Geographic researches of Nerchinsk expedition in Siberia in the middle of XVIII century

The article is devoted to review of the activities in Ί753-Ί765 years Nerchiskoi expedition to find a transport route from lake Baikal to the Okhotsk coast of the Pacific ocean. Analysis of the collected surveyors geographical information gives the opportunity to show the level of development of domestic science of the XVIII century, the interethnic relations and geopolitical problems, especially studied landscapes of Transbaikalia and the upper Amur basin.