The influence of socio - psychological and cultural factors on the expectations of russian patients from the psychotherapy

10.12737/7224 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 0-0 ◽  
Author(s):  
Агарков ◽  
V. Agarkov ◽  
Шерина ◽  
T. Sherina ◽  
Божко ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Value Systems ◽  
Cultural Tradition ◽  
Personal Traits ◽  
Social Stratum ◽  
Russian Culture ◽  
Geert Hofstede ◽  
Dynamic Factors ◽  
Cultural Determinants ◽  
Therapy Interventions ◽  
Therapy Expectations

The authors of this review demonstrate the correlation between the cultural features, social factors and the patients’ expectations from the psychotherapy. Russian psychologists have been paying very little attention to client expectations. It is very often that convergence between the patient´s expectations from psychotherapy and that the psychotherapist offers the patient - often depends on the success of the therapy. The results of many studies confirm that clients´ expectations are an important factor with regards to the efficiency of psy-chotherapy as well as to the rate of drop-outs. Reliable methods of assessment of clients´ expectations allow to create and to implement strategies of pre-therapy interventions. The theoretical structure of patients´ expectations is complex, as is the set of their determinants. Patients´ choices reflect their mentality, the social stratum and cultural tradition they belong to, their personal traits and value systems, inner dynamic factors including the type of attachment and particularities of the psychopathology, and so on. The paper covers multiple aspects of determination of the construct «patient´s expectations». Particular focus is on the cultural determinants of Russian patients´ expectations. In the analysis of cultural determinants of therapy expectations the authors used approaches of Ruth Benedict and Geert Hofstede. According to Benedict´s classification Russian culture might be considered more as so-called Dionysian culture. According to authors’ analysis more pertinent patients´ expectations formed by Russian culture might be such psychotherapies as psychodrama, NLP, Gestalt-therapy Holotropic Breathwork; and in a less degree – psychoanalysis.

Philosophical Pursuit and Flight: Homer and Thucydides in Plato’s Laches

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-91
Author(s):  
Steve Maiullo
Keyword(s):  
Fifth Century ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Value Systems ◽  
Cultural Tradition ◽  
Traditional Model ◽  
Philosophical Approach ◽  
Know How ◽  
Do So

Abstract This paper offers a new reading of Plato’s Laches that examines the dialogue’s philosophical approach not only to courage but also to two literary texts that both formed and questioned traditional Athenian views of it: Homer and Thucydides. In the middle of Plato’s Laches, the eponymous character claims that the courageous man “should be willing to stay in formation, to defend himself against the enemy, and to refuse to run away.” Socrates responds by wondering whether a man can be courageous in retreat. He cites Homer’s description of Aeneas’ horses that “know how to pursue and flee quickly this way and that” (191b), a quotation that appears twice in the Iliad: once at 5.222-3 when Aeneas refuses to retreat from the rampaging Diomedes and again at 8.106-8 when Diomedes retreats from Hector, despite their belief that to do so is cowardly. On the surface, it seems that the contexts of the Homeric line do not match Socrates’ argument. This paper will argue that Socrates’ apparent ‘miscue’ is both intentional and purposeful because it signals a correspondence between the Homeric scenes and Thucydides’ narrative of the Battle of Mantinea that invites criticism of Homer’s place in the value systems of contemporary Athens. Plato signals a philosophical reading of Homer’s Iliad and of Thucydides’ description of the Battle of Mantinea, through which we are invited to evaluate not only the traditional model of Athenian education, embodied by the former, but also its application in fifth-century Athens, as revealed by the latter. This paper, therefore, demonstrates that the philosophical and literary strategies behind Plato’s decision to ‘misuse’ Homer reveal a disjunction between wisdom and manliness in the Athenian cultural tradition that philosophy aims to resolve.

scholarly journals New school subject “Native literature (Russian)”: Contents and methodological foundations of the exemplary program

2020 ◽  
pp. 59-72
Author(s):  
Natalia V. Belyaeva ◽  
Maria A. Aristova ◽  
Zhanna N. Kritarova
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Russian Literature ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Cultural Tradition ◽  
School Subject ◽  
Russian Culture ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Native Literature

The article explains the purpose of creating an exemplary program of the subject “Native literature (Russian)” connected with the execution of the Federal Law on Education, supporting the main aim of the core course in literature – the development of a competent reader, as well as reinforcing the cultivating function of school literary education and preserving the Russian language, literature and culture against the background of Russian multi-ethnic and multicultural society. The following objectives of the new subject acquire particular significance: perceiving literature as one of the main cultural values of the nation (which reflects its national character, history, worldview); ensuring cultural self-identification, becoming aware of the communicative and aesthetic power of the mother tongue based on the study of outstanding literary creations of the Russian culture, the culture of one’s ethnic group, world culture. The methodological background to the exemplary program rests upon the idea of an ideological nature and educational potential of the Russian literature. In creating the didactic model in question, the authors of the program used theoretical and practical research methods, as well as the cognitive and system- and activity-based approaches. The results of the research were as follows: validation of the legal and regulatory framework of the new subject and the primary goals of its study, elaboration of the principles – which are based on the system of value codes shared by the whole nation’s cultural tradition – according to which the contents and structure of the course are selected. The article demonstrates what distinguishes “Native literature (Russian)” from the school subject “Literature”, how each of the three content branches of the program contributes to the development of subject knowledge and skills from grade to grade, why this or that recommended literary work is included in the topic-issue units, and which forms of the final subject assessment are most preferable. The exemplary program of the subject contributes to solving the issue of national and cultural identity and understanding what role the Russian literature plays in becoming aware of the national traits of the Russian culture. It also fosters the comprehension of cultural concepts that are crucial for the Russian national consciousness and the development of one’s ability to transform his/her reflections on works of native literature into personal convictions and positive values.

scholarly journals Дорожные ритуалы и запреты в русской и калмыцкой культуре в аспекте благополучия

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-95
Author(s):  
Ekaterina A. Shkurskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Cultural Tradition ◽  
Russian Culture ◽  
Main Research ◽  
The Road

Introduction. The road as a metatext accumulates variable forms of mobility which are determined by different ways of mastering alien territories. The article deals with departure in a broad sense — as pilgrimage and development of new lands. The relevance of the work is determined by the comparative approach to the study of the road tradition in Russian and Kalmyk linguocultures. Goals. The article seeks to identify and systematize protective road rituals and taboos in the Russian and Kalmyk traditions in the aspect of well-being. Materials and Methods. The study focuses on works by T. Shchepanskaya, A. Bayburin, V. Korshunkov, and N. Zhukovskaya. The main research methods employed are the comparative-historical and retrospective ones which make it possible to distinguish general and particular road safety rituals and prohibitions in Russian and Kalmyk cultures. Chronologically, the study covers the period between the late 18th and early 20th centuries. Results. The mastering of new territories is associated with overcoming boundaries of ‘own-alien’ space, which results in that departure both in Russian and in Kalmyk cultures is characterized by increased semiotics reflected in protective rituals and certain related actions to be avoided thereto. In Russian culture, protective rituals of safety include as follows: crying/gulba, feasts, the ‘sit-down-on-the-path’ custom, farewell blessings when leaving the house. The road ritual taboos comprise any repeat of already accomplished actions, resumption of household cares, verbal prohibitions dealing with the direction. In the Kalmyk cultural tradition, the ritual of departure is accompanied by uttering good wishes and the ritual of development of new territories. It was prohibited to settle near the roads. Conclusions. Russian protective road rituals are aimed at overcoming the border of the ‘own-alien’, which can be explained by the sedentary self-consciousness of Russians. In the Kalmyk linguistic and cultural tradition, the road ritual and its ceremonial part are associated with the spatial development of the surrounding world which is manifested not only in movement but also in stops.

scholarly journals Tradisi Ruwatan Wayang Bagi Umat Hindu Jawa

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Poniman Poniman
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Information Delivery ◽  
Value Systems ◽  
Cultural Tradition ◽  
Artistic Creativity ◽  
Traditional Art ◽  
Performance Culture ◽  
Screen Media ◽  
Wayang Kulit

<p>The existence of wayang for Javanese society is something that has become a cultural tradition. The existence of the Wayang Tradition is evidenced by the continued emergence of dalang who perform wayang in certain areas with progressive artistic creativity. Wayang is a performance culture that is used as a medium or a means of transferring a particular science as well as entertainment. In the end, the function of wayang shows<br />evolved from media guidance, spectacle, information delivery tools, to the promotion of certain products such as those that often appear on electronic glass screen media.<br />The existence of Wayang Kulit is a Javanese traditional art in particular, which is closely related to the levels of human life or the life cycle. Humans in their lives will be bound by the norms or value systems adopted by their society. The norms that are still valid in Javanese society include the Ruwatan ceremony which contains elements of salvation or cleansing humans from existing sin and calamity. Some people belonging to sukerta<br />(dirty, sin) according to Javanese people’s beliefs must be meruwat. Because if it is not diruwat it will become prey to Batara Kala. Then through Ruwatan by performing the wayang show Murwakala story and reading the Ruwatan mantras the Javanese people believe they will not be afraid and unlucky in their future lives.</p>

scholarly journals MIKHAIL FREIDENBERG AND HIS FAMILY: THE ODESSA TRACE IN RUSSIAN CULTURE

Doxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 181-215
Author(s):  
Sergey Troitskiy ◽  
Anna Troitskaya
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Environmental Influence ◽  
Cultural Identification ◽  
Cultural Tradition ◽  
Boris Pasternak ◽  
Russian Culture ◽  
Disciplinary Boundaries ◽  
The Family ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Xix Century

Research traditions that have developed in relation to certain cultural phenomena are often limited by the framework of national cultures, the specifics of the studied personality and its creative activity. At the same time, the cultural and social demands underlying these studies do not actually imply the conversion of the identified cultural values from one national (cultural) tradition to another. Thus, it is unlikely that representatives of border territories, as well as territories that had actual ex-territoriality and freedom to choose cultural identification, can give in to an unambiguous definition of cultural identity. Odessa was good example of it. Here the marginality of the frontier cultural zone created its own unique cultural topos, with its “mixed” identity, for which the territorial, ethnic, cultural and linguistic boundaries were not absolute, were mobile, created conditions for the formation of seemingly contradictory ideas about the “eastern West”, about “imperial Jewishness”, “Jewish Russianity”, etc. For the Jewish citizen of Odessa, the national (Jewish) or imperial (Russian) component played a great role. The internal contradictions that exist in these identification models were either resolved in favor of one of the models, or removed due to the local identification model provided by the immediate environment, which we called the environment. In this article, we would like to show this environmental influence through the personality of Mikhail Filippovich Freidenberg, who is known to historians of science and technology as an inventor, but little known to literary historician (mainly as the father of Olga Mikhailovna Freidenberg and the uncle of Boris Leonidovich Pasternak). In our opinion, the description of the artistic and journalistic, as well as satirical works of Mikhail Freidenberg deserves attention. With his name, the intellectual environment of Odessa at the end of the XIX century takes on a holistic appearance, at the same time exposing the problem of “intellectual crowding” of the imperial province. The phenomenon of the environment is conceptualized by the example of the family of Mikhail Freidenberg and relations with relatives, as well as by describing the influence of this environment on Russian culture in the late XIX – first half of the XX century through the formation of the personalities of Olga Freidenberg and Boris Pasternak. It is important to overcome disciplinary boundaries and show how the environment promotes the realization of creative opportunities and how it sets these opportunities. We do it based on the available biographical data, memoirs, diaries and other documents.

Dynamic Factors Survey

1954 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Guilford ◽  
Paul R. Christensen ◽  
Nicholas A. Bond
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Factors
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