Myofascial syndrome: from etiology to therapy (literature review)

Myofascial pain syndromes are rightly to enduring health problems. The authors emphasize that the etiology and pathogenesis of these conditions are reviewed with the "enviable" frequency. It is natural, it affects on the common principles of treatment and rehabilitation of this population. In this regard, the present review discuss current views on the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations and common principles of treatment of myofascial pain syndromes, mechanisms of action and features of the drug and non-drug methods used in the clinic vertebral neurology. The authors describe the principles of modern trends of manual therapy and reflexology. The review presents EMG and ultrasound methods for diagnosis of trigger points, the characteristics of local muscle hypertones: painful and not painful. Special attention is paid to such phenomena as dysfunctions of the temporomandibular joint and laryngeal-pharyngeal block, viscero-motor reflexes and posthistory syndrome.