scholarly journals Compounding Procedures for a Weighted Item Collecting Problem with a Cost Penalty Term in Directed Bipartite Structures

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seiya Tanaka ◽  
Yoshiyuki Karuno
Keyword(s):  
Penalty Term ◽  
Cost Penalty

scholarly journals ECG Signal Denoising and Reconstruction Based on Basis Pursuit

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1591
Author(s):  
Ruixia Liu ◽  
Minglei Shu ◽  
Changfang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Gaussian White Noise ◽  
Basis Pursuit ◽  
Signal Denoising ◽  
Ecg Signal ◽  
Penalty Term ◽  
Ecg Signals ◽  
Alternating Direction ◽  
Low Pass

The electrocardiogram (ECG) is widely used for the diagnosis of heart diseases. However, ECG signals are easily contaminated by different noises. This paper presents efficient denoising and compressed sensing (CS) schemes for ECG signals based on basis pursuit (BP). In the process of signal denoising and reconstruction, the low-pass filtering method and alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) optimization algorithm are used. This method introduces dual variables, adds a secondary penalty term, and reduces constraint conditions through alternate optimization to optimize the original variable and the dual variable at the same time. This algorithm is able to remove both baseline wander and Gaussian white noise. The effectiveness of the algorithm is validated through the records of the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database. The simulations show that the proposed ADMM-based method performs better in ECG denoising. Furthermore, this algorithm keeps the details of the ECG signal in reconstruction and achieves higher signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and smaller mean square error (MSE).

scholarly journals Multiple-Penalty-Weighted Regularization Inversion for Dynamic Light Scattering

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1674
Author(s):  
Wengang Chen ◽  
Wenzheng Xiu ◽  
Jin Shen ◽  
Wenwen Zhang ◽  
Min Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Light Scattering ◽  
Dynamic Light Scattering ◽  
Simulated Data ◽  
Bimodal Distribution ◽  
Scattering Data ◽  
Inversion Algorithm ◽  
Penalty Term ◽  
Peak Resolution ◽  
Time Period

By using different weights to deal with the autocorrelation function data of every delay time period, the information utilization of dynamic light scattering can be obviously enhanced in the information-weighted constrained regularization inversion, but the denoising ability and the peak resolution under noise conditions for information-weighted inversion algorithm are still insufficient. On the basis of information weighting, we added a penalty term with the function of flatness constraints to the objective function of the regularization inversion, and performed the inversion of multiangle dynamic light scattering data, including the simulated data of bimodal distribution particles (466/915 nm, 316/470 nm) and trimodal distribution particles (324/601/871 nm), and the measured data of bimodal distribution particles (306/974 nm, 300/502 nm). The results of the inversion show that multiple-penalty-weighted regularization inversion can not only improve the utilization of the particle size information, but also effectively eliminate the false peaks and burrs in the inversed particle size distributions, and further improve the resolution of peaks in the noise conditions, and then improve the weighting effects of the information-weighted inversion.

scholarly journals Flexible Design as an Acquisition Opportunity

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
James A. Johnson ◽  
Ian H. Wakeling
Keyword(s):  
Empty Space ◽  
External Support ◽  
Modular Construction ◽  
Control Cost ◽  
Acquisition Strategies ◽  
Construction Techniques ◽  
Design Build ◽  
The World ◽  
Cost Penalty ◽  
Partnership Models

Navies around the world adopt different ways of acquiring ships. Using a single large prime contractor, placing individual contracts for design, build and integration, or employing a state-owned shipyard with external support are all procurement options that we see today.‘Flexibility’ in warship design is normally perceived as provision of extra empty space, weight and power, which could be filled with new equipment at some point in the future. However, this idea can be extended to describe a design that achieves true flexibility by exploiting the synergy with different acquisition strategies, adaptability allowing a choice of balanced capability and options for incremental acquisition to control cost and risk profiles. This leads to a design that will deliver a class of warships able to meet the evolving roles and threats throughout its life, whilst not introducing additional risk and cost into the programmes of any modern Navy around the world which adopts it.To achieve this flexibility BMT have created a single base design with multiple configurations; a warship with a functional arrangement that is able to be tailored to meet the specific requirements and budget of each Navy, minimising the initial cost penalty in a programme, and maximising commonality. It also allows for modular construction techniques which not only apply to single yard construction, including small and medium shipyards, but enables blocks to be built in several shipyards.This paper will describe the underlying considerations behind this flexibility, including incremental acquisition as a cost mitigation in procurement programmes, and the different potential partnership models between shipyard, designer and integrator in effective acquisition programmes which work to the strengths of each party.

Some Aspects of S.S.T. Operations in Non-optimum Conditions

1966 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 324-330
Author(s):  
P. S. Cole
Keyword(s):  
Short Review ◽  
Relative Cost ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cost Penalty

Over the past few years, numerous papers have been written concerning various aspects of S.S.T. operations, the majority dealing with one or two facets. This short review considers those aspects which are of major importance when the S.S.T. is operated in non-optimum conditions and an attempt is made to indicate the relative cost penalty caused by the phenomena discussed, the performance in smooth standard conditions being taken as the datum. Little of the information presented is new and most of the points mentioned are considered in greater detail in the references. (Crown copyright, reproduced with the permission of H.M.S.O.)

Simultaneous source separation using a robust Radon transform

Geophysics ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. V1-V11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amr Ibrahim ◽  
Mauricio D. Sacchi
Keyword(s):  
Radon Transform ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Radon Transforms ◽  
Accurate Data ◽  
Quadratic Formula ◽  
Penalty Term ◽  
Source Data ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Simultaneous Source ◽  
Incoherent Noise

We adopted the robust Radon transform to eliminate erratic incoherent noise that arises in common receiver gathers when simultaneous source data are acquired. The proposed robust Radon transform was posed as an inverse problem using an [Formula: see text] misfit that is not sensitive to erratic noise. The latter permitted us to design Radon algorithms that are capable of eliminating incoherent noise in common receiver gathers. We also compared nonrobust and robust Radon transforms that are implemented via a quadratic ([Formula: see text]) or a sparse ([Formula: see text]) penalty term in the cost function. The results demonstrated the importance of incorporating a robust misfit functional in the Radon transform to cope with simultaneous source interferences. Synthetic and real data examples proved that the robust Radon transform produces more accurate data estimates than least-squares and sparse Radon transforms.

Systematic Process Selection in Mechanical Design

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amal M. K. Esawi ◽  
Michael F. Ashby
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Mechanical Design ◽  
Selection Procedure ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Process Selection ◽  
Systematic Selection ◽  
Cost Penalty ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Manufacturing Process Selection

Abstract There has been a recent awareness of the importance of making the right manufacturing decisions early in the design process before the cost penalty of making changes becomes too high. The selection of the most appropriate manufacturing process — of which there are a very large number — is one such decision. It is commonly based on human-resident experience or on established local practice. As such, some potentially-usable processes may be overlooked. This paper explores ways in which process selection might be made more systematic. It presents a procedure for manufacturing process selection which considers all manufacturing processes and eliminates the ones which cannot satisfy the design requirements. This is achieved using Process Selection Charts in which process capabilities are displayed graphically. A procedure for the ranking of the successful processes based on cost is under development. The systematic selection procedure lends itself well to computer implementation. A database of manufacturing processes and an advanced user interface thus provide ideal support for designers. Cambridge Materials Selector (CMS) software is currently being applied to manufacturing process selection.

Reliability-Aware Proactive Energy Management in Hard Real-Time Systems

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Satyakiran Munaga ◽  
Francky Catthoor
Keyword(s):  
Energy Management ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Failure Criteria ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Time Control ◽  
Run Time ◽  
Cost Penalty ◽  
Hard Real Time ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Time Systems

Advanced technologies such as sub-45nm CMOS and 3D integration are known to have more accelerated and increased number of reliability failure mechanisms. Classical reliability assessment methodology, which assumes ad-hoc failure criteria and worst-case for all influencing dynamic aspects, is no longer viable in these technologies. In this paper, the authors advocate that managing temperature and reliability at run-time is necessary to overcome this reliability-wall without incurring significant cost penalty. Nonlinear nature of modern systems, however, makes the run-time control very challenging. The authors suggest that full cost-consciousness requires a truly proactive controller that can efficiently manage system slack with future in perspective. This paper introduces the concept of “gas-pedal,” which enhances the effectiveness of the proactive controller in minimizing the cost without sacrificing the hard guarantees required by the constraints. Reliability-aware dynamic energy management of a processor running AVC motion compensation task is used as a motivational case study to illustrate the proposed concepts.

Lip Region Segmentation with Complex Background

2009 ◽  
pp. 150-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shilin Wang ◽  
Alan Wee-Chung Liew ◽  
Wing Hong Lau ◽  
Shu Hung Leung
Keyword(s):  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Spatial Location ◽  
Visual Speech ◽  
Region Segmentation ◽  
Penalty Term ◽  
Complex Background ◽  
Visual Speech Recognition ◽  
Spatial Location Information ◽  
Fcm Clustering ◽  
Multiple Clusters

As the first step of many visual speech recognition and visual speaker authentication systems, robust and accurate lip region segmentation is of vital importance for lip image analysis. However, most of the current techniques break down when dealing with lip images with complex and inhomogeneous background region such as mustaches and beards. In order to solve this problem, a Multi-class, Shapeguided FCM (MS-FCM) clustering algorithm is proposed in this chapter. In the proposed approach, one cluster is set for the lip region and a combination of multiple clusters for the background which generally includes the skin region, lip shadow or beards. With the spatial distribution of the lip cluster, a spatial penalty term considering the spatial location information is introduced and incorporated into the objective function such that pixels having similar color but located in different regions can be differentiated. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm provides accurate lip-background partition even for the images with complex background features.

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