INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF PUBLIC CONTROL OVER ACTIVITY OF LOCAL GOVERNMENTS

The implementation of the financial decentralization reform in Ukraine, which is the most important component of the general reform of local self-government in Ukraine for seven years, already has the first results and materials for research and conclusions. The state has proposed stages of reform and further activities of local governments. The government ensures the declared national expenditures delegated to local councils and recognizes the significant degree of their independence in planning, creating and implementing their budget plans. However, at the local level there are a number of problems that lead to inefficiency or inexpediency of costly financial activities. The article considers the most significant, effective and universal conditions and factors for improving the efficiency of spending financial resources of local budgets in the implementation of local government reform in Ukraine. The reasons for the need to implement the reform of financial decentralization and the problems it should solve are presented. Among the described bases of increase of efficiency of use of means – legislative, organizational, resource. Their definition was made possible by studying the results of community spending management during the first years of the reform. Most of them have an organizational character, i.e. one that is possible for the community to implement as a cohesive social body at the local level, have a low level of costs or opportunities for external financing or co-financing. Factors of its implementation, author’s comments and evaluation of efficiency are provided to each defined condition. The most important among the basics of effective spending of local budgets are: the availability of necessary and quality legislation, preparation and use of motivated staff of local governments, creation and implementation of social dialogue in the community, comprehensive control and analysis of public spending, determining responsibility for job responsibilities relevant employees, use of foreign experience and best financial practices of Ukrainian communities, use of energy-saving technologies, optimization of local government maintenance costs. Each of the presented bases has the described factors of their implementation which are described in article. The use of such factors makes it possible to use the available on a possible basis the effectiveness of the use of local funds, an important component of the community’s own resources during the reform of local self-government.

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The specifics of the corporate model of local self-government and the divergence of modern approaches to self-government at the local level in the Commonwealth countries

Law Enforcement Review ◽

10.24147/2542-1514.2018.2(4).86-97 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 86-97

Author(s):

A. Larichev

Keyword(s):

Local Government ◽

Local Governments ◽

Local Community ◽

Municipal Government ◽

Local Level ◽

Future Research ◽

Public Corporations ◽

Legal Method ◽

Corporate Character ◽

Corporate Model

The subject of the article is models of local self-government in Commonwealth countries.The purpose of this article is to substantiate or refute the hypothesis post-corporate model of local self-government is evolved.Methods of theoretical analysis are used, as well as legal methods, including the formal legal method and the method of comparative law.The main results and scope of their application. The corporate model of local government can be characterized by the following features: the lack of full constitutional recognition of local government as an independent form of public authority; formal institutional autonomy of municipal units as public (private-public) corporations of a special type that are not included into the system of state power; limited functional autonomy; lack of constitutional recognition of citizens’ or local communities’ right(s) to local self-government; limited accountability of local governments to the population, including the lack of sufficient legislative guarantees for the election of local authorities. These characteristics, grounded also in the historical specificity of local government development in Great Britain and its colonies, as well as in peculiarities of development of municipal units’ status in English law, are determined by the corporate character of municipal government, which does not arise from the power of communities, but is formed by the state "from above". The author also analyzes the differences in approaches to regulation and organization of local government in the Commonwealth countries.Overcoming the historical heritage, laid by the genesis of municipal corporations, in a number of Commonwealth states, indicates the formation of a new, post-corporate model of local government, which can be characterized by some features: the establishment of constitutional autonomy of local government as a special form of public power, its development as a form of democracy with greater control over the forms of self-government and governance at the local level by the population, as well as the establishment of a link between self-government and the local community. The proposed analysis may become a crucial point for future research in the field of post-corporate model of local self-government.Conclusions. Such countries as Australia and Ireland can presently be considered in a state of transition to the post-corporate model of local self-government.

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PROBLEMS OF LOCAL BUDGETS’ ORGANIZATION IN UKRAINE IN THE CONTEXT OF FINANCIAL DECENTRALIZATION

WORLD OF FINANCE ◽

10.35774/sf2017.02.029 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 29-41

Author(s):

Yurij RADELYTSKYJ

Keyword(s):

Local Government ◽

Local Governments ◽

Fiscal Decentralization ◽

Local Level ◽

Intergovernmental Transfers ◽

Financial Autonomy ◽

Before And After ◽

Local Budget ◽

Expert Community

Introduction. Fiscal decentralization as the main vector of development of Ukraine in general and local government in particular has set scientific and expert community task of defining feasibility and effectiveness of the reforms and their compliance with requirements and needs of society. Purpose. Analysis of the tool of organization of local budgets in Ukraine due to decentralization process to define the main results of these innovations and make recommendations for improving the system. Results. Specific features of organization of local budgets in Ukraine in terms of local government reform are observed. It is made comparative analysis of formation and execution of local budgets before and after the reform. Peculiarities of formation of the revenue of local governments are examined. Tax revenue is defined as the main source of local budgets. It is analyzed the main characteristics of collection of major budget-taxes. The features of expenditure policies at the local level are investigated. The main problems of this process are defined. It is investigated the place and role of intergovernmental transfers as a part of local budgets. The features of forming of intergovernmental transfers and horizontal fiscal equalization of local budgets in consequence of financial decentralization are determined. General conclusions resulting from the study are made. Conclusion. Reform of the system of local budgets requires a comprehensive update of local government and simultaneous implementation of sectoral reforms. In the system of local budget revenues development and selection of algorithm of formation of a well-defined orientation to ensure financial autonomy and financial viability and its implementation on an ongoing basis is a priority. The task of reforming expenditure part of local budgets is orientation of financial resources to secure capital expenditures and implementing their own powers of local government.

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FINANCIAL POTENTIAL OF TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES: MODERN STATE AND PROSPECTS

WORLD OF FINANCE ◽

10.35774/sf2019.04.096 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 96-110

Author(s):

Victoria BULAVINETS ◽

Natalia KARPYSHYN

Keyword(s):

Local Governments ◽

Local Community ◽

Local Level ◽

Financial Resources ◽

Investment Funds ◽

Private Sector Investment ◽

Stage Of Development ◽

Potential Sources ◽

Logical Method ◽

Local Budget

Introduction. In the context of budget decentralization in Ukraine, local governments are trying to make effective use of their powers and financial potential of the territorial community in order to increase local budget revenues and funding of services at the local level. The purpose is to find out the essence of the financial potential of territorial communities and to analyze its current state in the context of existing and potential sources of financial resources that can be used by local governments for the realization of their goals and perspectives. Methods. To achieve goal, a system of general scientific and special methods of research was used: analysis, synthesis and generalization - in the processing of literary, statistical, legislative and Internet sources on the topic of research; methods of systematizing and generalizing data, comparing and detailing were used when conducting analysis of local budget revenues; graphical, tabular and visualization methods were used for visual representation of the processed data; abstract-logical method was used for summarize the material presented and formulate conclusions. Results. It has been found out that financial potential of a local community is a collection of available and potential sources of financial resources that local governments can attract through budgetary, investment, credit and grant mechanisms to ensure the effective functioning of the community. It is proved that budgetary funds is gradually increasing and prevail in the structure of financial resources of local self-government bodies in Ukraine. Despite the positive dynamics, local budget revenues have not yet become the basis of financial independence of territorial communities, and tax revenues make up 88% of the structure of local budget own revenues. Possibilities of attracting private sector investment funds on the basis of public-private partnership as a potential source of financial resources of territorial communities are analyzed. It has been found out that the sources of growth of the financial potential of local self-government are credits and grants, which provide financing for infrastructure projects for the development of territorial communities. It is proved that the specific reserve of resource provision of territorial communities is human capital, with the participation of which the formation, distribution and use of financial resources of the community takes place. Emphasis is placed on revenues from the disposal of municipal waste as an inexhaustible financial resource of territorial communities. Proposals for increasing the efficiency of utilization of the financial potential of territorial communities at the present stage of development have been developed. Conclusions. The subject of further scientific exploration is the search for and in-depth study of ways to effectively use the financial potential of local communities to improve the quality and accessibility of public services at the local level.

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Spatial and Institutional Analysis of the Voivodships Expenditure on Culture in the Years 2003 – 2015

e-Finanse ◽

10.2478/fiqf-2019-0021 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 67-75

Author(s):

Adam Mateusz Suchecki

Keyword(s):

Local Government ◽

Public Administration ◽

Local Governments ◽

Local Level ◽

Institutional Analysis ◽

The State ◽

Cultural Institutions ◽

Location Quotient ◽

Local Authorities ◽

National Heritage

AbstractFollowing the completion of the process of decentralisation of public administration in Poland in 2003, a number of tasks implemented previously by the state authorities were transferred to the local level. One of the most significant changes to the financing and management methods of the local authorities was the transfer of tasks related to culture and national heritage to the set of tasks implemented by local governments. As a result of the decentralisation process, the local government units in Poland were given significant autonomy in determining the purposes of their budgetary expenditures on culture. At the same time, they were obliged to cover these expenses from their own revenues.This paper focuses on the analysis of expenditures on culture covered by the voivodship budgets, taking into consideration the structure of cultural institutions by their types, between 2003-2015. The location quotient (LQ) was applied to two selected years (2006 and 2015) to illustrate the diversity of expenditures on culture in individual voivodships.

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Evolution of e-participation in Greek local government

Information Polity ◽

10.3233/ip-190174 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-15

Author(s):

Constantina Costopoulou ◽

Maria Ntaliani ◽

Filotheos Ntalianis

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Big Data ◽

Local Government ◽

Local Governments ◽

Local Community ◽

New Technologies ◽

Mobile Apps ◽

Digital Technologies ◽

Decision Making Processes ◽

The Impact

Local governments are increasingly developing electronic participation initiatives, expecting citizen involvement in local community affairs. Our objective was to assess e-participation and the extent of its change in local government in Greece. Using content analysis for 325 Greek municipal websites, we assessed e-participation status in 2017 and 2018 and examined the impact of change between these years. The assessment regards two consecutive years since the adoption of digital technologies by municipalities has been rapid. The main findings show that Greek local governments have made significant small- to medium-scale changes, in order to engage citizens and local societies electronically. We conclude that the integration of advanced digital technologies in municipalities remains underdeveloped. We propose that Greek municipalities need to consider incorporating new technologies, such as mobile apps, social media and big data, as well as e-decision making processes, in order to eliminate those obstacles that hinder citizen engagement in local government. Moreover, the COVID-19 outbreak has highlighted the need for enhancing e-participation and policymakers’ coordination through advanced digital technologies.

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Disaster management strategies and relation of good governance for the coastal Bangladesh

Resources and Environmental Economics ◽

10.25082/ree.2021.02.002 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 269-279

Author(s):

Prabal Barua ◽

◽

Abhijit Mitra ◽

Saeid Eslamian ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Disaster Management ◽

Local Governments ◽

Local Community ◽

Good Governance ◽

Local Level ◽

Management Strategies ◽

National Policy ◽

Successful Implementation ◽

Community Members ◽

Management Policies

Although Bangladesh’s immense steps in preparing the disaster management policies following the values of good governance issue, the quantity to which these policies have productively been executing at the local level remnants mostly unknown. The objectives of this investigation were dual: firstly, to inspect the roles and efficiency of the local-level governance and disaster management organization, and lastly, to recognize the obstacles to the execution of national the policies and Disaster-Risk-Reduction guidelines at the local community level. The authors applied qualitative research and case Study approach, using techniques from the Participatory Rural Appraisal toolbox to collect data from local community members as well as government and NGO officials. From the finding of the study, it was revealed that interactive disaster governance, decentralization of disaster management, and compliance by local-level institutions with good governance principles and national policy guidelines can be extremely effective in reducing disaster-loss and damages. According to coastal community members, the local governments have generally failed to uphold good governance principles, and triangulated data confirm that the region at large suffers from rampant corruption, political favoritism, lack of transparency and accountability and minimal inclusion of local inhabitants in decision-making – all of which have severely impeded the successful implementation of national disaster-management policies. This study contributes to these research gaps, with identification of further research agenda in these areas. The paper deals with International Sendai Framework that called for enhancement of local level community resilience to disasters. Thus, it contributes to numerous policy and practice areas relating to good disaster governance. The study identified the specific manifestations of these failures in coastal communities in Bangladesh. These results underscore the vital need to address the wide gap between national DRR goals and the on-the-ground realities of policy implementation to successfully enhance the country’s resilience to climate change-induced disasters.

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URGENCY OF INSURANCE FOR CULTURAL HERITAGE BUILDING IN SURABAYA

Yuridika ◽

10.20473/ydk.v33i2.7547 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 232

Author(s):

Hilda Yunita Sabrie

Keyword(s):

Local Government ◽

Cultural Heritage ◽

Local Governments ◽

Research Method ◽

Local Community ◽

Third Parties ◽

Insurance Companies ◽

Conceptual Approach ◽

Heritage Buildings ◽

Heritage Building

The cultural heritage of a region is the identity and richness of history for the region. Given the importance of the existence of cultural heritage in an area, the local government should pay special attention to the continuity of its existence. Through inventory, listing the cultural heritages, maintenance until its restoration must be done properly and continuously. This is not only the responsibility of the local government, but it is the responsibility of all parties including the local community. But in practice, local government or society are less concerned about the existence of cultural heritage in the area. This research focuses on cultural heritage buildings in Surabaya because this city is one of the cities in Indonesia which has many buildings of cultural heritage with various conditions. Local governments need to act quickly and effectively to solve the problem, so the solution can be done by including third parties such as insurance companies engaged in the insurance of losses, which can help to cover some form of damage that occurred in the building of the reserve culture in Surabaya. From the problems mentioned above, the research method used is statute approach and conceptual approach.

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Performance reporting delay in local government: a global south view

International Journal of Public Sector Management ◽

10.1108/ijpsm-06-2019-0177 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 33 (4) ◽

pp. 477-496 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Charles Wharton Kaye-Essien

Keyword(s):

Local Government ◽

Local Governments ◽

Local Level ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Monitoring And Evaluation ◽

Global South ◽

Content Type ◽

Performance Reporting ◽

Reporting Delays ◽

Reporting Delay

PurposeThe object of this paper is to understand how central–local relations and internal technical characteristics contribute to performance reporting delays at the local level in a Global South context.Design/methodology/approachThe paper develops and tests four propositions using a combination of secondary data analyses and semistructured interviews with 30 local government officials.FindingsThe findings indicate that delays in performance reporting are generally high in pre-election years because leadership commitments at the local level largely shift toward national politics (campaigning for re-election of the president). Additional reporting delays were found to be the result of low financial capacity to maintain appropriate data collection and management systems, lack of highly trained monitoring and evaluation experts at the local level and lack of sanctions for noncompliance.Research limitations/implicationsThe fact that some types of Districts (large municipalities and metro areas with access to large financial resources) were excluded from the analysis induces some bias to the findings. The choice of 30 out of a total 260 local governments limits the analyses to only 12% of views and perceptions of local government reporting delay. Additionally sourcing responses from a few monitoring and evaluation (M&E) personnel out of hundreds of mid- to upper-level employees limited the breath of discussions that could have resulted from a broader study.Practical implicationsThe results of this paper suggest that any attempt at imposing sanctions on late reporting may not be very successful since national party politics, which lie outside the control of municipalities, is one of the main factors that drive reporting delay. Rather than imposing sanctions, government should consider incentivizing the reporting process. On the other hand, since internally generated funds (IGF) and the M&E team are factors that lie within the control of the municipality, any attempt to decrease reporting delay should first focus on improving local revenues and strengthening municipal M&E capacity building.Originality/valueThis paper adds to the existing literature by offering directions for approaching performance reporting delay in two ways. First, it emphasizes central–local relations as an important political determinant of performance reporting delay. Second, it explores reporting delay in Ghana's local governments and therefore provides useful insights from a Global South perspective.

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Development of a Local Health-Enhancing Physical Activity Policy Analysis Tool in France: CAPLA-Santé

Health Promotion Practice ◽

10.1177/1524839920916462 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 152483992091646 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Antoine Noël Racine ◽

Aurélie Van Hoye ◽

Amandine Baron ◽

Flore Lecomte ◽

Jean-Marie Garbarino ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Local Government ◽

Policy Analysis ◽

Local Governments ◽

Local Level ◽

Local Government Area ◽

World Health ◽

Intersectoral Collaboration ◽

Analysis Tool ◽

Health Enhancing Physical Activity

The promotion of health-enhancing physical activity (HEPA) has become a key objective in public health policy. Therefore, based on the national HEPA Policy Audit Tool Version 2 (HEPA PAT v2) of the World Health Organization, a tool was designed to support local governments in assessing HEPA policies. This study aims to describe the adaptation and testing of the HEPA policy analysis tool (CAPLA-Santé) at the local level in France. The work was conducted in three stages: (1) an intersectoral group of experts was constituted, and the group adapted each item of the HEPA PAT v2 tool to the local level; (2) a testing phase with seven local governments helped to collect data and feedback on the tool; and (3) a final workshop was organized to adjust and finalize the tool. The final version of CAPLA-Santé contains 21 items divided into six major sections: overview of HEPA stakeholders in the local government area, policy documents, policy contents, funding and political engagement, studies and measures relating to physical activity in the local government area, and progress achieved and future challenges. CAPLA-Santé allows the collection and in-depth analysis of local level policies to assess the progress in promoting HEPA and intersectoral collaboration as well as identifying successful policy levers and remaining challenges.

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