Field research on distribution of vertical stresses and deformations in the sand base of the strip foundations with beam elements

10.12737/3384 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Дмитрий Архипов ◽  
Dmitriy Arkhipov ◽  
Сергей Евтушенко ◽  
Sergey Evtushenko
Keyword(s):  
Field Research ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Normal Stresses ◽  
Strip Foundation ◽  
Arch Height ◽  
Strain Behavior ◽  
Beam Elements ◽  
Foundation Model ◽  
Foundation Base ◽  
Sand Base

The article presents the results of the field research on distribution of normal stresses and relative deformations in the sand base along the vertical axis in the gap between the extended beam elements of strip foundation model with variable geometric shape of the foundation base. In the field research of Stress-Strain Behavior (SSB) of the subfoundation of strip foundation model based on beam elements, it is found that the height of the soil curved arch occurring between the extended elements of the foundation base, increases during loading and when approaching the ultimate loading the experimental value of the arch height tends to the theoretical value defined by the formula proposed by M.M. Protodyakonov.

Field research on depth distribution of normal stresses in the mass of sand base of the strip foundations with beam elements

10.12737/3383 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-16
Author(s):  
Дмитрий Архипов ◽  
Dmitriy Arkhipov ◽  
Сергей Евтушенко ◽  
Sergey Evtushenko
Keyword(s):  
Depth Distribution ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Normal Stresses ◽  
Beam Elements ◽  
Foundation Model ◽  
Foundation Base ◽  
Sand Base ◽  
Base Diagrams

The article presents the results of the field research on depth distribution of normal stresses in the mass of sand base in the transverse alignment of the foundation model with variable geometric shape of the foundation base. Diagrams of the distribution of normal stresses are constructed on the results of the experiments being held, and presence of the arching phenomenon in the gap between the extended elements of the foundation being confirmed.

Field research of a wedge-shaped core on the models of the strip foundations with variable geometric shape

10.12737/3382 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-12
Author(s):  
Дмитрий Архипов ◽  
Dmitriy Arkhipov ◽  
Сергей Евтушенко ◽  
Sergey Evtushenko ◽  
Геннадий Скибин ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Natural Extension ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Strip Foundation ◽  
Foundation Model ◽  
Foundation Base ◽  
Solid Part ◽  
Sand Base ◽  
Core Base ◽  
Soil Area

Many authors noted in the field research on the models of rigid foundations that a compacted wedge-shaped core of soil is formed with the destruction of the bases, which is a natural extension of the foundation. In the research of the strip foundation model with variable geometric shape of the foundation base, a compaction soil area of spherical shape with a diameter close to the width of the foundation model is found on a sand base. A wedge-shaped core, along the edges of which there has been a shift in mass of the base when achieving the ultimate loading, has been noted in a compaction soil area. The solid part of the foundation base is the compacted wedge-shaped core base, the height of the wedge-shaped core being commensurate with the length of the elements forming the foundation. Identified geometric parameters of compacted core under the foundation base of strip foundation with geometrically variable shape can be used in determining the ultimate bearing capacity of soil of the base for such foundations.

Nγ for rough strip footing using the method of characteristics

2003 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 669-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyant Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Modeling ◽  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Method Of Characteristics ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Strip Footing ◽  
Slip Lines ◽  
The Method Of Characteristics ◽  
Foundation Base ◽  
Axis Of Symmetry ◽  
Bearing Capacity Factor

By using the method of characteristics, the bearing capacity factor Nγ was computed for a rough strip footing. The analysis was performed by considering a curved nonplastic wedge under the foundation base bounded by curved slip lines being tangential to the base of the footing at its either edge and inclined at an angle π/4 - ϕ/2 with the vertical axis of symmetry. The existing theories in the literature for rough footings, which usually employ a triangular wedge below the footing base, were generally found to provide greater values of Nγ as compared with the results obtained in this contribution.Key words: bearing capacity, foundations, failure, numerical modeling, plasticity.

Environmental microscopy of capillary stress-induced strain behavior in ambient-pressure aerogels

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 850-851
Author(s):  
Sudeep M. Rao ◽  
Joshua Samuel ◽  
Sai S. Prakash ◽  
C. Jeffrey Brinker
Keyword(s):  
Silica Aerogel ◽  
Ambient Pressure ◽  
Drying Shrinkage ◽  
Pore Filling ◽  
Silica Network ◽  
Strain Behavior ◽  
Partially Saturated ◽  
Capillary Stress ◽  
Wetting Liquid ◽  
Aerogel Films

Ambient pressure silica aerogel thin films have recently been prepared by exploiting reversible drying shrinkage caused by derivatization of the internal gel surface. Aerogels have porosities of upto 99.9% and due to the small size of the pores (few nanometers), large capillary stresses are produced in gels that are partially saturated with a wetting liquid. As a result of these capillary stresses, the flexible silica network undergoes strain which has been observed using environmental microscopy. This technique allows variation of the equilibrium vapor pressure and temperature, and a simultaneous monitoring of the deformation of the unconstrained film thickness. We have observed >600% deformation during the pore-filling and pore-emptying cycles. In this presentation, we discuss the unique stress-strain behavior of these films.Ref.: Sai S. Prakash, C. Jeffrey Brinker, Alan J. Hurd & Sudeep M. Rao, "Silica aerogel films prepared at ambient pressure by using surface derivatization to induce reversible drying shrinkage", Nature. Vol. 374, 30 March, 1995, 439-443.

The zoonotic potential of bat-borne coronaviruses

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-381
Author(s):  
Ny Anjara Fifi Ravelomanantsoa ◽  
Sarah Guth ◽  
Angelo Andrianiaina ◽  
Santino Andry ◽  
Anecia Gentles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Material ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Mammalian Host ◽  
Past Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
Novel Host ◽  
Horseshoe Bat ◽  
Human Infections

Seven zoonoses — human infections of animal origin — have emerged from the Coronaviridae family in the past century, including three viruses responsible for significant human mortality (SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2) in the past twenty years alone. These three viruses, in addition to two older CoV zoonoses (HCoV-229E and HCoV-NL63) are believed to be originally derived from wild bat reservoir species. We review the molecular biology of the bat-derived Alpha- and Betacoronavirus genera, highlighting features that contribute to their potential for cross-species emergence, including the use of well-conserved mammalian host cell machinery for cell entry and a unique capacity for adaptation to novel host environments after host switching. The adaptive capacity of coronaviruses largely results from their large genomes, which reduce the risk of deleterious mutational errors and facilitate range-expanding recombination events by offering heightened redundancy in essential genetic material. Large CoV genomes are made possible by the unique proofreading capacity encoded for their RNA-dependent polymerase. We find that bat-borne SARS-related coronaviruses in the subgenus Sarbecovirus, the source clade for SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, present a particularly poignant pandemic threat, due to the extraordinary viral genetic diversity represented among several sympatric species of their horseshoe bat hosts. To date, Sarbecovirus surveillance has been almost entirely restricted to China. More vigorous field research efforts tracking the circulation of Sarbecoviruses specifically and Betacoronaviruses more generally is needed across a broader global range if we are to avoid future repeats of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Spatial Representations as an Emergent Feature of Perceptual Processing

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edmund Wascher ◽  
C. Beste
Keyword(s):  
Common Ground ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Integrated Network ◽  
Perceptual Maps ◽  
Emergent Feature ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Selection Of

Spatial selection of relevant information has been proposed to reflect an emergent feature of stimulus processing within an integrated network of perceptual areas. Stimulus-based and intention-based sources of information might converge in a common stage when spatial maps are generated. This approach appears to be inconsistent with the assumption of distinct mechanisms for stimulus-driven and top-down controlled attention. In two experiments, the common ground of stimulus-driven and intention-based attention was tested by means of event-related potentials (ERPs) in the human EEG. In both experiments, the processing of a single transient was compared to the selection of a physically comparable stimulus among distractors. While single transients evoked a spatially sensitive N1, the extraction of relevant information out of a more complex display was reflected in an N2pc. The high similarity of the spatial portion of these two components (Experiment 1), and the replication of this finding for the vertical axis (Experiment 2) indicate that these two ERP components might both reflect the spatial representation of relevant information as derived from the organization of perceptual maps, just at different points in time.

Understanding Suicide Terrorism

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (04) ◽  
pp. 245-250
Author(s):  
A. Speckhard
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Suicide Terrorism ◽  
Terrorist Organizations ◽  
Global Migration ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Single Region ◽  
Extensive Field ◽  
The World ◽  
Terrorist Groups

SummaryAs a terror tactic, suicide terrorism is one of the most lethal as it relies on a human being to deliver and detonate the device. Suicide terrorism is not confined to a single region or religion. On the contrary, it has a global appeal, and in countries such as Syria, Iraq, Afghanistan, and Pakistan it has come to represent an almost daily reality as it has become the weapon of choice for some of the most dreaded terrorist organizations in the world, such as ISIS and al-Qaeda. Drawing on over two decades of extensive field research in five distinct world regions, specifically the Middle East, Western Europe, North America, Russia, and the Balkans, the author discusses the origins of modern day suicide terrorism, motivational factors behind suicide terrorism, its global migration, and its appeal to modern-day terrorist groups to embrace it as a tactic.

IMPLEMENTASI MANAJEMEN KURIKULUM MADRASAH MUROTTILIL QUR’AN AL-RIFA’IE 2 MALANG

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Akhmad Ulul Albab
Keyword(s):  
Planning Process ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Observation Time ◽  
Curriculum Planning ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Learning Program ◽  
Planning Stage ◽  
Academic Calendar

This thesis aims to examine the management process applied in the Madrasah Murottilil Qur'an Al-Rifa'ie 2 Malang. Beginning with the curriculum planning process, implementing the curriculum, and how to evaluate the curriculum of the Madrasah Murottilil Qur'an Al-Rifa'ie 2 Malang. This research aims to find out and describe the managerial process of the curriculum, and the inhibiting factors in the implementation of efforts to achieve the vision, mission that has been set.This thesis is a report on the results of field research using a qualitative descriptive method with a case study research approach that takes place at the Al-Rifa'ie 2 Malang Boarding School.Data collection is done by interview, observation, and documentation. Data analysis is done by reducing data, then presenting data, and finally from the compiled data conclusions are drawn. Checking the validity of the data is done with credibility which includes Triangulation, peer checking, extension of observation time, increasing perseverance.The results of the analysis show that the curriculum management implemented by p Madrasah Murottilil Qur'an Al-Rifa'ie 2 At the planning stage, the process carried out was planning the implementation time, the learning program, making the academic calendar, and how the evaluation was held. At the implementation stage, it starts with a new santri test, conducts learning and conducts an ascension test. The evaluation process is carried out at least 2x in one month, and 1 and after one semester.

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