EFFECTIVENESS OF MINERAL FERTILIZER ACCORDING TO SOIL MOISTURE FOR PLANTING OF SPRING DURUM WHEAT IN THE CONDITIONS FOREST-STEPPE OF MIDDLE VOLGA REGION

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Амиров ◽  
Marat Amirov
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Leached Chernozem ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Main Factors

The paper presents the results of research on leached chernozem and gray forest soils on the effect of mineral fertilizers in combination with various indicators of soil moisture, watering. During all periods of its growth and development durum wheat is more demanding on the main factors than soft wheat, so its cultivation technology should be directed to the full realization of the potential of this crop.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF MEGAMIX FOLIAR FERTILIZING ON PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF SPRING WHEAT GRAIN

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
В.А. Исайчев ◽  
Н.Н. Андреев
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Middle Volga

Представлены результаты по изучению эффективности применения различных модификаций препарата МЕГАМИКС и комплексного минерального удобрения (нитроаммофоска) в технологии возделывании яровой пшеницы сорта Ульяновская 100 в условиях лесостепи Среднего Поволжья. Установлено, что под действием некорневой обработки препаратом МЕГАМИКС содержание белка в зерне повышалось на 0,67-1,03 % (неудобренный фон) и на 1,33-1,61 % (удобренный фон). В среднем за годы исследований, по сравнению с контрольным вариантом, повышение массовой доли клейковины составило 0,71-1,57 % (неудобренный фон) и 1,94-2,60 % (удобренный фон), в зависимости от варианта опыта. Применение препарата МЕГАМИКС и нитроаммофоски способствует снижению индекса деформации клейковины на 4,44-6,47 у.е., что, в свою очередь, улучшает технологические достоинства зерна пшеницы. Содержание крахмала в зерне опытной культуры увеличивается по сравнению с контролем на 1,81-4,99 %. Изучаемые модификации препарата МЕГАМИКС увеличивали урожайность на 0,37-1,43 ц/га на неудобренном фоне и на 1,41-3,12 ц/га на удобренном фоне. Наиболее эффективным по всем показателям является применение жидкого минерального удобрения МЕГАМИКС – ЦИНК на фоне комплексного минерального удобрения (нитроаммофоски). The results of studying the effectiveness of using various modifications of MEGAMIX and complex mineral fertilizer (ANP fertilizer) in the cultivation technology of spring wheat of the Ulyanovskaya 100 variety in the forest-steppe conditions of the Middle Volga region are presented. It was found that under the influence of foliar treatment with MEGAMIX, protein content in the grain increased by 0.67-1.03% (unfermented background) and by 1.33-1.61% (fertilized background). On average, over the years of research, in comparison with the control variant, the increase in the mass fraction of gluten was 0.71-1.57% (unfertilized background) and 1.94-2.60% (fertilized background), depending on the variant of the experiment. The use of MEGAMIX and ANP fertilizer helps to reduce gluten deformation index by 4.44-6.47 c.u., which, in turn, improves the technological advantages of wheat grain. The starch content in the grain of the experimental crop increases in comparison with the control by 1.81-4.99%. The studied modifications of MEGAMIX increased the yield by 0.37-1.43 c/ha against an unfertilized background and by 1.41-3.12 c/ha against a fertilized background. The most effective in all respects is the use of liquid mineral fertilizer MEGAMIX - ZINC against the background of a complex mineral fertilizer (ANP fertilizer).

scholarly journals The formation of the crop, sowing qualities and yield properties of spring soft wheat seeds under the influence of mineral fertilizers in the conditions of the forest-steppe zone of the Middle Volga

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
Lidiya Vasilievna Karpova ◽  
Anna Vasilievna Strogonova ◽  
Phedor Petrovich Chetverikov
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Spring Soft Wheat ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Complex Liquid ◽  
Wheat Seeds

The article presents the results of studies on the formation of the crop, sowing qualities, yield properties and biochemical composition of seeds of spring soft wheat (Tulaykovskaya Nadezhda variety) under the influence of complex liquid fertilizers with microelements in chelate form in the conditions of the forest-steppe zone of the Middle Volga. The application of mineral fertilizer Megamix increased the number of grains on one plant to 32.9–36.3 units, which exceeded the control by 1.1–4.5 units, or by 3.5–14.1%. The yield of spring wheat from the integrated application of the agrochemical increased to 3.90 t / ha, which is 21.1% higher than the control.

scholarly journals Main directions of development of agro-technologies for production of spring wheat species for sustainable agriculture in the forest-steppe of the middle Volga region

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00071
Author(s):  
Marat Amirov ◽  
Farit Shaikhutdinov ◽  
Igor Serzhanov ◽  
Albina Serzhanova
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Middle Volga

The article presents the results of research conducted in different soil and climatic conditions of the Middle Volga region on the influence of regulated factors, as well as environmental factors on the production process of plants of various types of spring wheat. The amount of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) is enough to obtain yields within 12–13 tons of dry biomass or 6–7 tons of grain. Natural precipitation is able to provide 3.82–4.36 t of spring wheat grain from 1 ha, and 4.5–6.3 t/ha by the total influence of solar energy, heat and moisture supply. Natural level of soil fertility without application of organic and mineral fertilizers allows to receive about 2 tons of spring wheat grain from 1 ha. Application of nitrogen in the form of ammoniac water (N-20.5 %) increased the yield in comparison with the use of nitrogen in the form of ammoniac saltpeter: the increase was 0.14 t per 1 ha. In the conditions of grey forest soil in the Predkamye region of the Republic of Tatarstan the optimal norm of sowing of spring wheat Triticum dicoccum Schuebl (spelt) depending on the feeding background was established. Growth of yield at sowing of 6 million seeds per hectare at all levels of nutrition in comparison with sowing rate of 4 million tons per hectare was 0.18 tons per hectare against the natural background, against the estimated background of NRC on 2.0 tons of grain – 0.19 tons and 2.5 tons of grain – 0.24 tons per hectare. The maximum yield increase was received at a combination of a mineral foodstuff with an optimum norm of sowing and has made on a settlement background 2 tons of grain from hectare – 0.20 tons, on 2.5 tons of grain – 0.34 tons from hectare. Thus, the aim of our research was to develop methods of growing high yielding quality grain of different types of wheat adapted to the conditions of forest-steppe in the Volga region.

scholarly journals Effective fertility in direct sowing of spring wheat in the middle Volga region

2019 ◽  
pp. 4-9
Author(s):  
Oleg Ivanovich Goryanin ◽  
Alexey Vasilyevich Vasin ◽  
Elena Vladimirovna Shcherbinina ◽  
Baurzhan Zhunuzovich Dzhangabaev ◽  
Lilia Vladimirovna Pronovich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Ordinary Chernozem ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Direct Sowing

It is given the impact of direct sowing technologies with different levels of intensity of arable land use, in comparison with the traditional tillage, on the elements of fertility of ordinary chernozem and productivity of spring durum wheat in the middle Volga region. The complex application of direct sowing technology using straw as fertilizer stabilizes with traditional technology the supply of soil with nitrogen, increases the content of mobile forms of phosphorus in it by 1.5-21.2%, potassium exchange – by 10.4-18.3%.   Improving the nitrogen regime of the soil in direct sowing, in which the starting doses of nitrogen fertilizers were combined with integrated plant protection, provided the highest grain yield – 1.76-1.79 t/ha, which is 0.41-0.44 t/ha (30.4-32.6 %) higher than the control. The increase in yield from the use of biological products was 0.15 t / ha (11.9 %), nitrogen fertilizers N30 – 0.17 t/ha (13.4 %), the combined use of fertilizers and insecticides 0.50-0.53 t/ha (39.7-42.0 %). The highest cost recovery was after direct sowing with a maximum level of intensification-1.98-2.02 rubles/ha, which is 0.14-0.32 rubles/ha higher than the other options. The smallest economic indicators obtained in the control to 1.54 rubles/ha. According to the results of research with direct seeding of spring durum wheat in the region is proposed on the background of integrated plant protection application of calculated doses of mineral fertilizers on yield of 2.0 t/ha (pre-sowing, local-band application).

scholarly journals Assessment of agricultural practices of winter wheat cultivation in the forest-steppe of the Middle Volga region

2020 ◽  
pp. 24-27
Author(s):  
Elena Viktorovna Kuzina
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Grain Production ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Wheat Cultivation ◽  
Middle Volga

The article considers the results of observation of the growth, development and formation of winter wheat grain yield depending on the methods of basic soil treatment, applied fertilizers and biofungicide  Phytotrix. It was found out that the options with shallow and surface treatment were not inferior to the control in terms of yield (plowing by 20-22cm). Mineral fertilizers in a dose of N30P30K30 provided an increase in the productivity of winter wheat relative to the non-fertilized background by an average of 0.54 t / ha. Treatment of plants with phytotrix increased grain production on a non-fertilized background by 0.33 t / ha, on the background of N30P30K30 by 0.76 t / ha. The maximum yield of winter wheat-5.03 t / ha was achieved with the use of combing on the background of N30P30K30 + Phytotrix. The greatest responsiveness in collecting grain from fertilizers was observed in the variants of comb-back processing and surface disking, where the increase was 0.68-0.89 t / ha against the background of N30P30K30 application, and 1.05 t/ha against the background of N30P30K30 + Phytotrix relative to the natural background of the corresponding treatments.Apply mineral fertilizers in a dose of N30P30K30, with the application of biofungicide treatment on the vegetation of the crop, which will increase the yield by 0.76 t / ha, compared to the non-fertilized background.

scholarly journals Evaluation of grass mixtures of a lawn type in the conditions of forest-steppe of the Middle Volga region

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 706-714
Author(s):  
O. A. Timoshkin ◽  
O. Yu. Timoshkina ◽  
E. V. Timoshchuk
Keyword(s):  
Comprehensive Assessment ◽  
Projective Cover ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Meadow Fescue ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Middle Volga

In 2019-2020, the quality of lawn-type grass mixtures based on creeping clover (Trifolium repens L.), meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis), pasture ryegrass (Lolium perenne) and meadow bluegrass (Poa pratensis) was evaluated in the conditions of the forest-steppe of the Middle Volga region (Penza region). The studied factors are the composition of the mixtures (creeping clover + bluegrass component), the seeding rates of the components (40 + 70 %; 55 + 55 %; 70 + 40 %) and the background of mineral nutrition (without fertilizers, P45K45, N30P45K45). The growing season during the years of research was characterized by arid conditions, the hydrothermal coefficient (HTC) for the period May-September in 2019 was 0.79, in 2020 - 0.76. On average, over two years of grass mixtures of creeping clover with meadow bluegrass at a seeding rate of 40 + 70 % and 70 + 40 % (from the seeding rate in pure form), creeping clover with meadow fescue with a seeding rate of 70 + 40 % components at all doses of mineral fertilizers had the highest comprehensive assessment of the quality of the lawn. The grass mixtures of creeping clover with meadow bluegrass (70 + 40 %) and creeping clover with meadow fescue (70 + 40 %) against the background of application of N30P45K45 had the maximum indicators in terms of herbage density (1425 and 1475 pcs/m2), which significantly exceeded the control and the variant with the introduction of Р45К45. In these variants, the highest indicators of projective cover (97.5 %) and a comprehensive assessment of "excellent" and "highest quality". According to weediness, the crops were estimated at 1 point (slightly weedy), per 1 m2 of annual and biennial weeds there were 24-27 pcs., rhizome weeds - less than 10 pcs. per 1 m2, the area of weed projective cover did not exceed 5 %.

scholarly journals AGROPHYTOCENOSIS FORMATION AND PRODUCTIVITY OF SPRING DURUM WHEAT IN CASE OF APPLICATION OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS

2021 ◽  
Vol 212 ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
V.G. Vasin ◽  
◽  
A.N. Burunov ◽  
A.O. Strizhakov A.O. ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Photosynthetic Potential

The article shows the results of the research on the development of methods for increasing spring durum wheat yield (Triticum Durum) in the system of application of liquid mineral fertilizers: Megamix for pre-sowing seed preparation, treatment of crops during the growing season with mineral fertilizers N16P16K16 for pre-sowing soil preparation in the forest-steppe conditions of the Middle Volga region. The research was carried out on the experimental field of Samara State Agrarian University in 2017-2020. In the course of a three-factor field experiment, the main biometric parametres were assessed: sprout density and plant survivability in crops, formation of aboveground mass and accumulation of dry matter, photosynthetic activity with analysis of leaf area, formation of photosynthetic potential and photosynthesis net productivity. It was found that the best parametres are formed on the variants with seed treatment of with Megamix Seeds or Megamix Profi, followed by two-fold treatment during the growing season with Megamix Profi 0.5 l / ha (tillering phase) + Megamis Nitrogen 0.5 l / ha (flag leaf phase ), with application of N16P16K16 fertilizer. It was revealed that, in this case, the sprout density is formed at the level of 78.0 ... 77.7%. The usage of Megamix for seed treatment system + treatment of crops with Megamix stimulants ensures the maximum increase of the aboveground mass in the variant of seed treatment with Megamix Seeds and treatment of crops with Megamix Profi - 1582.0 g / m2; as well as a mixture of Megamix Profi + Megamix Nitrogen - 1614, 0 g / m2 after applying N16P16K16. In these variants, the maximum leaf area and photosynthetic potential of 0.776 ... 0.981 million m2 / ha days are formed and, as a consequence, the maximum yield with the parametres of 2.89 ... 3.03 t / ha. It was found that application of liquid mineral fertilizers in all variants of the experiment significantly increases spring durum wheat yield.

Cover crop effect on yield capacity of bastard alfalfa on leached chernozem of the Middle Volga region

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
В. Гущина ◽  
О. Тимошкин ◽  
Г. Володькина
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Leached Chernozem ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Middle Volga

При обеспечении люцерны всеми известными факторами жизни можно увеличить урожайность более чем в 1,5 раза. Подобранные покровные культуры способствуют уменьшению засорённости посевов и ослабляют влияние засушливых условий, что особенно часто наблюдается в лесостепи Среднего Поволжья. Поэтому подбор покровной культуры, создающей оптимальные условия для роста и развития люцерны изменчивой сорта Дарья в первый год жизни и не снижающей её продуктивность в последующие годы по сравнению с беспокровными посевами, является актуальным. Эксперимент проводили на опытном поле ФГБНУ «Пензенский ИСХ» – филиала ФГБНУ «Федеральный научный центр лубяных культур» на чернозёме выщелоченном в 2017–2019 годах, которые характеризовались как сухие и засушливые. При значительных колебаниях температур и условий увлажнения продолжительность вегетационного периода люцерны составила 85–111 дней, сумма активных температур и осадков — 1497–1976°С и 53,6–149 мм соответственно. На своевременность появления всходов покровные культуры влияния не оказали, но к их уборке число растений люцерны в агроценозе уменьшилось в 1,8–2,0 раза по отношению ко всходам. Сохранность составила 50,0–57,0%. На беспокровных посевах, обработанных гербицидом «Пивот, ВК» в фазе ветвления, она была максимальной. Наименьшее влияние на гибель люцерны оказывала викоовсяная смесь, скошенная на зелёную массу. Сохранившаяся от покровных культур стерня задерживала снег и повышала зимостойкость люцерны до 88,8–93,4%. На беспокровных посевах она была выше — 95,5–96,3%. Причём в травостое с гербицидной обработкой количество перезимовавших растений было наибольшим — 130 шт./м2. Люцерна, вышедшая из-под викоовсяной смеси, на второй год жизни сформировала травостой, урожайность которого в сумме за два укоса составила 27,1 т/га, уступив беспокровному посеву с химической прополкой на 6,3 т/га. Effective cultivation improves alfalfa yield by more than 1.5 times. Optimal cover crops decrease weed growth and impact of dry conditions common in the forest steppe of the Middle Volga region. Therefore, the main objective was cover crop selection that positively affects the bastard alfalfa variety (“Darya”). The field trial was conducted at the Penza Agricultural Institute in 2017–2019 under dry conditions. Soil — leached chernozem. Alfalfa growing period amounted to 85–111 days under significant variations of temperature and moisture content. Cover crops had no effect on alfalfa germination rate but reduced its proportion by 1.8–2.0 times. Alfalfa viability was 50.0–57.0%. Stands treated with “Pivot, VK” herbicide and cultivated without cover crops showed the highest viability at the tillering stage. Vetch-oat mixture had less influence on alfalfa loss. Cover crop remains protected alfalfa from snow and improved its winter hardiness up to 88.8–93.4%. Alfalfa cold resistance reached 95.5–96.3% in the absence of cover crops. Herbicide application resulted in maximum number of overwintered plants — 130 pcs/m2. Pure alfalfa stands treated with the herbicide exceeded the variant with vetch-oat mixture (27.1 t ha-1) by 6.3 t ha-1 for two cuts in the second year.

scholarly journals Methods of cultivation of hemp in the forest-steppe of the middle Volga region

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
Irina Vladimirovna Bakulova ◽  
Irina Ivanovna Pluzhnikova ◽  
Nikolay Viktorovich Kriushin
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Complex Effect ◽  
Foliar Treatment ◽  
Yield Structure ◽  
Consumption Rates ◽  
Middle Volga

The complex effect of pre-sowing treatment of seeds with a protectant and liquid mineral fertilizer with subsequent foliar feeding on the growth processes and the formation of elements of productivity of hemp in the conditions of the forest-steppe of the Middle Volga region was studied. Studies have established that treatment of seeds before sowing by fungicide TMTD, VSC at the dose rate of 2.5-5.0 l/t provided the safety of the plant to harvest to 88,0-89,8 %, fertilizer Isagri Force at a rate of 1.0 l/t -- of 90.2 %. The positive influence of the investigated factors on yield structure elements: the length of inflorescence increased with the use of drugs TMTD, VSC and Isagri Force to study the consumption rates of 22.9 and 37.1 %, adding foliar treatment by 20,0% compared with the control without treatments. A significant increase in the diameter of the stem was observed when processing seeds with TMTD, VSK and Izagri Force in the consumption rates of 2.5 and 1.0 l / t by 9.5 % compared to the control. The increase in the number of internodes was promoted by treatment with drugs TMTD, VSC at a rate of 5.0 l/t and Isagri Force in doses of 1.0 and 0.5 l/t in comparison with control without treatments. Pre-sowing treatment with Izagri Force fertilizer in the consumption rates of 0.5-1.0 l / t increased the yield of seeds by 4.3 – 7.5 %. A statistically significant increase in this indicator relative to the control variant was found in the variants with Izagri Phosphorus treatment for vegetation (+0.17 t/ha or 13.6 %). The most responsive hemp plants were on the interaction of the mordant, fertilizer and foliar feeding of plants during vegetation, the increase in yield was 0.38 t / ha.

PHOTOSYNTHETIC ACTIVITY AND YIELD OF BARLEY WITH THE APPLICATION OF FERTILIZERS AND GROWTH STIMULANTS

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
Васин ◽  
Aleksey Vasin ◽  
Карлов ◽  
Evgeniy Karlov ◽  
Васин ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Yield Structure ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Factor C

Research objective is increasing the yield of barley varieties in the conditions of forest-steppe of the Middle Volga Region. Are the results of studies for 2014-2015 with the assessment of yield structure indicators, the dynamics of accumulation of dry matter, photosynthetic capacity and leaf area in different varieties of barley compared to pea for different backgrounds of mineral nutrition and processing of crops in different growth stimulants Avibit, Aminokat, Megamix N10 in the conditions of Middle Volga Region forest-steppe. In three-factor experience included two backgrounds of mineral fertilizers: no fertilizers, N45P45K45 (factor A), five barley varieties: Helios, Sonnet, Golden eagle, Hawk, and Bezenchukskaja 2 peas Flagship 12 (factor B), treatment of crops during vegetation is at tillering drugs: Avibit, Aminokat, Megamix N10 (factor C). The research identified that in all options the treatment of crops and application of fertilizers increase the performance of the photosynthetic activity and cause the greatest increase of all crops options for processing. Maximum yield over the study years provide barley varieties of Helios with the treatment of crops during vegetation drug Megamix N10 as fertilizer and N45P45K45 will be 2.43-2.90 t/ha.

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