Productivity of potato of sprint variety, depending on the nutrition background on gray forest steppe soil of Middle Volga

10.12737/6538 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 111-116
Author(s):  
Гареев ◽  
Ilgiz Gareev ◽  
Владимиров ◽  
Vladimir Vladimirov ◽  
Владимиров ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Photosynthetic Capacity ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Middle Volga

The authors revealed the role of fertilizers, under the influence of which, there was a significant increase in the crops productivity. Fertilizers, applied in the calculation of the planned harvest of 25-40 t/ha of tubers, significantly increased photosynthetic activity of potato plants. Leaf area increased to 3.6-15.4 thousand square meter per hectare, the amount of leaf photosynthetic capacity during the growing season at 314-1252 thousand square meter × day per hectare, Leaves productivity to 1 thousand units of photosynthetic capacity to 13.6-29.6 kg of tubers, the coefficient of photosynthetically active radiation to 0.55-1.28%. According to the effective fertility, the productivity of tubers without the fertilizers use was 15.53 t/ha. Fertilizer application, based on the upcoming harvest tubers of 25 and 30 t/ha, provided for producing such crops. The productivity of 35.0 t/ha, on average for almost three years, has been obtained, the harvest shortfall was only 0.21 t/ha or 0.60%. On the background, calculated on productivity of 40.0 t/ha of tubers, it was lower to 3.02 t/ha or 7.55%. Maximum starch content (19.4%) was obtained on the background of which is intended to yield of 30 t/ha. The nitrate content in all versions of the experiment were below the maximum allowable concentration, although there was an rise in their number in the tubers with increasing standards of fertilizers. Marketability of the crop with increasing nutrition background was increased to 1.6-8.0%.

scholarly journals Photosynthetic activity and productivity of potato plants when using foliar dressings with complex micronutrients and humate

2021 ◽  
Vol 285 ◽  
pp. 02028
Author(s):  
Olga Savina ◽  
Svetlana Afinogenova ◽  
Valentina Krishtafovich ◽  
Bakhytkul Baikhozhaeva
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Treatment Control ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Photosynthetic Potential

The article presents the results of many years of research on the effect of foliar dressing with complex fertilizers and humate on photosynthetic activity and productivity of potato plants of Gala and Latona varieties. The following options have been studied: 1) without treatment (control); 2) dressing with Ekorost humate at a dose of 0.2-0.4 l/ha; 3) dressing with micronutrient Strada N at a dose of 3-5 l/ha; 4) dressing with micronutrient Strada R at a dose of 3-5 l/ha. The treatment was carried out twice during the growing season: when full shoots appeared and 14 days after the first one. Determination of the leaf area and calculation of the photosynthetic potential were carried out according to the VNIIKH method (1967) three times during the growing season in the following phases: budding, flowering, and the beginning of withering away of lower leaves. The crop was harvested by the method of continuous harvesting of the accounting area of the plots with weighing. The effectiveness of the studied agrotechnical methods has been proved. The best variant of the investigated ones is the use of Strada R. The plants of this variant formed a more powerful assimilation apparatus and had the highest photosynthetic potential, which ultimately affected the yield of tubers. The increase in the yield of two varieties of potatoes was 21.8-23.1 % in relation to the control. Gala variety turned out to be more responsive to the action of vegetative treatments in comparison with Latona variety.

scholarly journals Prospects of practical use of new potatoes state varietal resources in the north-east Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

2019 ◽  
pp. 15-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.S. Kozhushko ◽  
M.M. Sakhoshko ◽  
M.G. Bashtovyi ◽  
D.V. Smilyk ◽  
V.I. Avramenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Starch Content ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Growing Conditions

According to statistic evaluation of the manifestation of signs of the economic suitability of state sort resources of 2019 registration potatoes when growing it in different agro-climatic conditions, a significant advantage of influence of the forest-steppe conditions was determined. Compared to Polesia the increase of yield rose for 4.1 t/ha or 18 % (НІР05 = 2.18, Ffact= 12.65 > F05 = 4.22) and the amount of trade potato for 22.72 ha or 20 % (Ffact = 58.87). There is also a tendency to increase the number of starch from unit of area for – 17 % and the total consumer properties for – 8 %.  However, there is a significant difference in the reduction of storability of products by 45 % and the lack of it’s resistance to macrosporiosis and late blight. It was proved that the yield of varieties for cultivation in the polesia zone by 25.7 % depended on the duration of the growing season (Ffact = 4.14 > F05  = 0.06). The relationship between yield and starch of potatoes in Polesia zone varieties  was determined – 23.6 % and in forest-steppe – 17.3 % and starch collection, respectively, 33.6 % and 28.0 %. The dependence of storability of potato which grew in the polesia zone and in forest-steppe from the amount of starch for 15 % was mathematically proved (Ffact = 2.11 > F05 = 0.17) і 11.3 % (Ffact = 1.52 > F05 = 0.24); the dependence of storability on the duration of the growing season in the Forest-Steppe conditions was confirmed(Ffact = 0.66 > F05  = 0.43). In addition, the 12 % of tasting grade of the Forest-Steppe varieties depended on the starch content amount (Ffact = 1.65 > F05 = 0.22). According to the results of the regression analysis, mathematical models have been developed to predict yields, culinary and consumer properties, and the storability of new potato varieties under different growing conditions. The project of a conveyor for the consumption of fresh product in summer  period with the involvement of varieties of early ripeness in the Forest-Steppe was presented: 80 days after planting – Sanibel, 90 days after planting – Medison, Paroli, 95 days after planting – Bazalia, Bernina, 100 days after planting – Donata, in the Polesia zone ‒ 80 days after planting – Sanibel, 90 days after planting – Paroli, 95 days after planting –Bazalia, 100 days after planting – Medison, Bernina, Donata. By distribution of varieties by predicted high content of phytonutrients there were bred varieties with red skin and creamy flesh – Bazalia and Sanibel, by high content with yellow flesh – Baltic Rosa and moderate content with white flesh – Oleksandrit, Fotynia, Ricarda. Introduction of new varieties with certain high adaptive potential of storability and content of bioactive compounds in potatoes will provide growth of potato production in the conditions of the northeast forest-steppe and increase its competitiveness in the domestic and foreign markets and will solve the problem of year-round consumption of fresh quality products.

scholarly journals PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF TUBERS OF EARLY-MATURING POTATOES IN THE PREPARATION OF CALCULATING DOSES OF FERTILIZERS AND IRRIGATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Антонина Мостякова ◽  
Antonina Mostyakova ◽  
Константин Владимиров ◽  
Konstantin Vladimirov ◽  
Артур Тяминов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Natural Fertility ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
Photosynthetic Potential

The studies were carried out to determine the effectiveness of applying calculated doses of fertilizers to the planned potato tuber yields of the early-ripening Molly and Colette group in the conditions of the forest steppe of the middle Volga region. The influence of mineral nutrition backgrounds, calculated on obtaining tuber yields of 25, 35 and 45 tons per hectare in comparison with the unapproved control, has been studied. The analysis of the leaf area dynamics of potato plants, the parameters of the leaf photosynthetic potential, the coefficient of photosynthetically active radiation factor showed that these indicators of photosynthetic activity are directly dependent on the level of mineral nutrition. Against the background of natural fertility, the Molly variety produced 16.76 tons of tubers per hectare and 18.32 tons of the Colette variety. Fertilizers, calculated for 25-45 tons of tubers per hectare, ensured the formation of Molly 28.23-43.57 t ons per hectare, Colette - 29.72-42.54 tons per hectare. The introduction of calculated doses of fertilizers at 25 and 35 tons of tubers per hectare did not result in a significant decrease in the starch content in the tubers, and the doses that were calculated for a yield of 45 tons per hectare increased the amount of nitrates and reduced the starch content in the tubers.

scholarly journals The role of variety and forecrop in the population dynamics of Rhizoctonia solani in soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
A. A. Malyuga ◽  
N. S. Chulikova
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Two Peaks

Long-term studies (2014–2019) of the population dynamics of the fungus Rhizoctonia solani Küch. were carried out in the soil on the Purple Majesty, Vitelotte and Fioletovy potato varieties and preceding crops (potatoes, oats and tendergreen). The study was carried out in Novosibirsk region in the soil and climatic conditions typical of the forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia. To study the peculiarities of R. solani fungus population dynamics in potato plantations, soil samples were taken from under the plants during the entire growing season. The accumulation of rhizoctonia propagules in the soil was determined using the method of multiple soil pellets. The difference in the amount and rate of accumulation of the fungus R. solani on different varieties, as well as the influence of previous crops on this process, was established. Two peaks of the fungus accumulation were observed on the Purple Majesty variety: the first (48.7 propagules/100 g of soil) – during the full germination period, the second (57.2 propagules/100 g of soil) – at the end of the crop maturation phase. One peak was observed in the population dynamics of the fungus on Vitelotte and Fioletovy varieties, at the end of the ripening period (59.0 and 49.1 propagules/100 g soil, respectively). The smallest amount of R. solani fungus in the soil on average during the growing season was noted on the Fioletovy variety – 33.3 propagules/100 g of soil. In the Purple Majesty and Vitelotte varieties, this figure was 41.5 and 40.4 propagules/100 g of soil, respectively. When potato variety Agata was cultivated as monoculture, there was a rapid and significant accumulation of the fungus R. solani in the soil (from 34.6 to 126.8 propagules/100 g of soil). When this variety was cultivated following tendergreen or oats, the amount of the pathogen varied to a lesser extent (25.1–52.2 and 19.8–41.0 propagules/100 g of soil, respectively). No sharp increases in the number of propagative structures of the phytopathogen in the soil were noted.

scholarly journals VARIETAL DIFFERENTIATION OF WINTER SOFT WHEAT BY MATURITY GROUPS IN THE FOREST-STEPPE OF THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION

2020 ◽  
pp. 91-97
Author(s):  
N.N. Zakharova ◽  
◽  
N.G. Zakharov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Growing Season ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Maturity Groups

In wheat selection, the earring period is a fairly reliable criterion for determining the ripeness group of the variety. The aim of the research was to determine the maturity groups of winter soft wheat varieties of various ecological and geographical origin in the middle Volga forest-steppe. 18 varieties of winter soft wheat included in the State register of selection achievements for the middle Volga region of Russia were used for research in machine seeding.102 varieties originating from 11 countries were used in manual seeding. It is established that the intra-and intervariental change of the date of winter soft wheat earning is weak and moderate. The share of genotype (variety) influence in the variability of the duration of the growing season of winter soft wheat is 56.1 %, the year conditions-4.4 %, and the “genotype-year” interaction-36.5 %. Among the assortment of winter soft wheat of domestic selection, 54% of varieties showed themselves to be medium – ripe, 24% – medium-early, 10% - medium-late. The late-maturing, early-maturing, and ultra-early-maturing groups only included single varieties in certain years. Among the studied assortment of the world wheat collection late maturity had variety of Germany, the earliness and medium early– wheat of China, Japan, Bulgaria and the North Caucasus region of Russia, medium maturing varieties of the Siberian region of the country. Wheat of different groups of ripeness were represented by varieties of Ukraine. The ultra-early and late-maturing varieties of foreign selection selected in the study are valuable as a source material for the selection of soft wheat for the duration of the growing season in the middle Volga forest-steppe.

scholarly journals Soybean production using growth stimulants

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00009
Author(s):  
Ramis N. Saniev ◽  
Alexey V. Vasin ◽  
N.V. Vasina ◽  
Anatoly N. Prosandeev ◽  
Elena S. Makarova
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Soybean Seedlings ◽  
Plant Safety ◽  
Two Component ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Sowing Seed

The results of scientific research on the use of growth stimulators for the pre-sowing treatment of seeds and soybean crops in the forest-steppe zone of the Middle Volga are described. The results of 2016–2018 studies are presented. Plant safety indicators, photosynthetic activity and soybean yield for different treatment options are assessed. The use of two-component preparations increases soybean seedlings up to 58.5 pcs/m2. The maximum leaf area is formed when Risotorfin and Raikat Start are applied for the pre-sowing seed treatment. Due to the use of Raikat Start, the maximum grain harvest is 1.27 t/ha when treating crops with a microfertilizer mixture Megamix Profi in the 3–5 leaf phase + budding.

THE PRODUCTIVITY OF PEAS BY GROWTH STIMULATORS FERTIGRAIN APPLICATION

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
Вершинина ◽  
Oksana Vershinina ◽  
Васин ◽  
Vasiliy Vasin
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Exchange Energy ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Net Productivity ◽  
Photosynthetic Potential ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Feed Protein

The purpose of research is the development of peas productivity increasing ways in the conditions of Middle Volga forest steppe. Results of researches during 2013-2015 with an assessment of photosynthetic activity indexes, structure of harvest, productivity and fodder advantages of peas by different methods of crops preseeding processing and are given by biogrowth factors Noktin and Fertigrain. The largest square of leaves 45.0-47.4 thousand sq.m/ha is formed in a phase of blossoming peas on options at an inoculation of seeds by Rizotorfin and Rizotorfin + Fertigrain Start with after-treatment of crops with biostimulator Fertigrain Foliar in a phase of 4-6 leaves. Photosynthetic potential of crops for vegetation was made without processing of seeds and crops on vegetation of 1.275 million sq.m/ha in a days, when processing seeds preparations Fertigrain Start it raises to 1.305 million sq.m/ha in a days. Net productivity of a photosynthesis reaches maximum in options with processing of seeds Noktin + Fertigrain Start and Rizotorfin + Fertigrain Start and processing of crops on vegetation with an index 4.00-4.09 g/m2 days. The conducted researches showed that all options of processings of seeds and crops increase the efficiency of peas. The greatest productivity of peas 2.04 t/ha and 2.12 t/ha is reached on the crops processed with preparation Fertigrain Foliar in budding phase against processing of seeds preparations Rizotorfin + Fertigrain Start and Noktin + Fertigrain Start. These options differ also in the best fodder advantages with collecting nonvolatile solid 1.82-1.90 t/ha, the feed protein units 2.32-2.41 thousand/ha and an exit of an exchange energy 23.35 - 24.27 GDzh/ha. Results of the conducted researches Noktin and Fertigrain allow todraw the conclusion for application effectiveness of preseeding inoculation of seeds and processing of crops vegetation by preparations.

Ways of improving the use of photosynthetically active radiation in potato cultivation in the middle Volga steppe

10.12737/2169 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 103-108
Author(s):  
Владимиров ◽  
Sergey Vladimirov
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Forest Soils ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Potato Leaf ◽  
Gray Forest Soils ◽  
Photosynthetic Potential ◽  
Middle Volga

The efficacy of using the calculated doses of fertilizers for upcoming harvests potatoes was studied. As a result of studies of the potato leaf area formation dynamics on gray forest soils of the Middle Volga steppe, its dependence on mineral nutrition level was revealed. Their impact on productivity and quality of potato tubers was identified. The efficacy of calculated doses of fertilizers for upcoming potato harvests were studied. Fertilizing crops by scheduled doses, counted by cash- balance method for upcoming yields of 25-40 tons per hectare, provided the formation of 90,5-98,0% of the target yield. The nitrate content in all versions of the experiment was below the maximum admissible concentration. However, with increasing fertilizers amount, their content was increased in 1,24-1,73 times (without fertilizers - 41 mg / kg of wet weight). As a result of studies of the dynamics of potato leaf area formation on gray forest soils of the Middle Volga steppe, we revealed its dependence on mineral nutrition level. The photosynthetic potential (PP) during the growing season of potato Udacha, was in the first version without fertilizers 2.173, the second 2.520, in the third 2.910, fourth 3.196 and fifth 3.575 million square meter per hectare * days, i.e. with an increase in fertilization rates, the photosynthetic potential increased accordingly to 0.347-1.402 million units, for every thousand units of photosynthetic potential we obtained from 7.2 to 10.8 kg potato tubers. A starch content varied from a few of fertilizers. The maximum starch content (14 %) was obtained in the second way, calculated on the tuber yield of 25 tons per hectare. A further increase in the background was led to some of its decline.

Starch synthesis in potato tubers transformed with the wheat genes for ADPglucose pyrophosphorylase

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn A. Vardy ◽  
Michael J. Emes ◽  
Michael M. Burrell
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Starch Synthesis ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Starch Biosynthesis ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Adpglucose Pyrophosphorylase ◽  
Plastid Targeting

The aim of this work was to study the role of ADPglucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase) in starch biosynthesis of non-photosynthetic organs. Agrobacterium tumefaciens was used to transform potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Desire�) with the wheat AGPase genes (AGP-S and AGP-L, coding for the small and large subunits, respectively). Neither of these genes contains a recognisable plastid targeting sequence. Southern analysis and analysis of starch content identified four lines that contained both wheat sequences. Immunoblotting indicated that, in the tubers, three lines expressed the wheat small subunit (AGP-S), but AGP-L cross-reacting protein was not apparent. The fourth transgenic line had reduced AGPase activity. AGPase activity in the AGP-transgenic tubers ranged from 15 to 165% of that found in β-glucuronidase (GUS) control lines.

VARIABILITY OF SPRING SOFT WHEAT PLANT HEIGHT IN THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION FOREST-STEPPE CONDITIONS

1970 ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
T. Yu. Taranova ◽  
Е. А. Demina ◽  
А. I. Kincharov ◽  
O. S. Mullayanova ◽  
K. Yu. Chekmasova
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Hydrothermal Coefficient ◽  
Spring Soft Wheat ◽  
Middle Volga

The results of the study of 250 collection samples of spring soft wheat of various ecological and geographical groups are presented in order to identify the source material that combines optimal plant height and high productivity for the conditions of the forest-steppe zone of the Middle Volga region. The work was carried out in 2017–2020 in the Samara region. The study and evaluation of samples was carried out according to the Methodology of the state variety testing and the methodological recommendations of the VIR. The average height of plants in the samples over the years of research varied within 68.5-109.2 cm, the coefficient of variation of the trait was 11.86-13.72 %. The presence of a positive average and weak correlation between the yield and plant height, regardless of the moisture conditions of the year (r = 0.15-0.47), was revealed. A strong positive relationship was observed between the height of the samples and the following weather factors: precipitation in June (r = 0.94), precipitation during the growing season (r = 0.87), hydrothermal coefficient of June (r = 0.93), hydrothermal coefficient for the growing season (r = 0.83). The highest grain yield was formed by samples from the group of undersized and medium-grown, on average 416 and 428 g/m2, respectively. A number of highly productive varieties were identified: 3 medium-grown samples (105 cm) with a yield of 419.7-435.7 g/m2 and 21 undersized samples (85-102 cm) with an average grain yield of 485.0-585.7 g/m2. Dwarf specimens sample a stable manifestation of short-stemmed growth over the years and high resistance to lodging were noted. According to the research results, it was found that the optimal height of plants for the forest-steppe zone of the Middle Volga region is in the range of 85-105 cm. The selected undersized and medium-grown samples with high grain yield and dwarf samples with high resistance to lodging are recommended for use in breeding programs of the region and places with similar conditions.

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