Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha ( TNF-α ) Gene Expression in Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 324-335
Author(s):  
Saadia Farid ◽  
Laila Rashed ◽  
Amal Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus Infection ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Necrosis Factor

scholarly journals Role for Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha in Murine Cytomegalovirus Transcriptional Reactivation in Latently Infected Lungs

2005 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 326-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian O. Simon ◽  
Christof K. Seckert ◽  
Doris Dreis ◽  
Matthias J. Reddehase ◽  
Natascha K. A. Grzimek
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Tumor Necrosis Factor ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Early Gene ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Latently Infected ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Transcriptional Reactivation ◽  
Necrosis Factor

ABSTRACT Interstitial pneumonia is a major clinical manifestation of primary or recurrent cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in immunocompromised recipients of a bone marrow transplant. In a murine model, lungs were identified as a prominent site of CMV latency and recurrence. Pulmonary latency of murine CMV is characterized by high viral genome burden and a low incidence of variegated immediate-early (IE) gene expression, reflecting a sporadic activity of the major IE promoters (MIEPs) and enhancer. The enhancer-flanking promoters MIEP1/3 and MIEP2 are switched on and off during latency in a ratio of ∼2:1. MIEP1/3 latency-associated activity generates the IE1 transcript of the ie1/3 transcription unit but not the alternative splicing product IE3 that encodes the essential transactivator of early gene expression. Splicing thus appeared to be an important checkpoint for maintenance of latency. In accordance with previous work of others, we show here that signaling by the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) activates IE1/3 transcription in vivo. As an addition to current knowledge, Poisson distribution analysis revealed an increased incidence of IE1/3 transcriptional events as well as a higher amount of transcripts per event. Notably, TNF-α promoted the splicing to IE3 transcripts, but transcription did not proceed to the M55/gB early gene. Moreover, the activated transcriptional state induced by TNF-α did not predispose latently infected mice to a higher incidence of virus recurrence after hematoablative treatment. In conclusion, TNF-α is an important inductor of IE gene transcriptional reactivation, whereas early genes downstream in the viral replicative cycle appear to be the rate-limiting checkpoint(s) for virus recurrence.

Tumor necrosis factor receptors in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection

1995 ◽  
Vol 108 (5) ◽  
pp. 1453-1463 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Marinos ◽  
Nikolai V. Naoumov ◽  
Siegbert Rossol ◽  
Francesco Torre ◽  
Philip Y.N. Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Tumor Necrosis Factor ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus Infection ◽  
Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptors ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Necrosis Factor
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