scholarly journals Support for renewable energy in Germany as an example of effective public policy

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernadeta Baran
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy State ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Energy Transformation ◽  
Green Technologies ◽  
Strong State

This article aims to analyze the process of energy transformation in Germany and renewable energy state support as an example of a strategic and effective policy. Energy transition in Germany, which leads to replacement of conventional energy with renewable sources and increase of energy efficiency is a long-term project requiring a strong state intervention. This project is supported with European Union green energy policy giving favorable legal and institutional framework for green technologies development. The process of energy transformation in Germany started more than two decades ago and nowadays this economy benefits from growing number of new jobs and export of high-tech products. The article analyzes the concept of "green growth" in the EU, which is both determinant and the effect of energy transformation in Germany. It discusses support mechanisms and instruments for German green energy sector, transformation goals in that area, financing sources and the most important economic effects.

scholarly journals The Energy Transition in the Visegrad Group Countries

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2212
Author(s):  
Ewelina Kochanek
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
Energy Transformation ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Difficult Situation ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Visegrad Group

The aim of the research is to analyse the energy transition in the Visegrad Group countries, because they depend on the production of energy from the burning of fossil fuels, and transition is a huge challenge for them. The diversity of the energy transformation in the V4 countries was examined by using two qualitative methods, including literature analysis and comparative analysis. The timeframe of the study was set for the period from 2020 to 2030, as these years are crucial for the implementation of the European Green Deal Programme. Four diagnostic features were taken into account in the analysis: the share of RES in final energy consumption, reduction of CO2 emissions in the non-Emissions Trading System (ETS) sector, date of withdrawal of coal from the economy, and energy efficiency. The analysis shows that the V4 countries have different approaches and levels of energy transformation in their economies. Poland is in the most difficult situation, being the most dependent on the production of electricity from coal, as well as having the largest number of employees in the coal and around coal sector. The other countries of the group can base their transformation on nuclear energy, as each of them has at least four such power units. The increased use of biomass for energy and heat production is the most important stimulus for Renewable Energy Sources (RES) growth in the analysed countries. The ambivalent attitude of the political elite to unconventional sources in the four analysed countries significantly hinders the development of certain forms of green energy. However, it has been observed that an increasing proportion of the population, especially those living in regions of the country where there is no fossil fuel mining industry, has a positive attitude towards energy transformation. The study is the first that shows the state of involvement in the process of systemic change of the Visegrad Group countries. The results can serve as a starting point for understanding the reticence of this group of European countries towards the transformation phenomenon, as well as contributing to further research on the implementation of closed-circuit economies in the Visegrad Group countries.

scholarly journals The state of green energy transition in regional industrial centres—The case study of Székesfehérvár

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Urban Region ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Sustainable Solutions

Abstract Industrial parks may be high pollutants of the local environment, but also engines of regional development, employment, and economic value added. To make them more sustainable, regional planning often purports to promote a transition to a greener approach, but in reality, many green measures oppose business logic and profitability, while those companies that do invest in sustainable solutions do so without having a clear strategy. This complicated setup is to be explored and modelled in this article which is focused on a remarkable area, the urban region of Székesfehérvár, an industrial city in Hungary having an impressive economic development and hosting significant domestic and international companies. The disharmony between greening policies, intentions and actions is observable in Székesfehérvár, despite the considerable local and regional potentials of renewable energy resources. Findings indicate that systemic thinking and future-oriented decision making will be necessary to achieve true sustainability, which also requires a mutually proactive attitude and the cooperation of different sectors. A legitimate strategy aiming at greening the local and regional economy (with renewable energy concerns), implemented by both public and business actors can be the key element of a successful transition. This strategy needs to be stimulated by local governance.

A cautionary approach in transitioning to ‘green’ energy technologies and practices is required

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Puleng Matatiele ◽  
Mary Gulumian
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Green Technologies ◽  
Green Jobs ◽  
Renewable Energy Technologies ◽  
Energy Technologies

AbstractRenewable energy technologies (wind turbines, solar cells, biofuels, etc.) are often referred to as ‘clean’ or ‘green’ energy sources, while jobs linked to the field of environmental protection and energy efficiency are referred to as ‘green’ jobs. The energy efficiency of clean technologies, which is likely to reduce and/or eliminate reliance on fossil fuels, is acknowledged. However, the potential contribution of green technologies and associated practices to ill health and environmental pollution resulting from consumption of energy and raw materials, generation of waste, and the negative impacts related to some life cycle phases of these technologies are discussed. Similarly, a point is made that the green jobs theme is mistakenly oversold because the employment opportunities generated by transitioning to green technologies are not necessarily safe and healthy jobs. Emphasis is put on identifying the hazards associated with these green designs, assessing the risks to the environment and worker health and safety, and either eliminating the hazards or minimizing the risks as essential elements to the design, construction, operation, and maintenance of green technologies. The perception that it is not always economically possible to consider all risk factors associated with renewable energy technologies at the beginning without hampering their implementation, especially in the poor developing countries, is dismissed. Instead, poor countries are encouraged to start implementing environmentally sound practices while transitioning to green technologies in line with their technological development and overall economic growth.

scholarly journals GEOLOGICAL INDUSTRIAL ASSESSMENT AND RANKING OF PROMISING OBJECTS OF THE DOMESTIC BASE OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-40
Author(s):  
V. Mykhailov ◽  
M. Kurilo ◽  
S. Kosharna
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Field Development

Changes in the priority areas of financing in the field of subsurface use and their widespread reorientation to the search for alternative sources of raw materials which could ensure the development of modern high-tech industries are the promising direction for the country's growth in sustainable development conditions and Green Energy Transition. And at the moment the only resource that can ensure safe progress in the future and plays an important role in today's technological development is rare earth elements (REE). Within the framework of this study information on the current state of awareness about the REE mining prospects in Ukraine was analyzed and generalized; the systematization and updating of available data on quantitative and qualitative REE ore occurrences and deposits characteristics and their geological and industrial parameters was done; the main obstacles / barriers to the active mining development on these objects of potential extraction were identified. The obtained ranking results of domestic deposits and REE manifestations prove the expediency of investing in geological exploration and mining operations conducted in certain areas, which are identified as the most attractive for further industrial development and generally emphasize the prospects of the studied area and justify the need in intensification of selected rare earth objects field development.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF WAYS FOR DECARBONIZATION OF THE EU HEATING SECTOR (REVIEW)

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 93-101
Author(s):  
T.A. Zheliezna ◽  
A.I. Bashtovyi
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Heat Supply ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
The Eu

The aim of the work is to analyze possible ways of decarbonization of the EU heat supply sector. The task of the work is to identify the most promising areas and develop appropriate recommendations for Ukraine. The heat supply sector of the EU and Ukraine needs decarbonization, for which there is a big potential and different areas of implementation of relevant measures. In Europe, such a strategy is set out in the Roadmap for decarbonization of the EU heating sector until 2050, the main provisions of which are in line with objectives of the European Green Deal and the EU Strategy on Heating and Cooling. European experts have developed the concept of a smart energy system, which was taken into account when preparing the Roadmap for decarbonization of the EU heating sector until 2050. A number of carried out studies have shown that a smart energy system with 50% district heating integrated with other parts of the overall energy system is more efficient than a conventional energy system or the one based on decentralized heat supply, in terms of the possibility of using a high share of renewable energy. It is recommended for Ukraine to finalize the Concept of green energy transition until 2050, taking into account European approaches to the development of heating systems and the use of modern biofuels. It is also recommended to expand the current Concept of heat supply of Ukraine to the level of a strategy with an emphasis on the development of district heating systems, wide involvement of renewable energy sources and new technologies.

scholarly journals Russian energy projects in South Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 58-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. An ◽  
A. Mikhaylov
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Management Decision ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Energy Projects ◽  
Energy Trade ◽  
Management Decision Making ◽  
The Cost

From early 2019, South Africa and Russia have planned to increase their energy trade. Russia can become one of the world’s five largest energy exporters. This study examines of the cost of a kilowatt of electricity generated by coal power projects in South Africa and compares nuclear electricity with other types of green energy. This method must help to improve the management decision-making process in South Africa for energy exporta. Reasons for this persistence include the marketing strategies of Russian companies for seeking new markets in industrialised and postindustrial countries where, due to intensive competition, sales of Russian high-tech products are often unsuccessful. Renewable energy gives a chance to potentially reduce poverty in South Africa. The study concludes that imported crude oil is more suited to the needs of the refining industry of South Africa. The consumption for this type of energy in areas not concerning industry is insignificant and its increase is unlikely to be observed in the future. Highlights• Nuclear energy is popular energy source in South Africa now.• Provision of sustainable energy services helps to find the sources for economic growth. • Renewable energy technologies have opportunity for reduce nuclear production in South Africa.• Bio-energy can become the main source of energy in South Africa.

Application and Development of Renewable Energy: A Case Study of Solar Energy Utilization in Baoding, China

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xutao Zhang ◽  
Yuefen Gao ◽  
Guohua Shi
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
High Tech ◽  
The Government ◽  
National Industry

As we know, more and more energy are required to meet the demands of society, and this has forced the government to review the economy and energy policies. The solar energy resource is abundant in China, which provides a good foundation with the utilization of solar energy. In China, there is a Silica Valley in Beijing, an Optics Valley in Wuhan, and also an Electricity Valley in Baoding. First, the only domestic national industry base of renewable energy and equipment is located in Baoding National New and High-tech Industry Zone. Secondly, there are great advantages on the photovoltaic industry, the wind power generation and the power transmission and transformation equipment, corresponded with the Yingli Green Energy Holding Company Limited, Zhong Hang Huiteng Wind Power Equipment Corporation Limited and Tian Wei Group Corporation Limited, respectively. Then it is a natural choice for the local government to develop the renewable energy in the readjustment of industry structures. This paper deals with the utilizations and prospects of solar energy.

scholarly journals EUROPEAN GREEN DEAL AND NEW OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF RENEWABLE ENERGY

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
T.A. Zheliezna
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Climate Neutrality ◽  
Goals And Objectives

The aim of the work is to develop recommendations for Ukraine on setting long-term integrated climate and energy goals and identifying ways to achieve them. The preconditions, main goals and objectives of the European Green Deal, which was presented by the European Commission in December 2019, are analyzed. The European Green Deal is a comprehensive strategy for the transition to a sustainable economy, clean energy and climate neutrality, i.e., zero greenhouse gas emissions, in Europe by 2050. The adoption of this Deal was preceded by several stages of a coherent EU policy in the relevant sectors. Possibilities for renewable energy development within the framework of the European Green Deal are considered. It is determined that preference is given to the production of green electricity, mobilization of the potential of offshore renewable energy, production of biogas and biofuels from biomass of agricultural origin, sustainable use of low-carbon and renewable fuels, including biomass and hydrogen, in hard-to-electricity sectors. In Ukraine, the document that is closest by its contents to the European Green Deal is the draft Concept of green energy transition until 2050 presented in January 2020. The draft Concept states the goal of achieving 70% of renewable energy sources in electricity generation by 2050 and the climate-neutral economy of Ukraine by 2070. It is recommended that this document should be finalized and adopted formally as soon as possible.

scholarly journals The Power of Co-Creation in the Energy Transition—DART Model in Citizen Energy Communities Projects

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (17) ◽  
pp. 5266
Author(s):  
Bożena Ryszawska ◽  
Magdalena Rozwadowska ◽  
Roksana Ulatowska ◽  
Marcin Pierzchała ◽  
Piotr Szymański
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Success Factor ◽  
Energy Transformation ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Creation Process ◽  
Housing Cooperatives ◽  
Energy Projects

Successful energy transformation is interconnected with greater citizenry participation as prosumers. The search for novel solutions to implement the transition to renewable energy that will neutralize the barriers to this process, e.g., the reluctance of citizens to get involved, lack of trust in decision-makers and lack of co-ownership of energy projects, is inevitable as a part of the bottom-up process. Energy communities have vast potential to scale up Renewable Energy projects. Due to the fact that in Poland, establishing citizen energy communities in the cities is not allowed, the key success factor of energy transformation is to engage housing cooperatives and other housing communities in this process. A similar legal framework prevents communities from establishing themselves in the Czech Republic and Hungary. The research problem of this paper is to identify determinants of the co-creation process in Renewable Energy project activation at the housing cooperative level. The aim is to identify key conditions that housing cooperatives should establish in order to successfully undertake Renewable Energy project implementation using a co-creation approach. The literature study shows that the term “co-creation” is not often used in energy transition projects, although many local energy transitions are indeed co-created, unfortunately not in a structured methodical manner. In the research, we apply the DART (Dialogue, Access, Risk, Transparency) model as the framework to conduct the analysis. The study has been carried out using quantitative and qualitative research methods and based on primary and secondary data. Our findings indicate that considering the different areas of the DART model, co-creation was most visible in the area of dialogue-communication between cooperative authorities and its members, while it was least visible in the area of transparency. Based on the results pertaining to the implemented project, the researchers postulate the inclusion of factors beyond the DART model that further shape the co-creation process.

scholarly journals Investments in Croatian RES Plants and Energy Efficient Building Retrofits: Substitutes or Complements?

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Davor Mikulić ◽  
Damira Keček
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Energy Efficient Building

Croatian energy strategy defines ambitious goals aimed at achieving energy transition toward a sustainable low-carbon society. Achieving those goals requires significant investments in the renewable energy sources and improved energy efficiency of buildings. The purpose of this paper is to estimate and compare the economic effects of the energy transition on the renewable energy supply and demand side. The estimation of the energy transition effects in Croatia in the period 2020–2050 is based on the input-output model, which identifies direct, indirect and induced effects of investments in renewable energy sources and energy efficient buildings renovation. Results of the study reveal relatively higher gross value added and employment effects induced by investments in building retrofits, but the effects of investments in renewable energy are also significant. Investments in sustainable, efficient and environmentally effective energy system could significantly contribute to Croatian GDP. While GVA effects range from 0.4% to 0.6% of annual GDP, the share of full-time equivalent jobs induced by energy transition could reach 0.5% to 1% of total employment in Croatia. Investments in RES plants and energy efficient building reconstruction are not substitutes but complements which ensure a smooth energy transition if undertaken together.

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