Neuroplasticity of Embryonic Brain Tissue in the Rats at Hemodynamic Disturbance

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 54-62
Author(s):  
Гафиятуллина ◽  
Gyuzyal Gafiyatullina ◽  
Хананашвили ◽  
Ya. Khananashvili
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Brain Cortex ◽  
Nerve Tissue ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Partial Pressure Of Oxygen ◽  
Protective Properties ◽  
Somatic Cortex ◽  
Hemodynamic Disturbance ◽  
Partial Oxygen

The investigation was aimed to study of the local cerebral blood flow, partial pressure of oxygen (рО2) and the character of development of local vascular reactions at embryonic neurotransplant (ENT) through 4, 8 и 12 months after its transplantation into the barrel field of somatic recipient’s rat brain cortex. In experiments, a homotopical allotransplantation 17‐day embryonic nervous tissue was conducted in the Wistar rats. In microareas of embryonic neurotransplant there is an uneven distribution of local cerebral blood flow and decrease in intensity as compared with intact somatic cortex of control rats. A 4‐month period after transplantation in the embryonic neuro‐transplantation there is the desired level of hemodynamic and oxygen supply. Dilatatory ability of micro‐vessels increases in the exercise of regulatory adaptive responses aimed at regulating the blood flow in nerve tissue, as evidenced by the increasing amplitude of functional hyperemia and magnitude of the increase of partial oxygen tension. After 8 and 12 months after transplantation, perfusion intensity and efficiency of ENT micro‐vessels vasodilatation are decreased. The local functional hyperemia is reducing, the partial pressure of oxygen increases. 4 months after transplantation unique properties of immature tissue persist; ENT possesses protective properties and provides neuroplastic effect.

scholarly journals Moderate Hyperventilation during Intravenous Anesthesia Increases Net Cerebral Lactate Efflux

2014 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 335-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Grüne ◽  
Stephan Kazmaier ◽  
Hans Sonntag ◽  
Robert Jan Stolker ◽  
Andreas Weyland
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Blood Flow Velocity ◽  
Aerobic Metabolism ◽  
Metabolic Rates ◽  
Partial Pressure Of Oxygen ◽  
Intravenous Anesthesia

Abstract Background: Hyperventilation is known to decrease cerebral blood flow (CBF) and to impair cerebral metabolism, but the threshold in patients undergoing intravenous anesthesia is unknown. The authors hypothesized that reduced CBF associated with moderate hyperventilation might impair cerebral aerobic metabolism in patients undergoing intravenous anesthesia. Methods: Thirty male patients scheduled for coronary surgery were included in a prospective, controlled crossover trial. Measurements were performed under fentanyl-midazolam anesthesia in a randomized sequence aiming at partial pressures of carbon dioxide of 30 and 50 mmHg. Endpoints were CBF, blood flow velocity in the middle cerebral artery, and cerebral metabolic rates for oxygen, glucose, and lactate. Global CBF was measured using a modified Kety–Schmidt technique with argon as inert gas tracer. CBF velocity of the middle cerebral artery was recorded by transcranial Doppler sonography. Data were presented as mean (SD). Two-sided paired t tests and one-way ANOVA for repeated measures were used for statistical analysis. Results: Moderate hyperventilation significantly decreased CBF by 60%, blood flow velocity by 41%, cerebral oxygen delivery by 58%, and partial pressure of oxygen of the jugular venous bulb by 45%. Cerebral metabolic rates for oxygen and glucose remained unchanged; however, net cerebral lactate efflux significantly increased from −0.38 (2.18) to −2.41(2.43) µmol min−1 100 g−1. Conclusions: Moderate hyperventilation, when compared with moderate hypoventilation, in patients with cardiovascular disease undergoing intravenous anesthesia increased net cerebral lactate efflux and markedly reduced CBF and partial pressure of oxygen of the jugular venous bulb, suggesting partial impairment of cerebral aerobic metabolism at clinically relevant levels of hypocapnia.

scholarly journals Simultaneous imaging of cerebral partial pressure of oxygen and blood flow during functional activation and cortical spreading depression

2009 ◽  
Vol 48 (10) ◽  
pp. D169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sava Sakadžić ◽  
Shuai Yuan ◽  
Ergin Dilekoz ◽  
Svetlana Ruvinskaya ◽  
Sergei A. Vinogradov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Cortical Spreading Depression ◽  
Spreading Depression ◽  
Partial Pressure Of Oxygen ◽  
Simultaneous Imaging

scholarly journals Biphasic Changes in Tissue Partial Pressure of Oxygen Closely Related to Localized Neural Activity in Guinea Pig Auditory Cortex

2003 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 1075-1084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuto Masamoto ◽  
Tetsuro Omura ◽  
Naosada Takizawa ◽  
Hirosuke Kobayashi ◽  
Takusige Katura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Auditory Cortex ◽  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Neural Activity ◽  
Functional Brain Imaging ◽  
Optical Recording ◽  
Partial Pressure Of Oxygen ◽  
Functional Brain

An understanding of the local changes in cerebral oxygen content accompanying functional brain activation is critical for making a valid signal interpretation of hemodynamic-based functional brain imaging. However, spatiotemporal relations between changes in tissue partial pressure of oxygen (Po2) and induced neural activity remain incompletely understood. To characterize the local Po2 response to the given neural activity, the authors simultaneously measured tissue Po2 and neural activity in the identical region of guinea pig auditory cortex with an oxygen microelectrode (tip < 10 μm) and optical recording with voltage-sensitive dye (RH 795). In addition, a laser displacement gauge and a laser-Doppler flowmeter were used to monitor the spatial displacement and regional cerebral blood flow, respectively, in the Po2 measurement region. In the activated region, tissue Po2 initially decreased during the ∼3seconds after the onset of acoustic stimuli, and then increased during the next ∼5 seconds. Such biphasic changes are consistently found in cortical layers I to IV. In addition, amplitude of the biphasic change was closely related to detected peak height of the optical signal changes. The results suggest that the initial decrease in tissue Po2 is coupled to the induced neural activity and depends on response time of local increase in cerebral blood flow.

Interaction of H2O, O2 and H2 with Proton Conducting Oxides Based on Lanthanum Scandates

2019 ◽  
pp. 88-100
Author(s):  
A. S. Farlenkov ◽  
N. A. Zhuravlev ◽  
Т. A. Denisova ◽  
М. V. Ananyev
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Molecular Hydrogen ◽  
Proton Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Partial Pressure Of Oxygen ◽  
Proton Conducting ◽  
Conducting Oxides ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Apparent Level

The research uses the method of high-temperature thermogravimetric analysis to study the processes of interaction of the gas phase in the temperature range 300–950 °C in the partial pressure ranges of oxygen 8.1–50.7 kPa, water 6.1–24.3 kPa and hydrogen 4.1 kPa with La1–xSrxScO3–α oxides (x = 0; 0.04; 0.09). In the case of an increase in the partial pressure of water vapor at a constant partial pressure of oxygen (or hydrogen) in the gas phase, the apparent level of saturation of protons is shown to increase. An increase in the apparent level of saturation of protons of the sample also occurs with an increase in the partial pressure of oxygen at a constant partial pressure of water vapor in the gas phase. The paper discusses the causes of the observed processes. The research uses the hydrogen isotope exchange method with the equilibration of the isotope composition of the gas phase to study the incorporation of hydrogen into the structure of proton-conducting oxides based on strontium-doped lanthanum scandates. The concentrations of protons and deuterons were determined in the temperature range of 300–800 °C and a hydrogen pressure of 0.2 kPa for La0.91Sr0.09ScO3–α oxide. The paper discusses the role of oxygen vacancies in the process of incorporation of protons and deuterons from the atmosphere of molecular hydrogen into the structure of the proton conducting oxides La1–xSrxScO3–α (x = 0; 0.04; 0.09). The proton magnetic resonance method was used to study the local structure in the temperature range 23–110 °C at a rotation speed of 10 kHz (MAS) for La0.96Sr0.04ScO3–α oxide after thermogravimetric measurements in an atmosphere containing water vapor, and after exposures in molecular hydrogen atmosphere. The existence of proton defects incorporated into the volume of the investigated proton oxide from both the atmosphere containing water and the atmosphere containing molecular hydrogen is unambiguously shown. The paper considers the effect of the contributions of the volume and surface of La0.96Sr0.04ScO3–α oxide on the shape of the proton magnetic resonance spectra.

Biorhythm of the partial pressure of oxygen in uterine and fetal tissues

1981 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 1305-1307
Author(s):  
A. Ya. Chizhov ◽  
V. G. Filimonov ◽  
Yu. M. Karash ◽  
R. B. Strelkov
Keyword(s):  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Partial Pressure Of Oxygen ◽  
Fetal Tissues

Singlet oxygen feedback delayed fluorescence of protoporphyrin IX in organic solutions

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 507-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivo S. Vinklárek ◽  
Marek Scholz ◽  
Roman Dědic ◽  
Jan Hála
Keyword(s):  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Singlet Oxygen ◽  
Protoporphyrin Ix ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Delayed Fluorescence ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Partial Pressure Of Oxygen ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Organic Solutions

The PpIX DF show the significant role of SOFDF mechanism at high concentrations and at atmospheric partial pressure of oxygen and should be considered when developing diagnostic tools for clinical applications.

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