Economical and Technological Foresight and Firms Development Strategy

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 43-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Свирчевский ◽  
Vadim Svirchevskiy ◽  
Юсим ◽  
Vyacheslav Yusim ◽  
Бобков ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Expert Assessment ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Future Production ◽  
Technological Structure ◽  
The Law

In the article a new approach to the development of strategy of commercial organization development is offered. Authors enter the new concept “economical and technological foresight” which is understood as an expert assessment of the strategic directions of social and economic and innovative development, of identification of the technological breaks capable to make impact on economy and society in the medium-term and long term on the basis of the theory of economical and technological development of firm. It is shown how on the basis of the regularities revealed within the theory of economical and technological development of firm it is possible to prove tendencies and laws of development of last, modern and future production systems. It is shown how to use the law of alternation of economical and technological structure of firm and the law of growth of economically justified volumes of release in the development of production systems.

Analysis and Simulation Methods of the Mechanisms for the Innovational Development

2019 ◽  
pp. 16-33
Author(s):  
Marta K. Isaeva
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Computer Experiment ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Construction Simulation ◽  
Technological Structure ◽  
Research Sector ◽  
Practical Trial ◽  
Construction Model ◽  
Computation Analysis

The paper dedicates in commemoration of K.A. Bagrinovsky, known scientist, doctor of economic sciences, professor. His thesis was theoretic problems of mathematical modeling and operation of economy. His works in the operations research, the methods making decision, the simulation were received in scientific world. The analysis and the modeling of the mechanisms for scientific and technological development for the production systems of different level in economic hierarchic both centrally controlled economy and making mechanism were conduced by Bagrinovsky in CEMI RAS. The paper presents the investigations (2001–2015) of the analysis and the simulation of the different mechanisms of the innovational activity. It also discusses the methods of the development the complex of the simulation models. In a sense simulation modeling is the science and the art as the selection of the salient parameters for the construction model, intake simplification, the computer experiment and the making decision based on scarcity of accuracy models rest on the heuristic power of men: the practical trial, the intelligence and the intuition. K.A. Bagrinovsky introduced the considerable endowment in the development of this direction for economic and mathematical investigation.The principal object was to show that the relationship between the innovational policy and the technological structure, scientific research sector and the introducing of the progressive production and the organizational structure is obtainable by the models. The character of these relationships may be to use in control of the parameters for the modernization economic. The construction simulation models and the experimental computation analysis were presented the investigations the different mechanisms of the innovational development ant the variants of the estimation have been accomplished on the modeling level by the computer experiment.

scholarly journals WAYS AND FACTORS THAT ENSURE THE TRANSITION OF THE ECONOMY OF THE MACRO-REGION TO A NEW TECHNOLOGICAL STRUCTURE

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-212
Author(s):  
G. H. Batov
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
The State ◽  
High Educational Level ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
Technological Structure ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Advanced Development

Purpose:the purpose of the article is to study the state of technological structures of the subjects of the macroregion, to determine the factors influencing its formation and development, to justify the ways of modernization of technological development.Methods:the methodological base of the research is based on the use of a systematic approach and General scientific methods: scientific abstraction, analysis and synthesis, generalization, system-structural analysis.Results:the analysis of the state of technological structures of the studied macroregion is carried out, the dominant structures are identified, the factors, among which are investments, commissioning of fixed assets and the level of education, which influence the formation and development of the technological structure, are considered. The direct correlation of the increasing level of technological structure with the increase of the educational level of the employed in the economy is revealed. The possible ways of technological development modernization for the macroregion are determined on the basis of the selection of the catching-up and advanced development strategy.Conclusions and Relevance:the main result of the research is the conclusion that the knowledge of the state of the technological structure of the region will allow to outline the strategy of its development, that the high educational level of the employed in the economy and social sphere will allow the region to move more rapidly to a higher technological structure. The implementation of the catch-up and advanced development strategy is designed to implement technological innovations that should lead to increased productivity, renewal of fixed capital and competitiveness, which will change the structure of the economy, to determine the most important areas of its modernization.

scholarly journals Small Ruminant Breeding Plans for Smallholder Systems

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Iniguez
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Production Environments ◽  
Market Opportunities ◽  
Smallholder Producers ◽  
Smallholder Systems

The transfer of animal genetic improvement strategies in the environments of resource-poor smallholder producers in developing countries has not been successful. Therefore, the access by farmers to sources of animals with high genetic potential is difficult or just not possible. As producers improve or intensify their systems to capture market opportunities, this access need is accentuated. This paper reviews identified constraints to the transfer of breeding plans, the need for a new approach, and the lessons learned in applying a better-targeted approach. The issues and thoughts were derived from the experience of a working group involving the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas; Austrian University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences; Argentinean National Institute of Agriculture Technology; Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa Goats and Sheep); and National Research Institute for Forestry, Agriculture and Animal Production-Mexico. The transfer of breeding strategies in smallholder systems is not a straightforward task. Contrasting a successful application in commercial livestock production environments, the achievement of the primary objectives in smallholder systems requires a holistic approach beyond pure technical matters. Of all identified aspects with direct incidence in the implementation of breeding plans, the lack of specific national policies coupled with long-term funding to support the improvement of smallholder production systems, and the lack of involvement and participation of the communities emerge as issues that gravitate more to achieve sustainability and meet the objectives of a given breeding plan.

scholarly journals Scientific Analysis of the Models Development Problems in the Organization of the Innovation Process

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 653-659
Author(s):  
Varvara Stepchenko
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Technological Structure ◽  
Scientific Analysis ◽  
The Development Strategy ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Increased Activity

The article is an attempt to formalize the scientific problems in the development of management models of the innovation process in the industrial sector of Russia in the conditions of environmental uncertainty. All over the world, as in Russia, scientific and technological progress is developing cyclically. This happens at different intervals and N.D. Kondratyev thoroughly studied it. Approximately every 40–50 years, a change in technological patterns occurs, it serves as a basis for the next long-term cycles. Our task is to determine the format for solving the problem of technology transfer in the absence of linearity in the chain of stages of the innovation process in the new sixth technological structure. The increased activity in «Industry 4.0», the Internet and various types of networks based on blockchain technologies will be in demand in the near future and will determine the development strategy not only of the state, but also that of separate regions, cities, companies and industries.

scholarly journals Grapevine Cultivars, Trellis Systems, and Mechanization of the California Raisin Industry

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew W. Fidelibus
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
The United States ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Thompson Seedless ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
Ct System ◽  
Made In

Growers in California’s San Joaquin Valley produced >25% of the world’s raisins in 2012, with a farm-gate value of >$590 million, making the United States the leading global producer of raisins. California’s traditional raisin-making method is a laborious process in which clusters of grapes (Vitis vinifera) are harvested by hand onto paper trays, which are left in the vineyard to dry. The drying fruit may need to be turned or rolled, tasks requiring manual labor, and the trays of dried raisins are also picked up by hand. Most California raisins continue to be made in this way, but in recent years, the declining availability and increasing cost of labor has prompted many growers to implement one of two mechanized production systems, “continuous tray” (CT) or “dry-on-vine” (DOV). In CT systems, machines are used to pick the berries, lay them onto a tray, and pick up the dried raisins. The CT system could be considered a short-term strategy: it is compatible with existing conventional ‘Thompson Seedless’ raisin vineyards and has been widely adopted. The DOV system could be considered a medium-term strategy: it is best suited for vineyards specifically designed for DOV, with early ripening grapevine cultivars on expansive trellis systems, which ensures timely drying, and capitalizes on the fact that sunlit row middles are not needed for fruit drying. Grapevine breeding programs are currently working toward the development of raisin grape cultivars with fruitful basal nodes, with fruit that dry naturally upon ripening. This is a long-term strategy to further reduce labor needs by enabling mechanical pruning in winter and eliminating the need for cane severance in the summer.

scholarly journals Structure of Technological Dynamics and Economic Growth of Russia

Federalism ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 5-25
Author(s):  
O. S. Sukharev
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Technological Structure ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Technological Modernization ◽  
Technological Effectiveness

The slowdown in Russia’s economic growth to the “covid crisis”, as well as the possibility of restoring growth and forming a new model of it, are associated with the need to overcome structural constraints. Moreover, the plans for the recovery of the Russian economy note the need not only for a stimulating macroeconomic policy, but also for the implementation of structural changes through technological renewal. However, technological modernization is highly dependent on the existing mode of technological development – the current and future demand for new technologies. The implementation of the country’s technological development strategy requires an assessment of the existing technological structure with a measurement of its reaction to ongoing investments in support of obsolete and emergence of new technologies. Different sectors of the economy and its regions, having a different set of technologies and their structure, show a different level of manufacturability, which is understood as the ratio of the volume of innovative to non-innovative products. The sensitivity of this parameter to investments in new and outdated technologies is also different, which cannot be taken into account in the formation of investment and technological development policies for both individual regions and Russia as a whole. Using structural and regression analysis, this study provides a picture of the structure of the technological Russian economy. It is shown that technological modernization also involves the movement of resources in the sectoral and regional context in order to eliminate structural and technological imbalances in development. Investment policy should be reduced not only to increasing investments, but also to managing their structure in conjunction with replacing old technologies in order to level and improve the overall manufacturability. This will require solving the promising problem of increasing the sensitivity of manufacturability to investments in new technologies. In the long term, this approach will make it possible to single out the modes of regional technological development, not only ranking regions in terms of sensitivity to new and old technologies, but also developing a selective set of regional policy measures.Keywords: “covid crisis”, economic growth, industrialization, investments, structural changes, structural dynamics, technologies, technological effectiveness of the regional economy.

DYNAMICS AND STRUCTURE OF INVESTMENTS IN UKRAINE: A “DIVERGENCE TRAP” OF THE TECHNOLOGICAL FUTURE

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (8) ◽  
pp. 56-67
Author(s):  
Tamara PANFILOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Technology And Innovation ◽  
Future Production

The globalized economy is entering a difficult period of technological transformation in the context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Studies of leading international organizations (UNIDO, UNCTAD, WEF) on the conceptual directions of technological change and the readiness of different countries around the world for future changes have shown their significant stratification. The main drivers of future production are: “technology and innovation,” “human capital,” “global trade,” “investment,” “institutional environment” and “financial resources.” Ukraine has been identified as an “immature” country, i.e. one that is not ready for future technological changes and needs increased attention to the transformation of the institutional environment, technology and innovation, access to finance, industrial structure, and so on. The “immaturity” of the Ukrainian economy is due to the crisis of investment activity in 2010-2021, when the share of capital investment in GDP averaged only 15.5%. The structure of foreign and capital investments by type of industrial activity is dominated by investments in low-tech industries. The share of foreign and capital investment in education and health care does not exceed 1–1.5% of the total, which in the medium term may reduce the quality of human capital. Given the outlined trends in the medium term in Ukraine there is a high probability of forming a “divergence trap” of technological development with global trends in the formation of the digital economy and Industry 4.0. In view of this, Ukraine needs to intensify state regulation in the field of investment, develop its own unique strategy for future production and economic transformation. At the same time, a double approach is possible: with the transition of some industries to the latest paradigm of technological growth, and others to the modernization of traditional technologies.

scholarly journals Crop Planning in Synchronized Crop-Demand Scenarios: A Biobjective Optimization Formulation

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 347
Author(s):  
Belarmino Adenso-Díaz ◽  
Gabriel Villa
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Cost Minimization ◽  
Profit Maximization ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Crop Planning ◽  
Biobjective Optimization ◽  
New Type ◽  
Planning Problems

Crop planning problems have been extensively studied from different perspectives (profit maximization, optimizing available water use, sustainability, etc.). In this paper, a new approach is proposed that considers new forms of customer-producer relationship, involving long-term cooperation agreements where the product volumes are agreed, and the demand is guaranteed in advance. In this context, typical of manufacturing production systems, crop planning must guarantee a given production level on specific dates, thus becoming deterministic in nature. In that context, this paper introduces a lexicographic biobjective optimization approach that, in addition to cost minimization, aims at minimizing the risk of not meeting the agreed demands. The latter is done by maximizing the geographic dispersion of the crops so that weather risk is mitigated. A number of experiments have been carried out to test the proposed approach, showing the high complexity of the solution and opening the door to new solution procedures for a problem that results from interest given to the new type of relationships in the food logistics chain.

Influence of bespoke non-commodity production on the development strategy of production systems

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
A.V. Mukhin ◽  
G.E. Ganina ◽  
Yu.A. Ostrovskiy ◽  
A.P. Yakovleva
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Production System ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Creative Activity ◽  
Strategic Development ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Commodity Production ◽  
The Development Strategy ◽  
Formalized Description

The paper presents a new approach to the development strategy of the production system based on a formalized description of bifurcations that occur in the creative activity of specialists. The goal of the development of the production system in an effort to approach the concept of a bespoke non-commodity production is justified. It is shown that an effective producer of the strategic development process is a "bifurcation producer", which in turn is the fruit of creative activity. As the first measure of evaluating the effectiveness of the strategy for the development of the production system, an approximate method for calculating the similarity coefficient of bifurcation producers to bespoke non-commodity production is proposed.

A review of the law relating to insolvent life insurance companies and proposals for reform

1984 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. E. Barrow ◽  
D. G. R. Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Life Insurance ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Insolvency Law ◽  
New Approach ◽  
General Law ◽  
The Law ◽  
Initial Object

The initial object of this paper was to make general observations on the draft Insurance Companies (Winding-Up) Rules 1983 which were circulated for comment and would be made under Section 59 of the Insurance Companies Act 1982. They concern the identification of general and long-term assets and liabilities, and the evaluation of policyholders' claims, in a winding-up. The wider objective is to review insolvency law generally in relation to long-term insurers and in particular the interaction between the general law concerning companies and the specific law relating to insurance companies. This review leads the authors to set out the case for a radical new approach.

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