Bond quality of timber in technology of the laminated board for dwelling houses

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 127-134
Author(s):  
Разиньков ◽  
Egor Razinkov
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Bond Quality ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
Timber Quality ◽  
Home Building ◽  
Harmful Substances

The article deals with laminated board production. In recent years laminated board produc-tion is widely developed for home building. Despite rather high cost of houses from such bar demand for the products grows constantly. It is because of its environmental friendliness, first, and its harmful substances within admissible level, second. Besides, the received bar as for phys-ical and mechanical properties is similar to the properties of bar from genuine wood. The tech-nology of the bar is not really difficult, but the requirements to strength properties are quite high. And first of all these requirements concern timber quality and their bond quality.

The effects of TMP and filler stratifying on wet web runnability and end product quality of fine paper

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-136
Author(s):  
Antti Oksanen ◽  
Kristian Salminen ◽  
Jarmo Kouko ◽  
Elias Retulainen
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Filler Content ◽  
Length Distribution ◽  
Fibre Length ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Paper Machine ◽  
Precipitated Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Purity Analysis

Abstract Increase of filler content in paper improves quality of the final product and reduces raw material costs. However, this is often accompanied by deterioration of paper machine runnability. In this paper the effects of stratifying PCC (precipitated calcium carbonate) and TMP on fine paper quality and the mechanical properties of dry and wet paper were studied. In addition, a new method was introduced for evaluating the layer purity of pulp and filler stratifying by measuring the fibre length distribution in the thickness direction of the paper. The filler addition reduced the mechanical properties of paper more with chemical than mechanical pulps, with similar dry tensile indices. Stratifying filler onto paper surfaces gave higher dry tensile strength properties than samples with mixed structures, whereas only a small positive effect was detected for wet tensile and relaxation properties as a result of stratifying. Stratifying fillers only had a small negative effect on the internal bond strength. Stratifying or mixing TMP with a chemical pulp blend was shown to enable an increase in the filler content of 10% without significant changes in the residual tension (tension after 0.475 s of relaxation) or tensile index of wet samples. Based on layer purity analysis, stratifying TMP and filler was found to be successful in these trials.

STUDY ON THE INFLUENCE OF CURING TEMPERATURE ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF MODIFIED FLY ASH MORTAR

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirotaka Matsuo ◽  
Koji Takasu ◽  
Hidehiro Koyamada ◽  
Hiroki Suyama
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Curing Temperature ◽  
Static Elasticity ◽  
Flotation Technique ◽  
Accumulated Temperature ◽  
Modified Fly Ash

Using fly ash as an admixture for concrete can contribute to environmental load reduction and concrete quality improvement. However, as the quality of fly ash fluctuates depending on the ash source, quality stabilization is required. It was proved that concrete with fly ash of Japanese Industrial Standardized class II has different strength properties depending on curing temperature, but it is not obvious whether concrete with modified fly ash by flotation method has similar properties. In this study, the influence was examined on the mechanical properties when changing the curing temperature of mortar using fly ash modified by the flotation technique. The sealing curing was set to 5°C, 20°C, 40°C and 60°C. Also, after 7 days, 5°C, 40°C and 60°C, is changed to 20°C and compression strength and static elasticity coefficient were measured. The value of compressive strength and static elastic modulus showed that mortar using modified fly ash had the same characteristics as mortar with ordinary fly ash. Because it was represented by one strength compressive estimation curve regardless of the curing temperature, it became clear that compressive strength can be evaluated by roughly using accumulated temperature as an indicator.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Mechanical Properties of Some Selected Sandcrete Hollow Blocks in Kogi State

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (11) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Ajibola Ibrahim Quadri ◽  
Lawrence Irobekhian Ijesoh
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Regulatory Body ◽  
Sieve Analysis ◽  
Minimum Requirement ◽  
Analysis Of Results

The current wave of the collapse of building structure all over Nigeria necessitates the need to carry out research on the mechanical properties of sandcrete hollow blocks. This study looks into the quality of blocks produced by block industries in Kogi state, Nigeria to ascertain its water absorption ratio, compressive strength and sieve analysis. In order to clarify these problems, the study is directed towards testing the strength properties of commercially produced sandcrete blocks; to verify whether the sandcrete block can be improved to achieve good quality in the building industries.  A Total of five block industries were visited and twenty samples were picked at random from each of the selected block industry and also, soil samples obtained for soil tests in the laboratory. The analysis of results obtained was compared with the Nigerian Industrial Standard (NIS). The average water absorption rate of the sandcrete blocks for block industry D was found to be 12.5% higher than the 12% maximum requirement of the [9]. The average compressive strength values of the sandcrete blocks range between 0.64N/mm2 and 0.87N/mm2 which when compared with standard, was found to be below the minimum requirement of the [9]. Inadequate mix ratio was observed to be one of the factors of poor quality sandcrete block production in this area. The study recommends compliance monitoring by the various regulatory body to ensure good quality of sandcrete block production.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Hardwood Species and Lay-Up Schemes on the Mechanical Properties of Plywood

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heikko Kallakas ◽  
Anti Rohumaa ◽  
Harti Vahermets ◽  
Jaan Kers
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Wood Species ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Product Density ◽  
Black Alder ◽  
Hardwood Species ◽  
Birch Veneer

In Estonia, hardwoods form approximately 50% of all forest area, where the main species are birch (30%), gray alder (9%), aspen (6%) and black alder (4%). Birch has been extensively used by the veneer-based industry, but species like black alder, gray alder and aspen have not been commonly used by the veneer-based products industry due to the lower quality of this resource. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of different lay-up schemes and usages of gray alder, black alder and aspen on the mechanical properties of plywood, by replacing birch veneer in the plywood core with alternative wood species. The main veneer and plywood characteristics will be evaluated according to the current standards, e.g., veneer strength perpendicular to grain, plywood bonding and bending strength, and modulus of elasticity. All processing parameters will be kept similar to those used generally by birch plywood manufacturers. The results showed that birch and black alder plywood panels had generally the highest bending strength properties, followed by grey alder and aspen. It was also found that, for proper gluing, birch veneers had the lowest glue consumption, 152 g/m2, and aspen had the highest glue consumption, 179 g/m2. It was found that when lower density wood was used in the plywood, the product density increased. Low density wood veneers had higher glue consumption, and also higher compaction in thickness than birch veneers under the same pressure. Overall, it was shown that the wood species used in this study have slightly lower strength properties, but with proper lay-up schemes, these wood species could be successfully used by the veneer-based products industry.

scholarly journals Application of 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenylsulfone and its polymethylol derivative as additives in elastomeric materials

2021 ◽  
pp. 66-72
Author(s):  
Yu.M. Kobelchuk ◽  
◽  
Yu.N. Vashchenko ◽  
L.S. Holub
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Heterogeneous Systems ◽  
Lower Degree ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
Elastomeric Matrix ◽  
Elastomeric Materials

One of the ways to improve the quality of elastomeric materials is the modification of the elastomeric matrix as well as the use of multifunctional ingredients that can function as stabilizers, vulcanizing group components and compatibilizers (i.e. substances that increase compatibility in polymer heterogeneous systems). Compounds that can be used as binders in composite materials of different composition and ensure the environmental friendliness of their production and application are considered to be promising. Among such compounds, the reaction products of 4,4'-dioxydiphenylsulfone with formaldehyde attract a particular interest since they have a lower degree of toxicity than the phenol-formaldehyde resins. This work revealed the effect of 1, 2, and 4 parts by weight of 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenylsulfone and its polymethylol derivative on technological and physical-mechanical properties of elastomeric compositions. We showed the stabilizing activity of the investigated additives in rubbers based on carbochain unsaturated rubbers. The surface of the crushed vulcanizate was modified. It was determined that the addition of modified crushed vulcanizate to the composition of rubber mixtures improves the quality of rubbers. We showed the possibility of replacing traditional anti-aging agents without deterioration of the properties of finished products.

scholarly journals Influence of Addition of Micro Silica on Strength Properties of Basalt Fiber Reinforced Multi Blended Concrete

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 4463-4467
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Basalt Fiber ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Basalt Fibers ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
Micro Silica

In recent years, the development of multi blended mix concrete has gained attention due to its multiple advantages and environmental friendliness. This paper has attempted to examine mechanical properties of Multi blended concrete of M30 grade made with micro silica and basalt fibers. To reduce the deleterious effects of the production of cement on the environment, concrete is being developed by substituting admixtures like GGBS and Fly Ash in place of cement. Multi blended concrete developed with Fly ash and GGBS showed depletion in the mechanical properties. Micro silica & Basalt fibers were added to this mix additionally to overcome this deficiency. Initially four series of mixes of multi blended concrete were developed with a composition of Fly ash 20% and GGBS 30%, 40%, 50% & 60% as replacement of cement. For better performance, micro silica at 5% by weight of cement and Basalt fibers at 0.2% by volume of concrete were added. The mechanical properties such as Split tensile & Compressive strengths were studied at the age of 7 & 28 days. The results showed that M30 grade multi blended concrete can be achieved with 30% GGBS, 20% fly ash, 5% micro silica, 0.2% basalt fibers.

Characterisation of fines from unbleached kraft pulps and their impact on sheet properties

Holzforschung ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Bäckström ◽  
Marie-Claude Kolar ◽  
Myat Htun
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Capillary Forces ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Kraft Pulps ◽  
Paper Strength ◽  
Essential Component ◽  
Profound Influence ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Strength Improvement

Abstract Fines are an essential component in the papermaking process because they have a profound influence on the behaviour of the wet web and on the mechanical properties of the final sheet. Primary fines are present in the pulp prior to refining, and secondary fines are produced during refining. In the present investigation, two commercially manufactured unbleached pulps with kappa numbers of 45 and 90 were studied in terms of how they responded to refining with respect to the quality of fibre and fines. Primary and secondary fines were collected and characterised and their impact on sheet strength was evaluated by addition of known amounts to a refined and decrilled pulp. All the measured paper strength properties improved when primary and secondary fines were added. The strength improvement was generally somewhat higher in the second case. The effect was more pronounced at a higher level of addition. We attribute the main strength improvements associated with fines to improved consolidation by the creation of capillary forces between the surfaces.

Pengaruh Tekanan dan Penggunaan Conplast terhadap Sifat Mekanik Eternit dari Abu Cangkang Sawit

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (15) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
Haspiadi Haspiadi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Palm Shell ◽  
Oil Palm Shell ◽  
Density Values ◽  
Test Result

The purpose of this research is to know the influence of pressure and use of conplast against mechanical properties which are a Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) and Modulus of Rupture (MOR) of plasterboard. The study is done because still low quality of plasterboard made from a mixture of ashes of oil-palm shell especially of the mechanical properties compared to the controls. The method of this reserach used variation of printed pressure and the addition of conplast. Test result is obtained that the highest value of Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) 90875.94 Kg/cm2, Modulus of Rupture (MOR) 61.16 Kg/cm2 and density values in generally good printed at the pressure 60 g/cm3 and the addition of conplast 25% as well as the composition of the ash of palm shell oil 40%: limestone 40%: cement 15%: fiber 5% and 300 mL of water. ABSTRAK Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh tekanan dan penggunaan conplast terhadap sifat mekanik yaitu kuat lentur dan keteguhan patah eternit berbahan dasar abu cangkang sawit. Penelitian ini dilakukan karena masi rendahnya mutu eternit berbahan campuran abu cangkang sawit dari bolier khususnya sifat mekanik dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah dengan variasi tekanan cetak dan penambahan conplast. Hasil uji diperoleh bahwa kuat lentur tertinggi sebesar 90875,94 Kg/cm2 dan keteguhan patah sebesar 61,16 Kg/cm2, yang dicetak pada tekanan 60 g/cm3 dan penambahan conplast 25% dengan komposisi  abu cangkang sawit 40 %: kapur 40 % : semen 15 %: serat 5 % dan air 300 mL.Kata Kunci :  Abu cangkang sawit, conplast, kuat lentur, keteguhan patah.

Effect of nickel on formation of transition layer during liquid-phase aluminizing of titanium

2020 ◽  
pp. 313-317
Author(s):  
A.I. Kovtunov ◽  
Yu.Yu. Khokhlov ◽  
S.V. Myamin
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Intermetallic Layer ◽  
Reaction Diffusion ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Nickel Concentration ◽  
Aluminum Melt ◽  
Titanium Aluminum ◽  
Titanium Foam

Titanium—aluminum, titanium—foam aluminum composites and bimetals obtained by liquid-phase methods, are increasingly used in industry. At the liquid-phase methods as result of the reaction diffusion of titanium and aluminum is formed transitional intermetallic layer at the phase boundary of the composite, which reduces the mechanical properties of titanium and composite. To reduce the growth rate of the intermetallic layer between the layers of the composite and increase its mechanical properties, it is proposed to alloy aluminum melt with nickel. The studies of the interaction of titanium and molten aluminum alloyed with nickel made it possible to establish the effect of temperature and aluminizing time on the thickness, chemical and phase compositions of the transition intermetallic layer. The tests showed the effect of the temperature of the aluminum melt, the nickel concentration on the strength properties of titanium—aluminum bimetal.

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