scholarly journals Tribological Behavior of 42CrMo4 Steel Nitrided by Plasma

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Okba Belahssen ◽  
Abdelouahed Chala ◽  
Okba Belahssen ◽  
Said Benramache
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Tribological Behavior ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Plasma Nitriding ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Compound Layer ◽  
42Crmo4 Steel ◽  
Layer Increase ◽  
Pin On Disk ◽  
Microhardness Tester

<p>This paper presents wear behavior of the plasma nitride 42CrMo4 steel. This steel is used in mechanical industry; it has been assessed by evaluating tribological properties and surface hardness by using a pin-on-disk wear machine and microhardness tester. Experimental results showed that the nitrides ε-Fe<sub>2-3</sub>N and γ’-Fe<sub>4</sub>N present in the compound layer increase the microhardness. It is found that plasma nitriding improves the wear rate and the presence of a hard and brittle compound layer on the surface causes an increase in wear of the specimen surface.</p>

EFFECT OF NITROGEN AMOUNT ON TRIBOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR OF PLASMA NITRIDED 31CrMoV9 STEEL

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (07) ◽  
pp. 1850217 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. ÇOMAKLI ◽  
A. F. YETIM ◽  
B. KARACA ◽  
A. ÇELIK
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Tribological Behavior ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Plasma Nitriding ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Compound Layer ◽  
Gas Mixture ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pin On Disk

The 31CrMoV9 steels were plasma nitrided under different gas mixture ratios to investigate an influence of nitrogen amount on wear behavior. The structure, mechanical and tribological behavior of untreated and nitrided 31CrMoV9 steels were analyzed with X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), microhardness device, 3D profilometer and pin-on-disk wear tester. The analysis outcomes displayed that the compound layer consists of nitride phases (Fe2N, Fe3N, Fe4N and CrN). Additionally, the thickness of the compound layers, surface hardness and roughness increased with increasing nitrogen amount in the gas mixture. The highest friction coefficient value was obtained at nitrogen amount of 50%, but the lowest value was seen at nitrogen amount of 6%. It was observed that wear resistance of 31CrMoV9 steel improved after plasma nitriding, and the best wear resistance was also obtained from plasma nitrided sample at the gas mixture of 94% H[Formula: see text]% N2.

scholarly journals Properties of Ion Implanted Ti-6Al-4V Processed using Beamline and PSII Techniques

1996 ◽  
Vol 438 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. C. Walter ◽  
J. M. Williams ◽  
J. S. Woodring ◽  
M. Nastasi ◽  
D. B. Poker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Dose Level ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Plasma Source ◽  
Wear Testing ◽  
Nitrogen Gas ◽  
Plasma Source Ion Implantation ◽  
Boron Implantation ◽  
Pin On Disk ◽  
Disk Method

AbstractThe surface of Ti-6Al-4V (Ti64) alloy has been modified using beamline implantation of boron. In separate experiments, Ti64 has been implanted with nitrogen using a plasma source ion implantation (PSII) technique utilizing either ammonia (NH 3), nitrogen (N2), or their combinations as the source of nitrogen ions. Beamline experiments have shown the hardness of the N-implanted surface saturates at a dose level of ˜4× 1017 at/cm2 at ˜10 GPa. The present work makes comparisons of hardness and tribological tests of (1) B implantation using beamline techniques, and (2) N implanted samples using ammonia and/or nitrogen gas in a PSII process. The results show that PSII using N2 or NH3 gives similar hardness as N implantation using a beamline process. The presence of H in the Ti alloy surface does not affect the hardness of the implanted surface. Boron implantation increased the surface hardness by as much as 2.5x at the highest dose level. Wear testing by a pin-on-disk method indicated that nitrogen implantation reduced the wear rate by as much as 120x, and boron implantation reduced the wear rate by 6.5x. Increased wear resistance was accompanied by a decreased coefficient of friction.

Investigation of the Wear Behavior of AA6082 Against Different Counterparts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Safiye İpek Ayvaz ◽  
Mehmet Ayvaz
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Specific Wear Rate ◽  
Pin On Disk ◽  
Disk Method ◽  
Sliding Distance ◽  
Oxidation Wear

In this study, the effect of different counterparts on the wear resistance of AA6082 aluminum alloy was investigated. In tests using pin-on-disk method, 6 mm diameter Al2O3, 100Cr6 and WC-6Co balls were used as counterparts. The tests were carried out using 500 m sliding distance and 5N load. The lowest specific wear rate was measured as 7.58x10-4 mm3/Nm in WC-6Co / AA6082 couple, and the highest value was measured as 9.71x10-4 mm3/Nm in 100Cr6/AA6082 couple. In the Al2O3/AA6082 couple, the specific wear rate of the AA6082-T6 sample was determined as 8.23x10-4 mm3/Nm.While it was observed that the dominant wear type in the 100Cr6/AA6082 pair was abrasive wear, oxidation wear and oxide tribofilm were detected in the WC-6Co/AA6082 and Al2O3/AA6082 couple besides the abrasive wear.

The Sliding Wear Behavior of Titanium Carbide Dispersion-Reinforced Steel

2007 ◽  
Vol 124-126 ◽  
pp. 1573-1576
Author(s):  
Jeong Keun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Titanium Carbide ◽  
Sliding Wear ◽  
Wear Track ◽  
Tribological Behavior ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Powder Metallurgy Technique ◽  
Sliding Velocity ◽  
Reinforced Steel

The tribological behavior of TiC-based metal matrix composites was investigated via measuring counterpart weight. The composites were prepared using powder metallurgy technique. Wear of counterpart by the composites varying from 35 to 45 % by volume Titanium carbide were observed over a load ranges of 9.81 to 49.05 N and sliding velocities of 2.0, 2.2, 2.4, 2.6, 2.8 and 3.0 m/sec. Detailed wear track micro-graphy was done to verify the effect of sliding condition on wear mechanism. Observations indicate that wear rate of counterpart increases with the increase in load and the sliding velocity and discontinuous wear rate change occurs at a certain load.

Ti6Al4V Surface Hardness Improvement by Duplex Coating

2013 ◽  
Vol 701 ◽  
pp. 370-374
Author(s):  
Yusliza Yusuf ◽  
Zulkifli Mohd Rosli ◽  
Jariah Mohamad Juoi ◽  
Zainab Mahamud ◽  
Kwan Wai Loon
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Plasma ◽  
Plasma Nitriding ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Hardness Measurement ◽  
Compound Layer ◽  
Ti6al4v Alloy ◽  
Process Time ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Duplex Coating

Ti6Al4V alloy are among the most widely used materials in engineering applications. This is because their relatively beneficial properties. However, inadequate wear properties of Ti6Al4V alloy have largely constrained the application for this material. In this study, Plasma nitriding of the Ti6Al4V was performed using microwave plasma technique at 600°C for 1hour, 3 hours and 5 hours then followed with deposition of CrN on plasma nitrided samples for duplex coating purposes. Microstructural analysis and hardness measurement revealed that formation of Ti2N and TiN phases indicating the formation of compound layer is observed for substrate nitrided at temperature as low as 600°C 1 hour and a substantial increase on the surface hardness of plasma nitrided Ti6Al4V is observed with an increase of process time. The duplex coating obtained in this study has significant surface hardness property and superior as compared with CrN coatings deposited on as received Ti6Al4V.

The Influence of the Microwave Plasma Nitrided Ti6Al4V Substrate Properties to the Duplex Coating Performance

2015 ◽  
Vol 761 ◽  
pp. 68-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusliza Yusuf ◽  
Zulkifli Rosli ◽  
Jariah Mohd Juoi ◽  
Omar Nooririnah ◽  
Umar Al Amani Azlan
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Plasma ◽  
Plasma Nitriding ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Medical Application ◽  
Compound Layer ◽  
Case Depth ◽  
Duplex Coating ◽  
Depth Analysis

Titanium alloys, especially TI6Al4V has been used in many industries such as aerospace applications, medical application and automotive applications. This is because it has beneficial properties such as low density, high strength to weight ratio, low modulus elasticity, excellent corrosion resistance and etc. However, titanium and its alloys have limited use in mechanical engineering applications involving sliding wear or abrasion due to poor wear resistance. Therefore, the duplex coating concept was introduced with the intention of the surface modification process as a pre-treatment of the substrate prior to the deposition of hardcoating process. In this study, plasma nitriding of the Ti6Al4V was performed using a microwave plasma technique at 600°C and 700°C for 1 hour, 3 hours and 5 hours, then followed by deposition of chromium nitrate (CrN) on plasma nitrided samples for duplex coating purposes. Microstructural analysis and mirohardness measurement revealed that formation of Ti2N and TiN phase indicating the formation of the compound layer was observed for substrate nitrided at temperature as low as 600°C for 1 hour and a substantial increase on the case depth obtained on plasma nitrided Ti6Al4V was observed with an increase of process temperature and time. The duplex coating obtained in this study has superior surface hardness property and improved load carrying capacity of the coating – substrate system compared to CrN coatings deposited on as received Ti6Al4V which was observed in the penetration depth analysis.

LOW-TEMPERATURE NITRIDING BEHAVIOR OF COMPRESSIVE DEFORMED AISI 316Ti AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEELS

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (05) ◽  
pp. 1850188 ◽  
Author(s):  
FATIH KAHRAMAN ◽  
GÖKÇE MEHMET GENÇER ◽  
AYÇA D. KAHRAMAN ◽  
COŞKUN YOLCU ◽  
HAYDAR KAHRAMAN
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Plasma Nitriding ◽  
Nitrided Layer ◽  
Cold Deformation ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Compound Layer ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Layer Growth ◽  
Nitrogen Diffusion ◽  
Undeformed Sample

The effects of compressive cold deformation under the quasi-static loads on the nitride formation, nitride layer growth and surface hardness properties were researched in this study. Martensite structure did not form in AISI 316Ti stainless steel as a result of quasi-static deformation. Diffusion layer did not form in all nitrided samples. Both the deformed and undeformed samples have only compound layer on the surfaces at the low-temperature nitriding conditions (400∘C, 7[Formula: see text]h). According to the X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) results, S-phase and chromium nitride (CrN) were formed in the compound layers of the deformed samples. However, CrN did not form in the compound layer of the undeformed sample. The optical microscope (OM) results showed that the compressive cold deformation increased the nitrogen diffusion rate and led to thicker nitrided layer than the undeformed sample under the same plasma-nitriding conditions. All nitrided layers presented higher microhardness values ([Formula: see text][Formula: see text]HV) when compared with the untreated sample hardness. It was also verified that the deformation amount did not affect significantly the nitrided layer hardness.

On the Sliding Wear Behavior of PAEK Composites in Vacuum Environment

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Géraldine Theiler ◽  
A. P. Harsha ◽  
Thomas Gradt
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Sliding Wear ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Vacuum Chamber ◽  
Tribological Behavior ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Low Friction ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Aisi 52100 ◽  
Pin On Disk

In the present study, the tribological behavior of polyaryletherketones (PAEKs) and their composites was investigated in air and vacuum environment. Polymer matrices were filled with either glass or carbon fibers and compared with a standard bearing material containing 10% carbon fiber (CF), 10% graphite, and 10% polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). The samples were tested in a pin-on-disk configuration under continuous sliding against a rotating steel disk (AISI 52100) at different sliding speeds. The results indicated that the tribological performance of these materials in vacuum depends on both compositions and test conditions. At low sliding speed, a very low friction and wear coefficients were obtained while at higher speed, severe wear occurred. In particular, CF filled composites showed excessive wear that led to the ignition after opening the vacuum chamber. Experimental results are discussed by analyzing the transfer film and wear debris.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF NITROGEN HYDROGEN RATIO ON PLASMA NITRIDING FOR 38CrMoAl

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 229
Author(s):  
Lu Song ◽  
Tiantian Peng ◽  
Xiaobin Zhao ◽  
Jing Hu
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Nitriding ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Compound Layer ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hardness Tester ◽  
Modified Surface ◽  
Modified Surface Layer

<p class="AMSmaintext">Critical nitrogen hydrogen ratio in plasma nitriding was primarily investigated to get enhanced performance for 38CrMoAl steel. The modified surface layer was characterized by optical microscopy (OM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and micro-hardness tester. The results showed that the critical nitrogen hydrogen ratio was 1: 5 while plasma nitriding at 540℃ for 6 h. Under this condition, no compound layer was formed, and accompanied with high surface hardness, while the compound layer was formed accompanied with lower surface hardness with nitrogen hydrogen ratio higher than the critical value.</p>

The Effects of Sliding Parameters on Dry Wear Characteristics of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy

2015 ◽  
Vol 1115 ◽  
pp. 213-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Baba Ndaliman ◽  
Katsina Christopher Bala ◽  
Ahsan Ali Khan ◽  
Mohammad Yeakub Ali ◽  
Umma Abdullahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Surface Wear ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Wear Rates ◽  
Sliding Motion ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Pin On Disk

Titanium (Ti-6Al-4V) alloy is very attractive for many applications due to its high strength-to-weight ratio and high corrosion resistance. Even then, with these attractive properties, it has poor shear strength and surface wear properties. This study is therefore undertaken to investigate the effect of sliding parameters on the surface wear behavior of Ti-6Al-4V alloy. Pin-like specimens of the alloy were produced and subjected to sliding motion on a pin-on-disk apparatus using different speeds, loads and sliding distances. The surface and specific wear rates of the alloy were evaluated as the main output of the study. Results indicate that the most severe surface wear rate of over 0.008 mm3/sec is experienced under conditions of low disk speed (50 rpm) with high input weight (46.5 N). Higher sliding distance is also found to affect the severity of the surface wear rate. All results of specific wear rates evaluated indicate that Ti-6Al-4V alloy can be classified as a low surface wear resistance material when operated under sliding counterface.

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