scholarly journals Progress cargo spacecraft observed with the AZT-33IK optical telescope

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 22-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Евгений Клунко ◽  
Evgeny Klunko ◽  
Максим Еселевич ◽  
Maxim Eselevich ◽  
Владимир Тергоев ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Object Tracking ◽  
Measuring Equipment ◽  
Outer Space ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Solar Observatory ◽  
Space Experiment ◽  
Optical Observations ◽  
Optical Telescope ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Optical Phenomena

In this paper, we describe a telescope and measuring equipment used for optical observations of Progress cargo spacecraft (PCS), which were made during Radar–Progress space experiment sessions. We also demonstrate object tracking and measurement techniques. The observations were made with the optical telescope AZT-33IK at the Sayan Solar Observatory of ISTP SB RAS. During many of the sessions, we registered optical phenomena that occurred in regions of space surrounding the PCS and appeared due to the work of PCS onboard engines. The data we obtained can be used to independently control the geometry of the experiment and to analyze physical conditions in outer space.

Progress cargo spacecraft observed with the AZT-33IK optical telescope

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Евгений Клунко ◽  
Evgeny Klunko ◽  
Максим Еселевич ◽  
Maxim Eselevich ◽  
Владимир Тергоев ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Object Tracking ◽  
Measuring Equipment ◽  
Outer Space ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Solar Observatory ◽  
Space Experiment ◽  
Optical Observations ◽  
Optical Telescope ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Optical Phenomena

In this paper, we describe a telescope and measuring equipment used for optical observations of Progress cargo spacecraft (PCS), which were made during Radar–Progress space experiment sessions. We also describe object tracking and measurement techniques. The observations were made with the optical telescope AZT-33IK at Sayan Solar Observatory of ISTP SB RAS. During many of the sessions, we registered optical phenomena that occurred in regions of space surrounding PCS and appeared due to the work of PCS onboard engines. The data we obtained can be used to independently control the geometry of the experiment and to analyze physical conditions in outer space.

Survival of Spores of Trichoderma longibrachiatum in Space: data from the Space Experiment SPORES on EXPOSE-R

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katja Neuberger ◽  
Astrid Lux-Endrich ◽  
Corinna Panitz ◽  
Gerda Horneck
Keyword(s):  
Outer Space ◽  
Dose Range ◽  
Space Station ◽  
Low Earth Orbit ◽  
Space Experiment ◽  
Full Spectrum ◽  
Trichoderma Longibrachiatum ◽  
Ethidium Bromide Staining ◽  
Limiting Parameters ◽  
Space Data

AbstractIn the space experiment ‘Spores in artificial meteorites’ (SPORES), spores of the fungus Trichoderma longibrachiatum were exposed to low-Earth orbit for nearly 2 years on board the EXPOSE-R facility outside of the International Space Station. The environmental conditions tested in space were: space vacuum at 10−7–10−4 Pa or argon atmosphere at 105 Pa as inert gas atmosphere, solar extraterrestrial ultraviolet (UV) radiation at λ > 110 nm or λ > 200 nm with fluences up to 5.8 × 108 J m−2, cosmic radiation of a total dose range from 225 to 320 mGy, and temperature fluctuations from −25 to +50°C, applied isolated or in combination. Comparable control experiments were performed on ground. After retrieval, viability of spores was analysed by two methods: (i) ethidium bromide staining and (ii) test of germination capability. About 30% of the spores in vacuum survived the space travel, if shielded against insolation. However, in most cases no significant decrease was observed for spores exposed in addition to the full spectrum of solar UV irradiation. As the spores were exposed in clusters, the outer layers of spores may have shielded the inner part. The results give some information about the likelihood of lithopanspermia, the natural transfer of micro-organisms between planets. In addition to the parameters of outer space, sojourn time in space seems to be one of the limiting parameters.

scholarly journals One- and Two-Band Sensors and Algorithms to Derive aCDOM(440) from Global Above- and In-Water Optical Observations

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (16) ◽  
pp. 5384
Author(s):  
Stanford B. Hooker ◽  
Henry F. Houskeeper ◽  
Randall N. Lind ◽  
Koji Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Optical Sensors ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Autonomous Systems ◽  
Optical Observations ◽  
Optical Systems ◽  
Biogeochemical Processes ◽  
Spectral Absorption ◽  
Spectral Absorption Coefficient ◽  
Fit For Purpose ◽  
The Cost

The colored (or chromophoric, depending on the literature) dissolved organic matter (CDOM) spectral absorption coefficient, aCDOM(λ), is a variable of global interest that has broad application in the study of biogeochemical processes. Within the funding for scientific research, there is an overarching trend towards increasing the scale of observations both temporally and spatially, while simultaneously reducing the cost per sample, driving a systemic shift towards autonomous sensors and observations. Legacy aCDOM(λ) measurement techniques can be cost-prohibitive and do not lend themselves toward autonomous systems. Spectrally rich datasets carefully collected with advanced optical systems in diverse locations that span a global range of water bodies, in conjunction with appropriate quality assurance and processing, allow for the analysis of methods and algorithms to estimate aCDOM(440) from spectrally constrained one- and two-band subsets of the data. The resulting algorithms were evaluated with respect to established fit-for-purpose criteria as well as quality assured archival data. Existing and proposed optical sensors capable of exploiting the algorithms and intended for autonomous platforms are identified and discussed. One-band in-water algorithms and two-band above-water algorithms showed the most promise for practical use (accuracy of 3.0% and 6.5%, respectively), with the latter demonstrated for an airborne dataset.

On-Orbit Optical Observations of Electric Propulsion Space Experiment 26-Kilowatt Arcjet

2002 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 763-767 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. K. Johnson ◽  
G. G. Spanjers ◽  
D. R. Bromaghim ◽  
M. W. Dulligan ◽  
W. A. Hoskins
Keyword(s):  
Electric Propulsion ◽  
Space Experiment ◽  
Optical Observations

scholarly journals ANALISA PERILAKU DAN RUANG ARSITEKTUR PADA BANGUNAN PASAR BUAH KOTA LHOKSEUMAWE

Teras Jurnal ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 286
Author(s):  
Effan Fahrizal
Keyword(s):  
Outer Space ◽  
Field Analysis ◽  
Internal Space ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Physical Analysis ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Light Color ◽  
Space Activities ◽  
Descriptive Method

<p align="center"><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p> </p><p>Perilaku arsitektur adalah aktivitas manusia baik yang dapat diamati langsung maupun tidak yang terjadi dalam suatu bangunan atau lingkungan sekitar, sedangkan ruang adalah sesuatu kesatuan yang terbatas atau tidak terbatas sama dengan sebuah tempat yang kosong yang di persiapkan dengan kapasitas tertentu untuk di wadahi barang. Perilaku dan ruang arsitektur yang dimaksud pada penelitian ini ialah tentang bagaimana aktivitas yang terjadi sehari-hari antar pedagang dan pembeli yang ada di Pasar Buah tersebut. Pasar ini terletak di jalan Pasar Buah, desa Pusong Baru, kecamatan Banda Sakti, kota Lhokseumawe. Permasalahan pada penelitian ini adalah tentang penggunaan ruang yang tidak maksimal di mana ruang tersebut tidak digunakan dengan baik oleh pedagang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui factor yang membuat pedagang tidak menempati ruang dalam, dan bagaimana kondisi fisik pasar tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan analisa langsung di lapangan selama dua minggu. Konsepnya dilakukan dalam bentuk analisa aktivitas masing-masing blok dan analisa fisik tentang letak, cahaya, warna, penghawaan, sirkulasi, material dan dimensi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ruang bagian dalam dari pasar buah tidak terpakai karena faktor pembeli yang sedikit karena sepi pembeli maka pedagang lebih banyak menempati ruang luar supaya pembeli yang datang banyak. Selain itu faktor fisik bangunan bagian dalam yang kurang cahaya dan penghawaan sehingga  membuat  pedagang  tidak nyaman menempati ruang bagian dalam.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p>Kata Kunci: <em>Perilaku, Ruang, Aktivitas</em></p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong> </strong></p><p align="center"><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p class="11daftarpustaka"> </p><p>Architectural behavior is a human activity that can be observed directly or indirectly that occurs in a building or the surrounding environment, while space is a limited or unlimited unit equal to an empty place that is prepared with a certain capacity to contain goods. The architectural behavior and space referred to in this study is about how the daily activities occur between traders and buyers at the Fruit Market. This market is located on Jalan Pasar Buah, Pusong Baru village, Banda Sakti sub-district, Lhokseumawe city. The problem in this study is about the use of space that is not optimal where the space is not used properly by traders. The purpose of this study is to determine the factors that prevent traders from occupying internal space, and how the physical conditions of the market are. This study used a qualitative descriptive method with direct field analysis for two weeks. The concept is carried out in the form of activity analysis of each block and physical analysis of location, light, color, ventilation, circulation, material and dimensions. Based on the results of the study, it shows that the inner space of the fruit market is not used because of the lack of buyers because there are fewer buyers, so the traders occupy more of the outer space so that more buyers come. In addition, the physical factors of the inner building are lacking in light and air, so that it makes traders uncomfortable occupying the inner space.<br /> <br /> Keywords: <em>Behavior, Space, Activities</em></p><p class="11daftarpustaka"> </p>

scholarly journals Twisting flux tubes as a cause of micro-flaring activity

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (S247) ◽  
pp. 360-363
Author(s):  
D. B. Jess ◽  
R. T. J. McAteer ◽  
M. Mathioudakis ◽  
F. P. Keenan ◽  
A. Andic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Observatory ◽  
Optical Observations ◽  
Bright Point ◽  
Solar Telescope ◽  
Camera System ◽  
Flux Tubes ◽  
National Solar Observatory ◽  
Blue Wing ◽  
Significance Levels ◽  
High Cadence

AbstractHigh-cadence optical observations of an H-α blue-wing bright point near solar AR NOAA 10794 are presented. The data were obtained with the Dunn Solar Telescope at the National Solar Observatory/Sacramento Peak using a newly developed camera system, the rapid dual imager. Wavelet analysis is undertaken to search for intensity-related oscillatory signatures, and periodicities ranging from 15 to 370 s are found with significance levels exceeding 95%. During two separate microflaring events, oscillation sites surrounding the bright point are observed to twist. We relate the twisting of the oscillation sites to the twisting of physical flux tubes, thus giving rise to reconnection phenomena. We derive an average twist velocity of 8.1 km/s and detect a peak in the emitted flux between twist angles of 180° and 230°.

scholarly journals Optical observations of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko with the Nordic Optical Telescope

2015 ◽  
Vol 583 ◽  
pp. A10 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Zaprudin ◽  
H. J. Lehto ◽  
K. Nilsson ◽  
T. Pursimo ◽  
A. Somero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Observations ◽  
Optical Telescope ◽  
Comet 67P

scholarly journals The Earth's variable rotation: some geophysical causes

1988 ◽  
Vol 128 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Kurt Lambeck
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Banded Iron Formations ◽  
Optical Telescope ◽  
Considerable Uncertainty ◽  
The Past ◽  
Driving Mechanisms ◽  
Organic Growth ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Iron Formations ◽  
The Magnetic Field

The Earth's variable rotation, its departures from what it would be if it were a rigid body rotating in isolation, has occupied the interest of astronomers and geophysicists for more than 100 years. The reason for this is quite clear when one becomes aware of the range of processes that perturb the Earth from uniform rotation (Figure 1). A complete understanding of the driving mechanisms requires a study of the deformation of the solid Earth, of fluid motions in the core and the magnetic field, of the mass redistributions and motions within the oceans and atmosphere, and of the interactions between the solid and fluid regions. The discussion of evidence for the variable rotation includes the examination of not only a variety of optical telescope evidence that goes back some 300 years, but also of historical records of lunar and solar eclipses, and planetary occultations and conjunctions for perhaps the past three millenia. The geological record, in the form of fossil growth rhythms in organisms such as corals, bivals or brachiopods or as cyclic organic growth and sediment sequences such as stromatolites or banded iron formations, extend, albeit with considerable uncertainty, the record back through Phanerozoic time and into the Early Precambrian. To this variety of measurement techniques now has to be added the new methods derived from the space-oriented technological developments of the past few decades.

scholarly journals Cloud Structure and Physical Conditions in Star‐forming Regions from Optical Observations. II. Analysis

2005 ◽  
Vol 633 (2) ◽  
pp. 986-1004 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Pan ◽  
S. R. Federman ◽  
Y. Sheffer ◽  
B‐G Andersson
Keyword(s):  
Optical Observations ◽  
Cloud Structure ◽  
Star Forming ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Star Forming Regions
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