de Oliveira ◽  
Sibelle Nogueira Buonora ◽  
Cristina Letícia Passos Souza ◽  
Robinson Simões Júnior ◽  
Thais Carolina da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Units ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Janeiro State

scholarly journals Multidrug-resistant bacteria isolated from patients hospitalized in Intensive Care Unit in University Hospital of Constantine, Algeria (2011 - 2015)

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (33) ◽  
pp. 1328-1336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hecini-Hannachi Abla ◽  
Bentchouala Chafia ◽  
Lezzar Abdesselam ◽  
Laouar Houcine ◽  
Benlabed Kaddour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Bacteria

scholarly journals The Acquisition of Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria in Patients Admitted to COVID-19 Intensive Care Units: A Monocentric Retrospective Case Control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1821
Author(s):  
Elisa G. Bogossian ◽  
Fabio S. Taccone ◽  
Antonio Izzi ◽  
Nicolas Yin ◽  
Alessandra Garufi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Incidence Density ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Competing Risk Analysis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Control Study

Whether the risk of multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDRB) acquisition in the intensive care unit (ICU) is modified by the COVID-19 crisis is unknown. In this single center case control study, we measured the rate of MDRB acquisition in patients admitted in COVID-19 ICU and compared it with patients admitted in the same ICU for subarachnoid hemorrhage (controls) matched 1:1 on length of ICU stay and mechanical ventilation. All patients were systematically and repeatedly screened for MDRB carriage. We compared the rate of MDRB acquisition in COVID-19 patients and in control using a competing risk analysis. Of note, although we tried to match COVID-19 patients with septic shock patients, we were unable due to the longer stay of COVID-19 patients. Among 72 patients admitted to the COVID-19 ICUs, 33% acquired 31 MDRB during ICU stay. The incidence density of MDRB acquisition was 30/1000 patient days. Antimicrobial therapy and exposure time were associated with higher rate of MDRB acquisition. Among the 72 SAH patients, 21% acquired MDRB, with an incidence density was 18/1000 patient days. The septic patients had more comorbidities and a greater number of previous hospitalizations than the COVID-19 patients. The incidence density of MDRB acquisition was 30/1000 patient days. The association between COVID-19 and MDRB acquisition (compared to control) risk did not reach statistical significance in the multivariable competing risk analysis (sHR 1.71 (CI 95% 0.93–3.21)). Thus, we conclude that, despite strong physical isolation, acquisition rate of MDRB in ICU patients was at least similar during the COVID-19 first wave compared to previous period.

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