Modeling process of cutting of tree crowns and shrubs of green plantations

10.12737/6301 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-268
Author(s):  
Кречко ◽  
Lyudmila Krechko ◽  
Попиков ◽  
Viktor Popikov ◽  
Попиков ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Axis ◽  
Hydraulic Cylinder ◽  
Middle Section ◽  
Lower Section ◽  
Tree Crowns ◽  
Circular Saw ◽  
Modeling Process ◽  
Outer Section

For silvicultural care of green plantings in cities and towns new design of a working body with a circular saw mounted on the manipulator has been developed. The machine comprises a lifting mechanism with hydraulic cylinder, which is mounted on the rotating column. On a rotating column the lower section of the boom is installed, to which by a cylindrical hinge middle section of the boom and hydraulic cy-linder of control is attached. The upper part of the middle section of the boom by a cylindrical hinge is connected to the outer section equipped with a hydraulic cylinder of control. Inside the outer section mounted steering gear rod around its longitudinal axis.

scholarly journals IMPROVEMENT OF TECHNOLOGICAL EQUIPMENT OF THE MACHINE FOR TRIMMING TREE CROWNS IN ROADSIDE FOREST BELTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 205-210
Author(s):  
Попиков ◽  
Petr Popikov ◽  
Бухтояров ◽  
Leonid Bukhtoyarov
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Drive ◽  
Hydraulic Cylinder ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Cutting Process ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Hydraulic Motor ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Tree Crowns ◽  
Circular Saw

When cleaning cutting, pruning of branches of roadside trees and shelter belt contour cutters are widely used, cutters is designed for total horizontal, vertical and oblique trimming crowns. These devices are hinged or removable ones and aggregated with wheeled tractors of traction class 0.6 to 1.4 kN, widespread in forestry. Improving the design of such devices is made in the following areas: cutting devices and hydraulic drives. In the proposed working body of the machine for cutting tree crowns containing base machine, crane on the handle of which a rotary hydraulic motor (rotator)is mounted, the shaft of which has movable connection with the housing of the circular saw with one-sided sharpening in the direction of the detachable part of the branch, V-shaped emphasis in the form of unilateral action hydraulic cylinder with spring-loaded rod, piston cavity which is connected in series with the drain lines of the hydraulic motor which is mounted an adjustable throttle to create pressure of the working fluid (support). In this implementation of the device when circular goes deep into the branch, which is cut, the V - shaped support with spring-loaded rod moves all the way in the branch and eliminates the clamping of the saw blade in the cut, which will improve reliability and performance. The article has developed a mathematical model of device for pruning tree crowns by circular saw with hydraulic drive on the basis of common methodology for the simulation of planar mechanisms. Differential equations of the cutting process were composed. The model of proposed design of the device for cutting tree crowns allows to study the influence of geometrical and mechanical parameters of the branches of the trees, technological parameters of cutting process on energy consumption and quality of the cut, taking into account design parameters. The model allows also to assess the performance and to examine the effectiveness of the device in different operating conditions.

scholarly journals Mellkasi sérültek drenázsadatainak vizsgálata

2019 ◽  
Vol 160 (5) ◽  
pp. 172-178
Author(s):  
Ákos Csonka ◽  
Dávid Dózsai ◽  
Tamás Ecseri ◽  
István Gárgyán ◽  
István Csonka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Average Duration ◽  
Middle Section ◽  
Lower Section ◽  
Chest Drainage ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest Injuries ◽  
Method Clinical Data ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Trauma Surgeons ◽  
Injured Patients

Abstract: Introduction: Chest injuries cause a significant number of pneumothorax (PTX) and hemothorax (HTX). The most commonly used treatment is chest-tube drainage. The position of the tube is a prime necessity to achieve adequate drainage. Aim: To analyze the duration of chest drainage at the occurrence of PTX and HTX. To find what the underlying cause of drainage insufficiency is and whether there is any relation between the surgical qualification needed to the procedure. Method: Clinical data of 110 injured patients from 2011 to 2015 were collected and retrospectively analyzed. In the case of tube breaking or drainage insufficiency it was investigated if repositioning, usage of new tubes or insertion of additional tubes resolved the drainage insufficiency. Authors investigated the location of the tube on x-ray and CT, and the connection between the drainage insufficiency and the surgical qualifications needed to the procedure. Results: The average duration of chest drainage was 6.5 days. The duration of drainage was shorter by 1.9 days regarding the tube inserted in the middle section of the chest compared to the upper one and shorter by 1.2 days regarding the tube inserted in the lower section of the chest compared to the upper one. In the case of HTX, the duration of drainage was shorter by 2.8 days regarding the lower and by 3.6 days regarding the middle section compared to the upper position. Drainage insufficiency occurred in 30% of all cases. The duration of chest drainage was shorter after application of new tubes (9.5 days) than after reposition (10.2 days), but there was no significant difference. Conclusion: Chest injury is a wide entity, thus one standard protocol cannot be developed on the management of these injuries. Authors concluded that drainage duration decreases significantly if the position of the tube is in the middle or lower section of the chest. The high occurrence of drainage insufficiency was caused by inadequate tube positioning and tube breaking. The practical qualification of trauma surgeons did not play a significant role regarding the prevalence of drainage insufficiency rather if the tube positioning was appropriate. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(5): 172–178.

scholarly journals Geographic Record of Human Impact Conformance to Different Water Relationships Along a Coastal River (The Łupawa Catchment)

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Drwal ◽  
Roman Cieśliński ◽  
Joanna Fac-Beneda
Keyword(s):  
Human Impact ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Middle Section ◽  
Lower Section ◽  
Current State ◽  
Coastal River ◽  
River Drainage Basin ◽  
Regional Water ◽  
Hydrographic Network

Geographic Record of Human Impact Conformance to Different Water Relationships Along a Coastal River (The Łupawa Catchment) The purpose of this paper is to answer the following two questions: Can one infer the type of human impact found in the northern Pomorze region from the current state of the Łupawa basin? Did regional water relationships determine the type of human impact found in the area? A good place to search for an answer to these two questions is the Łupawa River drainage basin. The entire upper section of the river, upstream from the Bukowina, is characterized by a lack of substantial changes in the hydrographic network, resulting from man's apparent disinterest in the area. The middle section of the river is characterized by human impact in the form of the use of water resources for energy generation purposes (sawmills, gristmills, power plants). The lower section of the Łupawa that includes Lake Gardno is characterized by significant changes in water relationships associated with difficult discharge conditions. Finally, the mouth section of the river, given its location, has been adapted as a port facility.

scholarly journals FLORISTICS AND PHYTOSOCIOLOGY OF THE GALLERY FOREST OF THE BACABA STREAM, NOVA XAVANTINA, MATO GROSSO, BRAZIL

2002 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. S. MARIMON ◽  
J. M. FELFILI ◽  
E. S. LIMA
Keyword(s):  
Floristic Composition ◽  
River System ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Gallery Forest ◽  
Middle Section ◽  
Lower Section ◽  
Widespread Species ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Hymenaea Courbaril

The study was carried out on the gallery forest of the Bacaba stream situated in the Municipal Ecological Reserve ‘Mário Viana’ (14°43′S, 52°21′W) in Nova Xavantina, Eastern Mato Grosso, Brazil. Three sections of the gallery (upper, middle and lower) running downstream and differing in slope were surveyed by stratified sampling. Fortyseven nested 10m × 10m plots were analysed in each section, giving a total sampling area of 1.41ha overall. All trees or lianas ≥ 15cm girth at breast height were recorded and a total of 129 species belonging to 105 genera and 47 families were found. Diversity was high, with the Shannon index ranging from 3.84 nats/individual in the lower section to 4.08 in the middle section. The most important families (IVI) were Caesalpiniaceae (upper and middle sections) and Arecaceae (lower section), and the most important species were Diospyros obovata (upper section), Hymenaea courbaril var. stilbocarpa (middle section) and Mauritia flexuosa (lower section). Morisita and Sørensen indices of similarity were calculated. The floristic composition was complex and included species in common with a number of Brazilian forest types and with cerrado (savanna), as well as many widespread species, but stronger links with Amazonian forests could be detected. This is to be expected since the area lies in the ecotonal zone of the cerrado and Amazonian forest biomes and the Bacaba stream itself is a tributary of the Mortes–Araguaia–Amazon river system.

scholarly journals Stratigraphical reinterpretation of Devonian strata underlying the Mons Basin based on cuttings from the Saint-Ghislain borehole, Hainaut, Belgium

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 29-39
Author(s):  
Luciane LICOUR ◽  
Pascal GODERNIAUX ◽  
Nicolas DUPONT ◽  
Michel HENNEBERT ◽  
Rudy SWENNEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Middle Section ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Lower Section ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Geological Interpretation ◽  
Geothermal Potential ◽  
Calcareous Shale ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Lower Frasnian

It is revealed that the lowest 1010 m of the Saint-Ghislain borehole (-4393 to -5403 m), of which cuttings are available, constitutes a crucial source of information to investigate, amongst others, the deep geothermal potential within the Brabant Parautochthon, underlying the Mons Basin, Hainaut. The lithological succession of this interval was reconstructed based mainly on visual analysis and calcimetry of 852 cutting samples as well as four cored sections. Additionally, palynological, magnetic susceptibility and X-ray diffraction analyses were conducted in order to complement the dataset. The lower section of the investigated borehole sequence mainly consists of grey calcareous shale while the middle section is dominated by blue-grey shaly limestone and the upper section is mainly composed of green shale. Palynomorphs found at -5261 m suggest a latest Givetian–Early Frasnian age. A new lithostratigraphical interpretation of the deepest part of the Saint-Ghislain borehole is proposed. The lower calcareous shale from ‑5403 to ‑5100 m is interpreted as the Bovesse Formation (Lower Frasnian) and at its base possibly uppermost Givetian. The overlying limestones from -5100 to -4790 m can be attributed to the Rhisnes Formation (Upper Frasnian), and the green shale between ca. -4393 and -4790 m, to the Bois de la Rocq Member (Famennian). These results open new insights regarding the geological interpretation of the basement underlying the Mons Basin. They also present a promising approach and example regarding interpretations based on cuttings.

Landscape Characteristics of Jinsha River Basin (Yunnan Part) and Effects of Human Disturbance

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 5063-5069
Author(s):  
Ji Sheng Xia ◽  
Lin Yan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Landscape Fragmentation ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Ecological Environment ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Middle Section ◽  
Lower Section ◽  
Jinsha River ◽  
Open Pit Mines ◽  
Landscape Characteristics

The high population density and numerous open-pit mines in Jinsha River basin interfere local landscape to a large extent. The present paper discusses the relation between landscape characteristics and population density & area of open-pit mines, by dividing the basin into three sections (i.e. upstream, midstream and downstream) and conducting comparative analysis of the spatial relation between landscape characteristics and population density & area of open-pit mines. Study conclusions: ①major vegetation within the basin includes forestry, shrub grassland and xerophytic cultivated plants and the three sections significantly differ from each other: forestry is densely distributed in upper section, shrub in middle section and xerophytic cultivated plants in lower section; ②the spatial distribution rule of landscape fragmentation level is: middle section > lower section > upper section; ③ the spatial distribution landscape fragmentation level is in proportion to population density & area of open-pit mines: middle section has the highest population density and the largest number of open-pit mines, where the landscape is most seriously divided and patches are the most complicated; ④based on the previous conclusions, proposals for management, protection and control in different sections are provided: middle section – key zone of ecological environment management, upper section – key zone of ecological environment protection, lower section – key zone of ecological environment restoration and control. The study results can serve as ponderable reference for ecological protection and restoration in the basin.

Study on the Dust-Retention Capacity Resulting from Greenbelt of the Main Roads in Xuchang

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 1805-1808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Gang Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Middle Section ◽  
Lower Section ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Cedrus Deodara ◽  
Osmanthus Fragrans ◽  
Dust Retention

With the acceleration of urbanization, dust composed of solid particles has become one of the major air pollutants in urban areas. The dust-retention capacity and its spatial distribution of 8 greenbelt types are discussed. The results show that the dust-retention capacity of Cedrus deodara is the highest, and the total dust-retention capacity is (2.85±0.28) g/m2, in contrast, only (0.48±0.04) g/m2 for Ligustrum quihoui. Moreover, the dust-retention capacity of outside of 7 greenbelt types is higher than that of inside, except Osmanthus fragrans. The dust-retention capability of outside indicates an order of lower section, middle section and upper section, and an order of middle section, lower section and upper section of inside.

Warm and freeze-fracture of cotton seed radicles

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 984-985
Author(s):  
E. L. Vigil ◽  
E. F. Erbe
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Water Vapor ◽  
Fracture Surface ◽  
Membrane Structure ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Longitudinal Axis ◽  
Fracture Plane ◽  
Cotton Seeds ◽  
Condensed Water

In cotton seeds the radicle has 12% moisture content which makes it possible to prepare freeze-fracture replicas without fixation or cryoprotection. For this study we have examined replicas of unfixed radicle tissue fractured at room temperature to obtain data on organelle and membrane structure.Excised radicles from seeds of cotton (Gossyplum hirsutum L. M-8) were fractured at room temperature along the longitudinal axis. The fracture was initiated by spliting the basal end of the excised radicle with a razor. This procedure produced a fracture through the tissue along an unknown fracture plane. The warm fractured radicle halves were placed on a thin film of 100% glycerol on a flat brass cap with fracture surface up. The cap was rapidly plunged into liquid nitrogen and transferred to a freeze- etch unit. The sample was etched for 3 min at -95°C to remove any condensed water vapor and then cooled to -150°C for platinum/carbon evaporation.

Electronmicroscopic localization of ribonucleic acids in ciliate Bursaria truncatella during cell division

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 132-133
Author(s):  
Vladimir Popenko ◽  
Natalya Cherny ◽  
Maria Yakovleva
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Longitudinal Axis ◽  
Gold Complexes ◽  
Somatic Nucleus ◽  
Ribonucleic Acids ◽  
Biological Meaning ◽  
Bivalent Cations ◽  
Lowicryl K4m ◽  
Short Time

Highly polyploid somatic nucleus (macronucleus) of ciliate Bursaria truncatella under goes severe changes in morphology during cell division. At first, macronucleus (Ma) condences, diminishes in size and turns perpendicular to longitudinal axis of the cell. After short time, Ma turns again, elongates and only afterwards the process of division itself occurs. The biological meaning of these phenomena is not clear.Localization of RNA in the cells was performed on sections of ciliates B. truncatella, embedded in “Lowicryl K4M” at various stages: (1) before cell division (Figs. 2,3); (11) at the stage of macronucleus condensation; (111) during elongation of Ma (Fig.4); (1111) in young cells (0-5min. after division). For cytochemical labelling we used RNaseAcolloidal gold complexes (RNase-Au), which are known to bind to RNA containing cell ularstructures with high specificity. The influence of different parameters on the reliability and reproducibility of labelling was studied. In addition to the factors, discussed elsewhere, we found that the balance of mono- and bivalent cations is of great significance.

Synergy of surface textures on a hydraulic cylinder piston

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 424-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Liangcai Zeng ◽  
Zhenpeng Wu ◽  
Xianzhong Ding ◽  
Kuisheng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Cylinder ◽  
Surface Textures ◽  
Cylinder Piston
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document