Multiple alien bodies of the gastrointestinal tract (clinical supervision)

10.12737/6009 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Бабаева ◽  
A. Babaeva
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Clinical Supervision ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Clinical Observation ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Inflammatory Infiltrates ◽  
Partial Intestinal Obstruction

The article presents the results of clinical observation of a child with multiple alien bodies ileum, partial intestinal obstruction, inflammatory infiltrates of the abdominal cavity, multiple perforations of the ileum. The article maps the problems, arising in such situations, especially in pediatric patients. The question of the diagnosis of these conditions and the tactics of healing these patients is very difficult, especially when it comes to patients of early childhood.

scholarly journals A RARE CASE OF INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION CAUSED BY A FOREIGN BODY (HYDROGEL BALL) IN AN 11 MONTHS OLD CHILD

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-49
Author(s):  
A. N. Smirnov ◽  
M. A. Pronichev ◽  
Nadezhda B. Kireeva ◽  
N. M. Ganyushkin
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Foreign Body ◽  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Clinical Observation ◽  
Acute Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Pass Through

In children, foreign bodies of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) are common, 80-90% of them pass through the GIT without any problem. However, in some cases the clinical picture of peritonitis, intestinal obstruction, bleeding develops, which requires surgical treatment. Described in the article the clinical observation of acute intestinal obstruction in an 11-month-old child, after he has swallowed a hydrogel ball, will be useful for practicing pediatric surgeons.

MULTISYSTEM INFLAMMATORY SYNDROME IN CHILDREN ASSOCIATED WITH NEW CORONAVIRUS INFECTION (COVID-19): CLINICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL COMPARISONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 119-126
Author(s):  
D.Yu. Ovsyannikov ◽  
◽  
Yu.Yu. Novikova ◽  
D.S. Abramov ◽  
A.E. Angel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Shock Syndrome ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Clinical Observation ◽  
Systemic Vasculitis ◽  
Toxic Shock ◽  
Lethal Outcome ◽  
Severe Manifestation ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Inflammatory Infiltrates ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome

Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) associated with new coronavirus infection (COVID-19), with signs of Kawasaki disease (KD) and toxic shock syndrome, well-defined diagnostic criteria, is the most severe manifestation of COVID-19 in pediatric patients. MIS-C is analogous to the cytokine storm in children with COVID-19. The article presents a clinical observation of a child with MIS-C with a lethal outcome. Clinical and anamnestic data, the results of laboratory and instrumental research allowed to diagnose MIS-C in a 2-year-old girl with full KD form. Autopsy results, detailed microscopic examination, which revealed systemic vasculitis of small and mediumsized vessels, inflammatory infiltrates in different organs, are presented, clinical and morphological comparisons are made.

scholarly journals Phytobezoar Within Meckel’s Diverticulum Presenting With Partial Intestinal Obstruction

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Mosaddegh ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Ghafouri ◽  
Mahdi Rezai ◽  
Mohammad Reza Maghsoudi ◽  
Farzaneh Beigmohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Meckel’S Diverticulum ◽  
Ileocecal Valve ◽  
Meckel's Diverticulum ◽  
Midline Laparotomy ◽  
Ectopic Tissue ◽  
History Of ◽  
Partial Intestinal Obstruction

Introduction: Meckel’s Diverticulum (MD) affects approximately 2% of the population. Phytobezoar is defined as a vegetable and fiber-based ball in the gastrointestinal tract. We report a rare case of phytobezoar within MD presenting with partial intestinal obstruction. Case Reports: We hereby present a 20-year-old man who referred to the Emergency Department of a hospital with a two-day history of nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and constipation. He underwent a midline laparotomy with surgical exploration, which revealed an MD 60 cm proximal to ileocecal valve containing phytobezoar. Histopathology reported the extracted specimen as an MD without ectopic tissue. Conclusion: Meckel’s diverticulum can be affected by bezoars as well as other parts of the gastrointestinal tract. We recommend that phytobezoar within MD be considered among differential diagnosis of bowel obstruction.

scholarly journals Delayed Presentation of Congenital Jejunal Web beyond the Neonatal Period

2021 ◽  
pp. 545-550
Author(s):  
Mostafa Zain ◽  
Ahmed Khairi ◽  
Mohamed Abouheba
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Foreign Body ◽  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Failure To Thrive ◽  
Delayed Presentation ◽  
Volume Depletion ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Young Infants ◽  
Partial Intestinal Obstruction

Congenital web of the gastrointestinal tract is a rare anomaly which may present at any site of the gastrointestinal tract. In cases with an intact membrane, the presenting symptoms may take the form of complete intestinal obstruction while in other cases with a fenestrated membrane, it may present with partial intestinal obstruction such as failure to thrive, volume depletion, or poor body-weight gain, representing a chronic condition. It is very rare for a jejunal web to present with retention of accidently ingested foreign body. In this report, we document a case of 14-month boy with retention of accidently ingested button battery who was found to have a jejunal web on surgical exploration. This case report stresses on the importance of prevention of ingestion of inanimate foreign bodies especially in young infants and that the absence of symptoms does not preclude presence of foreign body in children. Also, surgeons should be prepared to deal with other unsuspected findings intraoperatively. After a review of the literature, jejunal web should be considered in the differential diagnosis of chronic partial intestinal obstruction even in adults.

Two Siblings with Total Colonic Aganglionosis Extended to the Ileum

Swiss Surgery ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 187-189
Author(s):  
Aslan ◽  
Caglar ◽  
Karagüzel ◽  
Melikoglu
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Loop Ileostomy ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Disease Type ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Entire Colon ◽  
Total Colonic Aganglionosis ◽  
Protective Ileostomy ◽  
Definitive Surgery ◽  
Partial Intestinal Obstruction

Total colonic aganglionosis (TCA) extended to the ileum is seen quite rare among infants with Hirschsprung's disease. Type and timing of definitive surgery in these patients are controversial. This report was presented to discuss the management of two siblings with TCA. Case 1: A two-day-old girl was operated for partial intestinal obstruction. During laparotomy, serial frozen biopsies proved TCA extended to the terminal ileum and a loop ileostomy was performed. At five months of age, a modified Duhamel-Martin procedure without protective ileostomy was performed. An endo-GIA stapler was transanally used for colo-ileal anastomosis. She is doing well for the last five years. Case 2: A one-day-old boy admitted to the hospital with similar findings to his sister. Frozen biopsies during first laparotomy proved that majority of ileum and entire colon was aganglionic and a proximal ileostomy was performed. At 10 months of age, he underwent a similar Duhamel-Martin operation. He is in a good condition for the last four years. Conclusion: In infants, our modification on Duhamel-Martin procedure, which is based on the use of an endo-GIA stapler transanally for colo-ileal anastomosis without protective ileostomy, may be utilized as an alternative method in the definitive treatment of patients with TCA.

CHANGES IN SMALL INTESTINE MICROFLORA IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION

2020 ◽  
pp. 16-18
Author(s):  
V. M. Lykhman ◽  
O. M. Shevchenko ◽  
Ye. O. Bilodid ◽  
Igor Vladimirovich Volchenko ◽  
I. A. Kulyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Acute Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Mechanical Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Facultative Anaerobic Bacteria

Among urgent surgical diseases of abdominal cavity, an acute intestinal obstruction is the most difficult to be diagnosed and treated. Leading factor, determining the development of pathophysiological processes is considered to be the progressive manifestations of enteric insufficiency syndrome, resulting in intestinal barrier impairment, negative changes in ecology of intestinal flora, increased endotoxins. To identify the small intestine microflora in acute intestinal obstruction and determine the role of dysbiotic disorders in clinical manifestations of main pathological process, a study was conducted in 60 patients with mechanical intestinal obstruction. The small intestine has a relatively rare microflora, consisting mainly of gram−positive facultative aerobic microorganisms, streptococci, lactobacilli. The distal ileum in nearly 30−55 % of healthy people contains scanty microflora, and yet the flora of this area differs from the microbial population of the higher gastrointestinal tract due to higher concentration of gram−negative bacteria. Optional−anaerobic coliform bacilli, anaerobic bifidobacteria and fusobacteria, bacteroids, the number of which starts exceeding the one of gram−positive species, are presented in significant quantities. Distal to the ileocecal valve there are significant changes in the microflora quantitative and species composition. Obligatory anaerobic bacteria become the predominant part of microflora, exceeding the number of aerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria. The bacterial flora in different parts of gastrointestinal tract has its own specifics and is quite constant, as a result of the interaction of many factors, regulating the bacterial population in small intestine. The most important among them are: acidity of gastric juice, normal peristaltic activity of the intestine, bacterial interactions and immune mechanisms. Disorders of the intestine motor and evacuation function with its obstruction lead to slow passage of the chyme and contamination of the upper gastrointestinal tract with new types of microbes. There is a syndrome of small intestine excessive colonization, which means an increased concentration of bacterial populations in it, similar in species composition to the colon microflora. Pathological intra−intestinal contents become a source of endogenous infection and re−infection of the patient, leads to internal digestive disorders, which is manifested by syndrome of malabsorption of proteins, carbohydrates and vitamins. Key words: acute intestinal obstruction, small intestinal microflora, conditionally pathogenic microorganisms, intestinal biocenosis.

Early concepts of nutrition, digestion, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and their treatment: from Hippocrates and Galen to Maimonides

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. B. Gubergrits ◽  
N. V. Byelyayeva ◽  
K. Y. Linevska
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Roman Army ◽  
Theoretical Medicine ◽  
Anatomy And Physiology ◽  
Humoral Pathology ◽  
The Future ◽  
Albrecht Von Haller

For over a thousand years, Hippocrates and Galen have been the Alpha and Omega of medical knowledge. Despite the importance of their contributions to clinical and theoretical medicine, they lacked a true understanding of anatomy and physiology. Hippocrates is commonly associated with proposing the doctrine of «tissue fluids», or humoral pathology, and his book, «On the Nature of Man», promotes this point of view. Galen became inherited the knowledge of Hippocrates. Ultimately, he was recognized as one of the most influential physicians of all time. The number of his works was enormous: he wrote more than a hundred books, which were widely distributed. One of Galen’s main commandments was the rule of harmony: all body systems are balanced; disease is a result of an imbalance. As one might expect, some of his ideas, however, were erroneous. Aristotle considered the pancreas, due to its location in the abdominal cavity, as an organ which only task was to protect the adjacent vessels. In an era when unknown diseases wreaked havoc, the concept of known causes of diseases led to the fascination with the study of food poisons and their antidotes. This was common among aristocracy who felt particularly vulnerable to this kind of threats. According to legend, one of the most famous connoisseurs of poisons was Mithridates VI. Pedanius Dioscorides was a Greek who served in the Roman army during the reign of the emperor Nero. The wandering nature of life led him to study a large number of diseases and medicines. The catalogue of his medicinal herbs and plants became the basis for the study and understanding of the medicinal properties of plants. Liver was considered the source of divine prophecy in many ancient cultures. The anatomy of liver was well known in ancient Babylon: a huge number of clay tablets and objects were left, which testify to the importance of «hepatoscopy» in the Middle East as a form of prediction. Those who used the insides of animals for divination (e.g., haruspices — divine interpreters of the future, using the liver as a prediction tool), could be considered the first official anatomists, since the understanding of the future depended on accurate knowledge and interpretation of certain liver components. After the victory of the Assyrian king Sargon over the forces of Urartu and Zikirti in 718 BC, Sargon wanted to appease the gods by sacrificing animals; in doing so, he studied their livers for predictions. Although the concept of pancreas is rooted in ancient times, as evidenced by the comments of haruspices and priests, knowledge of the organ functions eluded humanity until the works by Danish physiologists Francis Sylvius and Regnier de Graaf. Prior to their studies of pancreatic secretion and the elucidation of the role of pancreas in digestion, described by van Helmont and Albrecht von Haller, most researchers focused on the anatomical description of the organ. If the ancient Assyrians and Mesopotamians did not believe that liver predicts the future, but believed that it was pancreas that did it, then pancreatology may have earlier origins. Maimonides, a Jewish scholar and humanist, was also influential in other fields: he condemned astrology and its attempts to calculate the time of the Messiah’s coming. In the field of medicine, he paid attention to prevention, and was interested in the treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. By the beginning of our era, ideas about digestion, diseases of the digestive tract and their treatment remained very vague. There was a long and difficult way ahead in this area.  

scholarly journals Gastric duplication cyst with localization in the pancreas in children

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
Yurii Yu. Sokolov ◽  
Artem M. Efremenkov ◽  
Aleksandr P. Zykin ◽  
Elena L. Tumanova ◽  
Zhanna R. Omarova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Clinical Observation ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Duplication Cyst ◽  
The Body ◽  
Recurrent Bleeding ◽  
Gastric Duplication ◽  
Gastric Duplication Cyst ◽  
Gastric Type

Introduction. Gastric duplication cyst is a rare clinical observation. More often, these cysts are localized in the fundus or body of the stomach and have a common muscle layers and blood supply. Even more rarely, duplication cysts are not anatomically connected to the stomach and are located in other parts of the abdominal cavity or in the retroperitoneal space. Cystic duplication of the gastrointestinal tract, which are localized in the pancreas, is extremely rare. The aim of the study is to demonstrate the possibility of using laparoscopy for this disease. Materials and methods. The paper describes three rare clinical observations of gastric duplication cyst topographically associated with the pancreas. In the first clinical observation, gastric duplication cyst was combined with mediastinal duplication cysts, an esophageal bronchial fistula, and extralobar pulmonary sequestrations. In the second observation, a duplication cyst had communication with the pancreatic duct system and was clinically manifested by recurrent bleeding. In the third case, a duplication cyst is diagnosed behind the body and tail of the pancreas. Results. In all cases, surgical treatment was carried out by the laparoscopic method, leading to complete recovery. Histological examination in all the described observations confirmed the gastric type of epithelium of the mucous membrane of the cysts. The article provides a review of the literature. Conclusion. Thus, the efficiency of laparoscopic interventions in children with gastric duplications topographically associated with the pancreas was demonstrated. The described rare clinical manifestations, a combination of defects, as well as the possible presence of heterotopy of the mucous membrane of the duplication cyst confirm the need for surgical correction of the disease.

OCCULT BLOOD LOSS IN IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA OF INFANCY

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1961 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-203
Author(s):  
M. Silvija Hoag ◽  
Ralph O. Wallerstein ◽  
Myron Pollycove
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Blood Loss ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Occult Blood ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Observation Period

Blood loss from the gastrointestinal tract was measured in 13 infants with iron deficiency anemia, using radioiron as a tracer. The radioiron was given intravenously; radioactivity in the erythrocytes and feces was measured for the following 3 to 4 weeks. The percentage of total Fe administered that was recovered in the stools varied between 0.75 and 16.4%, with a mean of 5.75%. This represents loss of whole blood in the stools varying from 7 to 107 ml, with a mean of 41 ml during the observation period. Occult blood loss from the gastrointestinal tract appears to be a significant factor in the development of iron deficiency in early childhood.

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