scholarly journals Assessment of Seismic Vulnerability of the Main Pipelines in Information Deficiency Conditions

10.12737/208 ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-30
Author(s):  
Котляревский ◽  
Vladimir Kotlyarevskiy ◽  
Ларионов ◽  
Valeriy Larionov ◽  
Александров ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Analysis ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Experimental Information ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Main Pipeline ◽  
Pipeline Transport ◽  
Safe Operation ◽  
Main Pipelines ◽  
Oil Pipelines

Operation in difficult climatic conditions and the large extent of the main gas and oil pipelines causes the need of search of new decisions for ensuring the reliable and safe operation of pipeline transport objects. The technique offered in this article is based on the plotting of seismic vulnerability function of the main pipeline embedded in soil by calculated dynamic analysis of stresseddeformed state in conditions of experimental information lack.

The Analysis of Ecologically Safe Operation of Oil Pipelines by Methods of the Stochastic Theory of Similarity

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 57-61
Author(s):  
T.V. Zinets ◽  
A.M. Gonopolsky
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Theory ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Safe Operation ◽  
Nature Protection ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Main Pipelines ◽  
Oil Pipelines

In article it is shown that in the analysis of conditions of environmental safety of the main oil pipelines (MOP) with use of methods of the stochastic theory of similarity, it is necessary to consider not only the MNP design-technology parameters, but also various chemical mass-exchanged processes, for example, corrosion (oxygen, sulphurous and chloric corrosion), influencing changes of structural elements in time and space. For these reasons, dependences between parametrical criteria of similarity and their communications with stochastic criteria of similarity are the basis for the developed model. Comparative analysis was carried out by results of a research more than 70 emergency situations, at transportation of oil through the main pipelines of 18 companies. In parameters of accidents criteria ratios between the factors affecting environmental safety of MNP are received. It is established that average specific intensity of accidents on routes of the sites of the oil pipeline equipped adjustable and unregulated nature protection to constructions and the equipment and also without them, correspond as 1:4.9:83.5. It is shown that a ratio of costs of compensation of ecological damage in case of accidents on routes of the same sites of the oil pipeline equipped adjustable and unregulated nature protection to constructions and the equipment and also without them approximately correspond as 1:1.9:7.5.

scholarly journals THE MAIN GAS PIPELINES MECHANICAL DAMAGE INFLUENCE ON SAFE OPERATION / MAGISTRALINIO DUJOTIEKIO MECHANINIŲ PAŽEIDIMŲ ĮTAKA SAUGIAM EKSPLOATAVIMUI

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 658-663
Author(s):  
Tadas Vilkys ◽  
Vitalijus Rudzinskas
Keyword(s):  
Computer Software ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Hardness Measurement ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Main Pipeline ◽  
Micro Hardness ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Safe Operation ◽  
Main Pipelines ◽  
Damage Types

The influence of mechanical damage of the gas transmission pipelines on safe pipelines operation was researched in the article. The paper presents the main pipelines damage types with actual parameters and influence on operational parameters. The main pipeline Kaunas – Kaliningrad part, which was removed as no longer usable, was analysed. This damaged part was removed and changed to a new part by a responsible company. The hardness measurement and micro hardness measurement, chemical analysis, impact strength test, metallography analysis with an optical microscope were used in experiments. The analysed pipeline part was also regenerated by the computer software ANSYS, which works by the finite elements method. Straipsnyje nagrinėjama magistralinių dujotiekių mechaninių pažeidimų įtaka saugiam jų eksploatavimui. Darbe pateikti pagrindiniai vamzdynų pažeidimo tipai su jiems būdingais bruožais ir įtaka eksploataciniams parametrams. Ištirta magistralinio dujotiekio Kaunas – Kaliningradas dalis, kuri buvo pašalinta, kaip nebetinkama naudojimui. Tyrimams pasitelktas kietumo ir mikrokietumo matavimas, cheminės analizės tyrimas, smūginio tąsumo bandymas. Mikrostruktūros tyrimams naudotas optinis mikroskopas. Tiriamasis objektas buvo atkurtas kompiuterinės programos, veikiančios baigtinių elementų metodu, ANSYS erdvėje.

scholarly journals Use of 3D models for control of the main pipeline protective facilities

2021 ◽  
Vol 333 ◽  
pp. 01015
Author(s):  
Maria Shlyakhova
Keyword(s):  
Active Control ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Continuous Operation ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
Main Pipeline ◽  
Aerial Laser Scanning ◽  
Main Pipelines ◽  
Protective Structures

The primary purpose of main pipelines is to transport oil products from a point to the point of destination. Therefore, its length can be thousands of kilometers, most often it is located in difficult natural and climatic conditions. Main pipeline continuous operation and protection from accidents or breakdowns requires passive or active control of protective structures using 3D technologies. The article briefly describes the technology for creating 3D models based on materials from aerial laser scanning and aerosurvey.

scholarly journals Современные проблемы обеспечения физической безопасности магистральных трубопроводов

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-118
Author(s):  
А.А. Алешков ◽  
Г.А. Цветков
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Safety System ◽  
Pipeline Transport ◽  
Safe Operation ◽  
Cumulative Impact ◽  
Energy Complex ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Main Pipelines ◽  
The World ◽  
Integrated Information

This article discusses the methodology for ensuring the physical safety of main pipelines, based on the assessment of the cumulative impact of all the hazards that occur during the operation of facilities of the pipeline transport system. The statistics of pipeline accidents in various regions of the world are analyzed. In general terms, the concept of the main directions and methods of protecting objects of the fuel and energy complex from anthropogenic interference is described. The necessity of creating an integrated information and measuring safety system for solving problems of protection and ensuring the safe operation of pipelines is shown.

Methods of risk assessment in forecasting the consequences of accidents at pipeline transport facilities

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 663-673
Author(s):  
Vladislav N. Slepnev ◽  
◽  
Alexander F. Maksimenko ◽  
Elena V. Glebova ◽  
Alla Т. Volokhina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Assessment Procedure ◽  
Expert Evaluation ◽  
Main Pipeline ◽  
Pipeline Transport ◽  
Forecasting Accuracy ◽  
Distribution Of Resources ◽  
Expert Evaluation Method

The choice of risk assessment procedure is one of the essential stages of efficient structuring of processes on prevention, localization and elimination of the consequences of accidents at main pipeline transport facilities. The authors analyzed themed publications and regulatory documents, governing procedures of risk assessment and forecasting of the consequences of possible accidents, and defined main problems in this area. Procedure for the risk assessment of accidents at main pipeline facilities was developed, the basis of which is the expert evaluation method. The procedure includes the determination of the main criteria for the assessment the probability of accident initiation and development and the evaluation of the severity of its consequences, an expert evaluation of criteria significance, their classification, and creation of a rating for hazardous pipeline sections. The application of the procedure application allows to specify the list of facilities that require high priority forecasting of accidents consequences, thus to optimize the distribution of resources and the overall increase of efficiency in planning while defining forces and special technical devices, necessary for containment and rectification of emergencies. Expert evaluation method application allows considering the specifics of certain enterprises, their technical and technological peculiarities, thereby increasing forecasting accuracy.

Improvement of legislation in the field of development and approval of plans for the prevention and elimination of oil spillage and spills of petroleum products at the facilities of main pipelines

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 654-662
Author(s):  
Andrey V. Zakharchenko ◽  
◽  
Alexander E. Gonchar ◽  
Roman Y. Shestakov ◽  
Polina V. Pugacheva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Pipeline Transport ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Oil Spillage ◽  
Trunk Pipeline ◽  
Main Pipelines ◽  
The Us ◽  
Improvement Of Legislation ◽  
Main Oil Pipeline

The procedure for action in cases of a threat or an accident at oil pipeline transport facilities is defined in the relevant plans for emergency spillage prevention and response – ESPR. The purpose of the article is to analyze the requirements of the legislation in the field of development and approval of ESPR. The specifics of ESRP development at trunk pipeline facilities in Russia are noted, the US experience in combating oil and oil products spillage is presented. The problematic issues in the development and approval of ESRP, relevant for the domestic system of main oil pipeline transport, have been considered. It was established that the Federal Law No. 207-FL, adopted in July 2020, fundamentally changed the outdated and required revision approach to the coordination and approval of ESRP. At the same time, further work is needed to create a regulatory framework that establishes requirements for ESRP, as well as to improve ESRP, taking into account modern methods of predicting accidents, identifying emergencies, risk-oriented approaches to planning measures to localize and eliminate accidents, the specifics of operating organizations.

scholarly journals Integrated economic and environmental building classification and optimal seismic vulnerability/energy efficiency retrofitting

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Caruso ◽  
Rui Pinho ◽  
Federica Bianchi ◽  
Francesco Cavalieri ◽  
Maria Teresa Lemmo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Classification System ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Operational Energy

AbstractA life cycle framework for a new integrated classification system for buildings and the identification of renovation strategies that lead to an optimal balance between reduction of seismic vulnerability and increase of energy efficiency, considering both economic losses and environmental impacts, is discussed through a parametric application to an exemplificative case-study building. Such framework accounts for the economic and environmental contributions of initial construction, operational energy consumption, earthquake-induced damage repair activities, retrofitting interventions, and demolition. One-off and annual monetary expenses and environmental impacts through the building life cycle are suggested as meaningful performance metrics to develop an integrated classification system for buildings and to identify the optimal renovation strategy leading to a combined reduction of economic and environmental impacts, depending on the climatic conditions and the seismic hazard at the site of interest. The illustrative application of the framework to an existing school building is then carried out, investigating alternative retrofitting solutions, including either sole structural retrofitting options or sole energy refurbishments, as well as integrated strategies that target both objectives, with a view to demonstrate its practicality and to explore its ensuing results. The influence of seismic hazard and climatic conditions is quantitatively investigated, by assuming the building to be located into different geographic locations.

Flat roof hygrothermal performance testing and evaluation

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 148-175
Author(s):  
Aitor Erkoreka ◽  
Ivan Flores-Abascal ◽  
Cesar Escudero ◽  
Koldo Martin ◽  
Jose Antonio Millan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Testing ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Experimental Information ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Construction Company ◽  
Hygrothermal Behavior ◽  
Ventilated Facade ◽  
Roof Design ◽  
Flat Roof

Purpose Understanding the dynamic hygrothermal behavior of building elements is very important to ensure the optimal performance of buildings. The Laboratory for Quality Control in Buildings of the Basque Government tested a flat roof designed by a construction company that developed a building to be constructed using prefabricated modules. This is a five to eight floor building with ventilated façade and a flat roof covered by gravel with the possibility of changing it to a green cover. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach The interest of this research was threefold. The first objective was to accurately test, under real dynamic weather conditions, the roof design in a PASLINK test cell to obtain the U-value and the thermal capacitance of the different roof layers, and of the roof as a whole, through the precise calibration of resistance-capacitance mathematical models of the roof. Based on the parameters and experimental information of these calibrated models, a second goal was to calibrate and validate a Wufi model of the roof. Findings This second calibrated model was then used to simulate the dynamic hygrothermal behavior of the roof, obtaining the roof’s hourly thermal demand per square meter for a whole year in different locations considered in the Spanish Building Code. These simulations also permitted the authors to study the risk of condensation and mold growth of the tested component under different climatic conditions. Originality/value The successful combination of the PASLINK method to calibrate the Wufi hygrothermal model is the main novelty of this research.

Masonry Spires: 3D Models to Understand their Seismic Vulnerability

2019 ◽  
Vol 817 ◽  
pp. 317-324
Author(s):  
Elena Zanazzi ◽  
Eva Coïsson ◽  
Daniele Ferretti ◽  
Alessio Lorenzelli
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Analysis ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Linear Time ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis ◽  
Nonlinear Static Analysis ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Epicentral Area ◽  
Finite Element Software ◽  
Bell Tower

The May 2012 Emilia earthquake has highlighted the important vulnerability of masonry spires at the top of bell towers of churches. Indeed, almost half of those in the epicentral area have shown a typical damage mechanism consisting in the shear sliding and overturning of the top of the spire. Given the recurrence of this phenomenon, the present paper tries to provide a contribution to the comprehension of the seismic behaviour of the spires through the numerical analysis of three case studies. In particular, the work analyses the spires of the churches of San Nicola di Bari in Cortile, near Carpi (MO); Sant'Egidio in Cavezzo (MO), and Sant'Agostino in Sant'Agostino (FE). The numerical models of these masonry structures were made using Abaqus Finite Element software. After the creation of the three-dimensional geometric models, a first nonlinear static analysis of the entire bell tower was performed adopting for masonry the Abaqus “concrete damage plasticity model”. Once the stability of the bell tower was verified for dead loads, the non-linear time-step dynamic analysis was faced. This required the definition of the seismic input at the base of the tower, through the accelerograms recorded by the closest stations. The nonlinear dynamic analysis of the global model of the bell tower provided the floor response spectra at the base and at the top of the spire. Indeed the comparison between spectra at the ground and at the top highlights the filter effect of the stem of the bell tower with a significant increase in accelerations at the top. This effect may explain the widespread damage observed at the top of the spires. Eventually, three different non-invasive intervention techniques were proposed in compliance with the principles of restoration and were modelled to compare their behaviour.

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