scholarly journals Anti–Voltage-gated Potassium Channel Limbic Encephalitis with Psychiatric Features: a Case Report

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 95-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Min Hee ◽  
Sheng Hng Keith Low ◽  
Shian Ming Tan
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Potassium Channel ◽  
Limbic Encephalitis ◽  
Voltage Gated

Voltage-gated potassium channel limbic encephalitis presenting as functional cognitive impairment

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. e233179
Author(s):  
Eric Garrels ◽  
Fawziya Huq ◽  
Gavin McKay
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Potassium Channel ◽  
Limbic Encephalitis ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Differential Diagnoses ◽  
Visual Hallucinations ◽  
Voltage Gated ◽  
History Of ◽  
Impaired Cognition

Limbic encephalitis is often reported to present as seizures and impaired cognition with little focus on psychiatric presentations. In this case report, we present a 49-year-old man who initially presented to the Psychiatric Liaison Service with a several month history of confusion with the additional emergence of visual hallucinations and delusions. Due to the inconsistent nature of the symptoms in the context of a major financial stressor, a provisional functional cognitive impairment diagnosis was made. Investigations later revealed a positive titre of voltage-gated potassium channel (VGKC) antibodies, subtype leucine-rich glioma inactivated 1 accounting for his symptoms which dramatically resolved with steroids and immunoglobulins. This case highlighted the need for maintaining broad differential diagnoses in a patient presenting with unusual psychiatric symptoms.

Limbic encephalitis with voltage gated potassium channel antibodies in a child

2008 ◽  
Vol 39 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Haberlandt ◽  
CG Bien ◽  
A Reiter ◽  
B Simma ◽  
R Crazzolara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Channel ◽  
Limbic Encephalitis ◽  
Voltage Gated

scholarly journals Frontotemporal Dementia with Parkinsonism and Epilepsy Associated with VGKC Antibodies: Case Report and Literature Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 205-210
Author(s):  
Matthew Saint ◽  
Vafa Alakbarzade ◽  
Brendan McLean
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Frontotemporal Dementia ◽  
Limbic Encephalitis ◽  
Poor Response ◽  
Double Negative ◽  
Aggressive Treatment ◽  
Voltage Gated ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Autoimmune Conditions

Antibodies directed against the voltage-gated potassium channel complex (anti-VGKCs) are implicated in several autoimmune conditions including limbic encephalitis and epilepsy. However, emerging evidence suggests that only specific subtypes of anti-VGKCs are pathogenic. We present the case of a 55-year-old man who initially presented with focal unaware seizures and behavioural changes mimicking anti-VGKC-seropositive encephalitis that further progressed to parkinsonism with evidence of frontotemporal dementia and pre-synaptic dopaminergic deficit. Aggressive treatment with immunotherapy was ineffective, and antibody subtyping later revealed the anti-VGKC antibodies to be negative for leucine-rich glioma-associated 1 (LGI1) and contactin-associated protein-like 2 (CASPR2) – the two known pathogenic subtypes. The clinical relevance of so-called “double-negative” anti-VGKCs (i.e., those not directed towards LGI1 or CASPR2) has been called into question in recent years, with evidence to suggest they may be clinically insignificant. Our case emphasises the importance of antibody subtyping in cases of anti-VGKC seropositivity; negative results, particularly when combined with a poor response to immunotherapy, should prompt a rapid reconsideration of the working diagnosis.

scholarly journals Vgkc Encephalitis With Low-Titer Antibodies: Case Report

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Sena Aksoy ◽  
◽  
Mina Uzülmez ◽  
Aysun Soysal ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Potassium Channel ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Autoimmune Encephalitis ◽  
Voltage Gated ◽  
With Memory

Voltage-gated potassium channel (VGKC) encephalitis is a type of autoimmune encephalitis, that presents with memory impairment, headache, psychiatric symptoms and seizures. Although contactin-associated protein 2 (CASPR2) and leucine-rich glioma inactivated 1 (LGI1) are clearly identifed as components of the VGKC complex, additional subtypes are known to exist. In this report, we present a case of 64-year-old patient with VGKC antibodies, negative for CASPR2 and LGI1

Reversible Dementia: Two Nursing Home Patients With Voltage-Gated Potassium Channel Antibody-Associated Limbic Encephalitis

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 790-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wesley Reintjes ◽  
Marloes D.M. Romijn ◽  
Daan Hollander ◽  
Jan P. ter Bruggen ◽  
Rob J. van Marum
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Home ◽  
Potassium Channel ◽  
Limbic Encephalitis ◽  
Voltage Gated ◽  
Nursing Home Patients

scholarly journals Gain-of-function mutation in the voltage-gated potassium channel gene KCNQ1 and glucose-stimulated hypoinsulinemia - case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinyi Zhang ◽  
Christian R. Juhl ◽  
Louise Hylten-Cavallius ◽  
Morten Salling-Olsen ◽  
Allan Linneberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Potassium Channel ◽  
Gain Of Function ◽  
Voltage Gated ◽  
Channel Gene ◽  
Potassium Channel Gene

scholarly journals Anti-voltage-gated potassium channel complex antibody–mediated limbic encephalitis: a case report of a 53-year-old man admitted to intensive care psychiatric unit with psychotic mania

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. e100196
Author(s):  
Homayun Shahpesandy ◽  
Rosemary Mohammed-Ali ◽  
Ahmed Oladosu ◽  
Tarik Al-Kubaisy ◽  
Moses Anene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Channel ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Limbic Encephalitis ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Autoimmune Encephalitis ◽  
Clonic Seizure ◽  
Neurological Symptoms ◽  
Psychiatric Symptomatology ◽  
Voltage Gated

Limbic encephalitis represents a cluster of autoimmune disorders, with inflammation in the medial temporal lobe characterised by subacute onset of neuropsychiatric symptoms such as anxiety, affective symptoms, psychosis, short-term memory impairment as well as faciobrachial and grand mal seizures. We aim to present a case of a 53-year-old man with positive anti–voltage-gated potassium channel (VGKC) complex antibodies who initially presented with symptoms of psychotic mania. Six weeks post-psychiatric symptomatology, he presented with neurological symptoms such as faciobrachial jerking and tonic-clonic seizure. The patient had no previous psychiatric history and was initially treated with psychotropic medications. Our experience emphasises the fact that limbic encephalitis is not easy to identify as most patients initially present with psychiatric symptomatology than neurological symptoms. Furthermore, immunological and laboratory testing takes a rather long time to determine the diagnosis. What is more, few psychiatrists consider autoimmune nature of the neuropsychiatric presentation. Therefore, it is important to consider autoimmune encephalitis in patients with new-onset psychosis or mania who also present with neurological symptoms at some stage of their illness. Characteristic indicators of autoimmune encephalitis include neurological symptoms such as facial twitching, seizures, confusion and cognitive decline.

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