Convenient Preparation and Quantification of 5,5′-Diferulic Acid

Hirotaka YAMAMOTO; Tsutomu HOSHINO; Takeo UCHIYAMA

doi:10.1271/bbb.63.390

Convenient Preparation and Quantification of 5,5′-Diferulic Acid

Bioscience Biotechnology and Biochemistry ◽

10.1271/bbb.63.390 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 63 (2) ◽

pp. 390-394 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Hirotaka YAMAMOTO ◽

Tsutomu HOSHINO ◽

Takeo UCHIYAMA

Keyword(s):

Diferulic Acid ◽

Convenient Preparation

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A Convenient Preparation of 9H-Carbazole-3,6-dicarbonitrile and 9H-Carbazole-3,6-dicarboxylic Acid

Synthesis ◽

10.1055/s-0033-1340557 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 46 (05) ◽

pp. 596-599 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Mohamed Eddaoudi ◽

Łukasz Weseliński ◽

Ryan Luebke

Keyword(s):

Dicarboxylic Acid ◽

Convenient Preparation

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Anticholinesterase Activities of Different Solvent Extracts of Brewer’s Spent Grain

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods10050930 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 930

Author(s):

Rares I. Birsan ◽

Peter Wilde ◽

Keith W. Waldron ◽

Dilip K. Rai

Keyword(s):

Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽

Therapeutic Approaches ◽

Total Polyphenol ◽

Brewer’S Spent Grain ◽

Dietary Polyphenols ◽

Synthetic Drugs ◽

Naturally Occurring ◽

Diferulic Acid ◽

Spent Grain ◽

Butyryl Cholinesterase

Cholinesterases, involved in acetylcholine catabolism in the central and peripheral nervous system, have been strongly linked with neurodegenerative diseases. Current therapeutic approaches using synthetic drugs present several side effects. Hence, there is an increasing research interest in naturally-occurring dietary polyphenols, which are also considered efficacious. Food processing by-products such as brewer’s spent grain (BSG) would be a potential bio-source of polyphenols. In this study, polyphenol-rich BSG extracts using 60% acetone and 0.75% NaOH solutions were generated, which were further subjected to liquid–liquid partitioning using various organic solvents. The water-partitioned fractions of the saponified extracts had the highest total polyphenol content (6.2 ± 2.8mgGAE/g dw) as determined by Folin–Ciocalteu reagent, while the LC-MS/MS showed ethyl acetate fraction with the highest phenolics (2.9 ± 0.3mg/g BSG dw). The best inhibitions of acetyl- (37.9 ± 2.9%) and butyryl- (53.6 ± 7.7%) cholinesterases were shown by the diethyl ether fraction of the saponified extract. This fraction contained the highest sum of quantified phenolics (99 ± 21.2µg/mg of extract), and with significant (p < 0.01) inhibitory contribution of decarboxylated-diferulic acid. Amongst the standards, caffeic acid presented the highest inhibition for both cholinesterases, 25.5 ± 0.2% for acetyl- and 52.3 ± 0.8% for butyryl-cholinesterase, respectively, whilst the blends insignificantly inhibited both cholinesterases. The results showed that polyphenol-rich BSG fractions have potentials as natural anti-cholinesterase agents.

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