scholarly journals About the Role of Personal Hearing Protection from Harmful Effects of Industrial Noise in Special Assessment of Working Condition

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Готлиб ◽  
YAkov Gotlib ◽  
Алимов ◽  
N. Alimov
Keyword(s):  
Working Condition ◽  
Standardized Test ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Hearing Protection ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
Protective Properties ◽  
Special Assessment ◽  
Technical Construction ◽  
Harmful Effects

Personal hearing protection is a simple and effective way to improve labour conditions of workers when exposed to high noise levels. Protective properties of earmuffs and earplugs should be considered when establishing classes of working conditions equally to all known technical, construction and organizational methods of noise reduction. In this case, procedures for the usage of personal noise protective equipment should be based on actually achieved efficiencies of these products, established by the modern standardized test methods.

scholarly journals Protection by noise in quarrying activities: test methods comparison of the hearing protection devices efficiency

2019 ◽  
Vol 128 ◽  
pp. 08005
Author(s):  
Guido Alfaro Degan ◽  
Gianluca Coltrinari ◽  
Dario Lippiello ◽  
Pietro Nataletti ◽  
Diego Annesi
Keyword(s):  
Test Methods ◽  
Hearing Protection ◽  
Noise Attenuation ◽  
Specific Procedure ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Relevant Role ◽  
Measurement Methodology ◽  
Protection Devices ◽  
Maximum Protection

The work operations in the quarry activities are the source of many physical agents such as dust and vibrations but especially noise. This last can have relevant negative effects they cause serious problems for the worker’s health. In order to prevent the hearing loss, the employer must provide to the workers the HPD (Hearing Protection Devices). They are inserted inside the ear following a specific procedure to ensure the maximum protection by the noise. For this reason, the use training represents an essential aspect. Also the material, which the device is made of, can influence strongly the actual noise attenuation. The study is based on tests with different HPD, some made of polyurethane and others by silicone. Two experimental campaigns were carried out under different conditions with the same measurement methodology. The results highlight the importance of the methodology used in the test and the relevant role of the use training.

The More You Say, the Less They Hear

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 159-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsbeth D. Asbeek Brusse ◽  
Marieke L. Fransen ◽  
Edith G. Smit
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Protection ◽  
Entertainment Education ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Attitude Measures ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Abstract. This study examined the effects of disclosure messages in entertainment-education (E-E) on attitudes toward hearing protection and attitude toward the source. In addition, the (mediating) role of the underlying mechanisms (i.e., transportation, identification, and counterarguing) was studied. In an experiment (N = 336), three different disclosure messages were compared with a no-disclosure condition. The results show that more explicit disclosure messages negatively affect transportation and identification and stimulate the generation of counterarguments. In addition, the more explicit disclosure messages affect both attitude measures via two of these processes (i.e., transportation and counterarguing). Less explicit disclosure messages do not have this effect. Implications of the findings are discussed.

SISTEM AUTOMATIC SWITCH REDUNDANT UPS UNTUK BEBAN ESSENSIAL

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-45
Author(s):  
Markus Dwiyanto Tobi ◽  
Alimuddin Mappa
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply ◽  
Working Condition ◽  
Control Circuit ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Main Equipment ◽  
Telecommunication Equipment ◽  
Input Condition ◽  
Research Designs ◽  
Switch Circuit

The role of the power supply device is to produce, process and distribute energy sources. Telecommunication equipment can only operate if it has continuous supply. Therefore, to maintain the continuity of the supply, a UPS (Uninterruptable Power Supply) device system is needed so that the supply to the Essential Load device will remain available so that continuity will be maintained. This research designs and proposes how a series of automatic redundant switch systems on UPS to ensure the availability of power supply for the main equipment of telecommunications systems. The Auto switch circuit is designed to have 3 (three) working stages which will trigger the relay driver as control circuit, namely the normal working condition of the contactor input K1 is present, the input condition is zero (lost), and the input condition is present. This system can automatically supply power to telecommunications equipment.

scholarly journals Terminal uridyltransferase 7 regulates TLR4-triggered inflammation by controlling Regnase-1 mRNA uridylation and degradation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Ching Lin ◽  
Yi-Ru Shen ◽  
Chi-Chih Chang ◽  
Xiang-Yi Guo ◽  
Yun-Yun Young ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttranscriptional Regulation ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Rna Stability ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Stem Loop ◽  
Stem Loop Structure ◽  
Tlr4 Activation ◽  
Harmful Effects ◽  
Different Levels

AbstractDifferent levels of regulatory mechanisms, including posttranscriptional regulation, are needed to elaborately regulate inflammatory responses to prevent harmful effects. Terminal uridyltransferase 7 (TUT7) controls RNA stability by adding uridines to its 3′ ends, but its function in innate immune response remains obscure. Here we reveal that TLR4 activation induces TUT7, which in turn selectively regulates the production of a subset of cytokines, including Interleukin 6 (IL-6). TUT7 regulates IL-6 expression by controlling ribonuclease Regnase-1 mRNA (encoded by Zc3h12a gene) stability. Mechanistically, TLR4 activation causes TUT7 to bind directly to the stem-loop structure on Zc3h12a 3′-UTR, thereby promotes Zc3h12a uridylation and degradation. Zc3h12a from LPS-treated TUT7-sufficient macrophages possesses increased oligo-uridylated ends with shorter poly(A) tails, whereas oligo-uridylated Zc3h12a is significantly reduced in Tut7-/- cells after TLR4 activation. Together, our findings reveal the functional role of TUT7 in sculpting TLR4-driven responses by modulating mRNA stability of a selected set of inflammatory mediators.

scholarly journals Transkingdom interactions between Lactobacilli and hepatic mitochondria attenuate western diet-induced diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard R. Rodrigues ◽  
Manoj Gurung ◽  
Zhipeng Li ◽  
Manuel García-Jaramillo ◽  
Renee Greer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Role ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Western Diet ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Data Driven Approach ◽  
Probiotic Strains ◽  
Host Metabolism ◽  
Harmful Effects

AbstractWestern diet (WD) is one of the major culprits of metabolic disease including type 2 diabetes (T2D) with gut microbiota playing an important role in modulating effects of the diet. Herein, we use a data-driven approach (Transkingdom Network analysis) to model host-microbiome interactions under WD to infer which members of microbiota contribute to the altered host metabolism. Interrogation of this network pointed to taxa with potential beneficial or harmful effects on host’s metabolism. We then validate the functional role of the predicted bacteria in regulating metabolism and show that they act via different host pathways. Our gene expression and electron microscopy studies show that two species from Lactobacillus genus act upon mitochondria in the liver leading to the improvement of lipid metabolism. Metabolomics analyses revealed that reduced glutathione may mediate these effects. Our study identifies potential probiotic strains for T2D and provides important insights into mechanisms of their action.

scholarly journals Effects of negative social information on the willingness to support charities: the moderating role of regulatory focus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nhat Quang Le ◽  
Magne Supphellen ◽  
Richard P. Bagozzi
Keyword(s):  
Regulatory Focus ◽  
Social Information ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Promotion Focus ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Willingness To Donate ◽  
The Social ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Harmful Effects

Abstract Donation campaigns that have an unsuccessful start often trigger negative social information in the social and mass media (e.g., “few others have donated so far”). Little research exists to shed light on the effects of such information in the context of donations. Across three studies involving different causes and different channels of communication, we find harmful effects of negative social information on the willingness to donate among prevention-focused consumers but tendencies of positive effects for consumers with a promotion focus. We identify response efficacy as a mediator of the harmful effect for prevention-focused consumers. This finding suggests that social proof theory is not sufficient to explain the harmful effect of negative social information. Alternative mediators are tested and rejected. The findings imply that an effective strategy to avoid harmful effects of negative social information is to trigger a promotion focus in target group members and communicate facts about charity effectiveness.

scholarly journals Исследование формирования омических контактов Au/Mo/Ti с пониженным сопротивлением к эпитаксиальным слоям алмаза p-типа

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (12) ◽  
pp. 1923
Author(s):  
М.Н. Дроздов ◽  
Е.В. Демидов ◽  
Ю.Н. Дроздов ◽  
С.А. Краев ◽  
В.И. Шашкин ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Carbide ◽  
Contact Resistance ◽  
Ohmic Contacts ◽  
Contact Region ◽  
Effective Diffusion ◽  
Protective Properties ◽  
High Adhesion ◽  
Heavy Doping ◽  
P Type

The formation of ohmic Au/Mo/Ti contacts to epitaxial p-type diamond films is studied. The effect of annealing on the electrical and structural properties of contacts has been investigated. It was shown that during rapid thermal annealing, the outer layer of gold protects the contact system from oxidation up to a temperature of 850°C, unlike the simplified Au/Ti system, which is more common in modern works. In Au/Ti structures without a Mo layer after high-temperature annealing, effective diffusion of titanium into the gold layer occurs, which reduces its protective properties and accelerates the diffusion of oxygen to the boundary with the diamond. Oxidation of the Ti/C contact region blocks the formation of a conductive layer of titanium carbide with high adhesion at the border with diamond. The role of various factors in reducing the contact resistance is compared: annealing for the formation of titanium carbide, heavy doping of diamond with boron atoms, and crystalline perfection of epitaxial diamond substrates. For doped epitaxial films grown on single-sector quality substrates, non-annealed ohmic contacts with a record contact resistance of 4•10<-7> Ω•cm<2> were obtained.

scholarly journals Protective Role of Flavonoids against Intestinal Pro-Inflammatory Effects of Silver Nanoparticles

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (21) ◽  
pp. 6610
Author(s):  
Ana T. Rufino ◽  
Ana Ramalho ◽  
Adelaide Sousa ◽  
José Miguel P. Ferreira de Oliveira ◽  
Paulo Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Protective Action ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Oral Exposure ◽  
Dietary Flavonoids ◽  
Harmful Effects ◽  
Human Intestinal Cells

Silver nanoparticles (AgNP) have been increasingly incorporated into food-related and hygiene products for their unique antimicrobial and preservative properties. The consequent oral exposure may then result in unpredicted harmful effects in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), which should be considered in the risk assessment and risk management of these materials. In the present study, the toxic effects of polyethyleneimine (PEI)-coated AgNP (4 and 19 nm) were evaluated in GIT-relevant cells (Caco-2 cell line as a model of human intestinal cells, and neutrophils as a model of the intestinal inflammatory response). This study also evaluated the putative protective action of dietary flavonoids against such harmful effects. The obtained results showed that AgNP of 4 and 19 nm effectively induced Caco-2 cell death by apoptosis with concomitant production of nitric oxide, irrespective of the size. It was also observed that AgNP induced human neutrophil oxidative burst. Interestingly, some flavonoids, namely quercetin and quercetagetin, prevented the deleterious effects of AgNP in both cell types. Overall, the data of the present study provide a first insight into the promising protective role of flavonoids against the potentially toxic effects of AgNP at the intestinal level.

Advances in microglia cellular models: focus on extracellular vesicle production

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Ceccarelli ◽  
Laura Marchetti ◽  
Chiara Giacomelli ◽  
Claudia Martini
Keyword(s):  
Cell Communication ◽  
Extracellular Vesicle ◽  
Cellular Models ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Harmful Effects ◽  
Brain Homeostasis

Microglia are the major component of the innate immune system in the central nervous system. They promote the maintenance of brain homeostasis as well as support inflammatory processes that are often related to pathological conditions such as neurodegenerative diseases. Depending on the stimulus received, microglia cells dynamically change their phenotype releasing specific soluble factors and largely modify the cargo of their secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs). Despite the mechanisms at the basis of microglia actions have not been completely clarified, the recognized functions exerted by their EVs in patho-physiological conditions represent the proof of the crucial role of these organelles in tuning cell-to-cell communication, promoting either protective or harmful effects. Consistently, in vitro cell models to better elucidate microglia EV production and mechanisms of their release have been increased in the last years. In this review, the main microglial cellular models that have been developed and validated will be described and discussed, with particular focus on those used to produce and derive EVs. The advantages and disadvantages of their use will be evidenced too. Finally, given the wide interest in applying EVs in diagnosis and therapy too, the heterogeneity of available models for producing microglia EVs is here underlined, to prompt a cross-check or comparison among them.

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