scholarly journals New Polar Constituents of the Pupae of the SilkwormBombyx moriL. I. Isolation and Identification of Methionine Sulfoxide, Methionine Sulfone, and γ-Cyclic di-L-Glutamate

2007 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
pp. 3055-3062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryuichiro TANAKA
Keyword(s):  
Methionine Sulfoxide ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Methionine Sulfone

scholarly journals Determination of Sulfur Amino Acids in Foods as Related to Bioavailability

2008 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 907-913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shane M Rutherfurd ◽  
Paul J Moughan
Keyword(s):  
Methionine Sulfoxide ◽  
Performic Acid ◽  
Cysteic Acid ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Separate Determination ◽  
Sulfur Amino Acids ◽  
Methionine Sulfone ◽  
Quantitative Impact ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract During the processing of feedstuffs and foods, methionine can be oxidized to methionine sulfoxide and methionine sulfone, and cysteine can be oxidized to cysteic acid. Methionine sulfone and cysteic acid are nutritionally unavailable, but methionine sulfoxide can be utilized, at least to some degree. The degree of utilization depends on the levels of methionine, cysteine, and methionine sulfoxide in the diet, but there is no consensus in the literature on the quantitative impact of these dietary constituents on methionine sulfoxide utilization. Methionine and cysteine are most often determined after quantitative oxidation to methionine sulfone and cysteic acid, respectively, using performic acid oxidation prior to hydrolysis. However, this method may overestimate the methionine content of processed foods, as it will include any methionine sulfoxide and methionine sulfone present. A selection of analytical methods has been developed to allow the separate determination of the 3 oxidized forms of methionine, the merits of which are discussed in this review. An additional consideration for determining methionine and cysteine bioavailability is that not all dietary methionine and cysteine is digested and absorbed from the small intestine. Selected methods designed to determine the extent of digestion and absorption are discussed. Finally, a concept for a new assay for determining methionine bioavailability, which includes determining the digestibility of methionine and methionine sulfoxide as well as the utilization of methionine sulfoxide, is presented.

Ochratoxin production by Aspergillus ochraceus as affected by methionine and structurally related compounds

1983 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 536-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Lisker ◽  
N. Paster ◽  
I. Chet
Keyword(s):  
Radial Growth ◽  
Sole Carbon Source ◽  
Synthetic Medium ◽  
Methionine Sulfoxide ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Aspergillus Ochraceus ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Methionine Sulfone ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Related Compounds

When 10−2 M of L- or D-methionine was added to a synthetic medium containing xylose as the sole carbon source, ochratoxin production by Aspergillus ochraceus was strongly inhibited. At that concentration methionine derivatives, e.g., α-methyl-DL-methionine, DL-methionine sulfoxide, and L-methionine sulfone, did not inhibit ochratoxin production, whereas DL-methionine S-methyl sulfonium chloride (MMSC) inhibited ochratoxin production to a large extent. L-Methionine, as well as MMSC, also completely inhibited sclerotia formation, while D-methionine and DL-methionine sulfoxide caused only a partial inhibition. At lower concentrations (10−3 and 10−4 M), none of the compounds exhibited inhibitory effects. In cases where strong ochratoxin inhibition was detected, fungal radial growth or mycelial dry weight was inhibited by only 10–25%, while the initial pH of the medium dropped from ~6.5 to ~4.4–5.0. Adjustment of the initial pH of media supplemented with 10−2 ML-methionine, D-methionine, or MMSC to a pH of ~7.8 did not change the inhibitory effects on ochratoxin production in media containing L-methionine. On the other hand, sclerotia formation was restored in all three treatments.

scholarly journals Discrimination of Methionine Sulfoxide and Sulfone by Human Neutrophil Elastase

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (17) ◽  
pp. 5344
Author(s):  
Darren Leahy ◽  
Cameron Grant ◽  
Alex Jackson ◽  
Alex Duff ◽  
Nicholas Tardiota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Damage ◽  
Neutrophil Elastase ◽  
Human Neutrophil ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Methionine Sulfoxide ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Human Neutrophil Elastase ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Methionine Residue ◽  
Methionine Sulfone

Human neutrophil elastase (HNE) is a uniquely destructive serine protease with the ability to unleash a wave of proteolytic activity by destroying the inhibitors of other proteases. Although this phenomenon forms an important part of the innate immune response to invading pathogens, it is responsible for the collateral host tissue damage observed in chronic conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and in more acute disorders such as the lung injuries associated with COVID-19 infection. Previously, a combinatorially selected activity-based probe revealed an unexpected substrate preference for oxidised methionine, which suggests a link to oxidative pathogen clearance by neutrophils. Here we use oxidised model substrates and inhibitors to confirm this observation and to show that neutrophil elastase is specifically selective for the di-oxygenated methionine sulfone rather than the mono-oxygenated methionine sulfoxide. We also posit a critical role for ordered solvent in the mechanism of HNE discrimination between the two oxidised forms methionine residue. Preference for the sulfone form of oxidised methionine is especially significant. While both host and pathogens have the ability to reduce methionine sulfoxide back to methionine, a biological pathway to reduce methionine sulfone is not known. Taken together, these data suggest that the oxidative activity of neutrophils may create rapidly cleaved elastase “super substrates” that directly damage tissue, while initiating a cycle of neutrophil oxidation that increases elastase tissue damage and further neutrophil recruitment.

scholarly journals DNA Synthesis in Relation to Hyphal Branching and Wall Composition in Allomyces macrogynus

1985 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Youatt
Keyword(s):  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Sodium Sulfide ◽  
Methionine Sulfoxide ◽  
Cylindrical Shape ◽  
Sulfur Amino Acids ◽  
Hyphal Branching ◽  
The Third ◽  
Methionine Sulfone ◽  
Allomyces Macrogynus ◽  
Hyphal Tip

In A. macrogynus the first replication of DNA occurred after germination, at the time of the first branching of rhizoids. Before the second replication galactan in the wall exceeded the glucan content and was not firmly attached. After the second DNA replication hyphallengthening commenced with an increase in the content of glucan but the walls lacked rigidity. At the time of the third replication walls underwent a change which commenced at the hyphal tip and worked back to the rhizoids, converting the hyphae to a rigid, cylindrical shape. Branching commenced after the fourth replication of DNA. Multiple branching occurred when mature plants were transferred to glucose-histidine-methionine solution without further DNA synthesis. Hyphal branching was used to show that A. macrogynus was able to use methionine, methionine sulfoxide, methionine sulfone, sodium sulfide, cysteine, cystathionine and homocysteine but not cystine. Thioacetamide supported growth through many subcultures showing that A. macrogynus can synthesize its sulfur amino acids.

scholarly journals The Involvement of Glutamate Metabolism in the Resistance to Thermal, Nutritional, and Oxidative Stress in Trypanosoma cruzi

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anahí Magdaleno ◽  
Brian Suárez Mantilla ◽  
Sandra C. Rocha ◽  
Elizabeth M. F. Pral ◽  
Ariel M. Silber
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Methionine Sulfoxide ◽  
Methionine Sulfoximine ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Life Cycle Stages ◽  
Methionine Sulfone ◽  
Parasite Survival ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

The inhibition of some glutamate metabolic pathways could lead to diminished parasite survival. In this study, the effects of L-methionine sulfoximine (MS), DL-methionine sulfone (MSO), and DL-methionine sulfoxide (MSE), three glutamate analogs, on several biological processes were evaluated. We found that these analogs inhibited the growth of epimastigotes cells and showed a synergistic effect with stress conditions such as temperature, nutritional starvation, and oxidative stress. The specific activity for the reductive amination of α-ketoglutaric acid, catalyzed by the NADP+-linked glutamate dehydrogenase, showed an increase in the NADP+ levels, when MS, MSE, and MSO were added. It suggests an eventual conversion of the compounds tested by the T. cruzi cells. The fact that trypomastigote bursting was not significantly inhibited when infected cells were treated with these compounds, remarks the existence of relevant metabolic differences among the different life-cycle stages. It must be considered when proposing a new therapeutic drug.

THE UTILIZATION OF CARBON-1 COMPOUNDS BY PLANTS: I. THE METABOLISM OF METHANOL-C14AND ITS ROLE IN AMINO ACID BIOSYNTHESIS

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
pp. 1793-1802 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Cossins
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Methionine Sulfoxide ◽  
Amino Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Insoluble Residue ◽  
Methionine Biosynthesis ◽  
Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Tissue Slices ◽  
Methanol Metabolism ◽  
Methionine Sulfone

Methanol-C14was rapidly metabolized by carrot tissue slices, pea cotyledons, soybean cotyledons, castor bean endosperm, beet storage tissues, and mature beet leaves. With the exception of beet storage tissues, carbon dioxide was a chief product of methanol metabolism. In all tissues, methanol carbon was also incorporated in the organic acids, sugars, amino acids, and the insoluble residue. Serine, methionine, methionine sulfone, and methionine sulfoxide were important labelled components present in the amino acid fractions separated. Degradation of the serine-C14that was produced by carrot tissues metabolizing methanol-C14showed that the bulk of the label was present in the 3-position. The results are interpreted as indicating that methanol can act as a precursor of the carbon-1 units that are to be utilized in transmethylation reactions leading to serine and methionine biosynthesis. In addition, methanol can be oxidized to carbon dioxide by these tissues, and this reaction possibly involves dehydrogenase systems.

EFFECT OF SULFUR COMPOUNDS ON APPRESSORIUM FORMATION BY COLLETOTRICHUM GRAMINICOLA

1971 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. NETOLITZKY ◽  
W. P. SKOROPAD
Keyword(s):  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Methionine Sulfoxide ◽  
Sulfhydryl Groups ◽  
Cysteic Acid ◽  
Colletotrichum Graminicola ◽  
Appressorium Formation ◽  
Cysteine Sulfinic Acid ◽  
Homocysteic Acid ◽  
Methionine Sulfone

Compounds containing sulfhydryl groups inhibited appressorium formation by Colletotrichum graminicola (Ces.) Wils. Appressoria were not formed in 0.03 and 0.06 M solutions of cysteine, homocysteine, thiohistidine and reduced glutathione. They were formed abundantly within 24 hr in 0.006, 0.03 and 0.06 M solutions of cysteine sulfinic acid, cysteic acid, homocysteic acid, S-methyl cysteine, methionine, methionine sulfone, methionine sulfoxide, and oxidized glutathione. The role of sulfhydryl groups in the inhibition of appressorium formation is discussed.

Utilization of L-Methionine Sulfoxide, L-Methionine Sulfone and Cysteic Acid by the Weanling Rat

1976 ◽  
Vol 106 (8) ◽  
pp. 1108-1114 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Harvey Anderson ◽  
David V. M. Ashley ◽  
John D. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Methionine Sulfoxide ◽  
Cysteic Acid ◽  
Methionine Sulfone
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