scholarly journals Culture conditions for nicotine production in tobacco tissue culture.

1978 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 1245-1251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinsuke OHTA ◽  
Osamu MATSUI ◽  
Michihiko YATAZAWA
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Tobacco Tissue Culture

Culture Conditions for Nicotine Production in Tobacco Tissue Culture

1978 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 1245-1251
Author(s):  
Shinsuke Ohta ◽  
Osamu Matsui ◽  
Michihiko Yatazawa
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Tobacco Tissue Culture

scholarly journals Barley somatic embryogenesis-an attempt to modify variation induced in tissue culture

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Orłowska
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Taguchi Method ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Dna Demethylation ◽  
Silver Ion ◽  
Donor Plant ◽  
In Vitro Tissue Culture ◽  
Induced Variation

Abstract Background Somatic embryogenesis is a phenomenon carried out in an environment that generates abiotic stress. Thus, regenerants may differ from the source of explants at the morphological, genetic, and epigenetic levels. The DNA changes may be the outcome of induction media ingredients (i.e., copper and silver ions) and their concentrations and time of in vitro cultures. Results This study optimised the level of copper and silver ion concentration in culture media parallel with the induction medium longevity step towards obtaining barley regenerants via somatic embryogenesis with a minimum or maximum level of tissue culture-induced differences between the donor plant and its regenerants. The optimisation process is based on tissue culture-induced variation evaluated via the metAFLP approach for regenerants derived under varying in vitro tissue culture conditions and exploited by the Taguchi method. In the optimisation and verification experiments, various copper and silver ion concentrations and the different number of days differentiated the tested trials concerning the tissue culture-induced variation level, DNA demethylation, and de novo methylation, including symmetric (CG, CHG) and asymmetric (CHH) DNA sequence contexts. Verification of optimised conditions towards obtaining regenerants with minimum and maximum variability compared to donor plants proved useful. The main changes that discriminate optimised conditions belonged to DNA demethylation events with particular stress on CHG context. Conclusions The combination of tissue culture-induced variation evaluated for eight experimental trials and implementation of the Taguchi method allowed the optimisation of the in vitro tissue culture conditions towards the minimum and maximum differences between a source of tissue explants (donor plant) and its regenerants from somatic embryos. The tissue culture-induced variation characteristic is mostly affected by demethylation with preferences towards CHG sequence context.

The relationship of morphogenetic potency of tobacco tissue culture and its cytogenetic features

1974 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 262-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nediyalka A. Zagorska ◽  
Zlata B. Shamina ◽  
Raisa G. Butenko
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Tobacco Tissue Culture ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Human common acute lymphoblastic leukemia-derived cell lines are competent to recombine their T-cell receptor delta/alpha regions along a hierarchically ordered pathway

Blood ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 80 (9) ◽  
pp. 2353-2362
Author(s):  
TE Hansen-Hagge ◽  
S Yokota ◽  
HJ Reuter ◽  
K Schwarz ◽  
CR Bartram
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
T Cell ◽  
T Cell Receptor ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Signal Sequence ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Initial Culture ◽  
Human B Cell

Rearrangements of the T-cell receptor (TCR) delta locus are observed in the majority of human B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemias (ALL) with a striking predominance of V delta 2(D)D delta 3 recombinations in common ALL (cALL) patients. Recently, we and others showed that almost 20% of cALL cases are characterized by further recombination of V delta 2(D)D delta 3 segments to J alpha elements, thereby deleting the TCR delta locus in analogy to the delta Rec/psi J alpha pathway in differentiating alpha/beta-positive T cells. We report here that two human cALL-derived cell lines, REH and Nalm-6, are competent to recombine the TCR delta/alpha locus under standard tissue culture conditions. Analysis of different REH subclones obtained by limiting dilution of the initial culture showed a biased recombination of V delta 2D delta 3 to distinct J alpha elements. During prolonged tissue culture, a subclone acquired growth advantage and displaced parental cells as well as other subclones. Frequently, the DJ junctions of REH subclones contained extended stretches of palindromic sequences derived from modified D delta 3 coding elements. The other cell line, Nalm-6, started the TCR delta/alpha recombination with an unusual signal joint of a cryptic recombinase signal sequence (RSS) upstream of D delta 3 to the 3′ RSS of D delta 3. The RSS dimer was subsequently rearranged in all investigated subclones to an identical J alpha element. Both cell lines might become valuable tools to unravel the complex regulation of TCR delta/alpha recombination pathways in malignant and normal lymphopoiesis.

scholarly journals Spontaneous Mutation at Amino Acid 544 of the Ebola Virus Glycoprotein Potentiates Virus Entry and Selection in Tissue Culture

2017 ◽  
Vol 91 (15) ◽  
Author(s):  
John B. Ruedas ◽  
Jason T. Ladner ◽  
Chelsea R. Ettinger ◽  
Suryaram Gummuluru ◽  
Gustavo Palacios ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Virus Entry ◽  
Spontaneous Mutation ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Surface Glycoprotein ◽  
Virus Growth ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Zaire Ebolavirus

ABSTRACT Ebolaviruses have a surface glycoprotein (GP1,2) that is required for virus attachment and entry into cells. Mutations affecting GP1,2 functions can alter virus growth properties. We generated a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus encoding Ebola virus Makona variant GP1,2 (rVSV-MAK-GP) and observed emergence of a T544I mutation in the Makona GP1,2 gene during tissue culture passage in certain cell lines. The T544I mutation emerged within two passages when VSV-MAK-GP was grown on Vero E6, Vero, and BS-C-1 cells but not when it was passaged on Huh7 and HepG2 cells. The mutation led to a marked increase in virus growth kinetics and conferred a robust growth advantage over wild-type rVSV-MAK-GP on Vero E6 cells. Analysis of complete viral genomes collected from patients in western Africa indicated that this mutation was not found in Ebola virus clinical samples. However, we observed the emergence of T544I during serial passage of various Ebola Makona isolates on Vero E6 cells. Three independent isolates showed emergence of T544I from undetectable levels in nonpassaged virus or virus passaged once to frequencies of greater than 60% within a single passage, consistent with it being a tissue culture adaptation. Intriguingly, T544I is not found in any Sudan, Bundibugyo, or Tai Forest ebolavirus sequences. Furthermore, T544I did not emerge when we serially passaged recombinant VSV encoding GP1,2 from these ebolaviruses. This report provides experimental evidence that the spontaneous mutation T544I is a tissue culture adaptation in certain cell lines and that it may be unique for the species Zaire ebolavirus. IMPORTANCE The Ebola virus (Zaire) species is the most lethal species of all ebolaviruses in terms of mortality rate and number of deaths. Understanding how the Ebola virus surface glycoprotein functions to facilitate entry in cells is an area of intense research. Recently, three groups independently identified a polymorphism in the Ebola glycoprotein (I544) that enhanced virus entry, but they did not agree in their conclusions regarding its impact on pathogenesis. Our findings here address the origins of this polymorphism and provide experimental evidence showing that it is the result of a spontaneous mutation (T544I) specific to tissue culture conditions, suggesting that it has no role in pathogenesis. We further show that this mutation may be unique to the species Zaire ebolavirus, as it does not occur in Sudan, Bundibugyo, and Tai Forest ebolaviruses. Understanding the mechanism behind this mutation can provide insight into functional differences that exist in culture conditions and among ebolavirus glycoproteins.

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