scholarly journals Purification and Some Properties ofp-Nitrophenyl-β-D-glucoside-hydrolyzing Enzymes in Culture Filtrate ofBacillus circulansKA-304 Grown on Cell-wall Preparation ofSchizophyllum commune

1998 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsushige MIZUNO ◽  
Naoyuki AWAZU ◽  
Takashi TACHIKI
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Culture Filtrate ◽  
Cell Wall Preparation ◽  
Hydrolyzing Enzymes

scholarly journals Co-operative action by endo- and exo-β-(1→3)-glucanases from parasitic fungi in the degradation of cell-wall glucans of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary

1974 ◽  
Vol 140 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Jones ◽  
Alex. H. Gordon ◽  
John S. D. Bacon
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Culture Filtrate ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Coniothyrium Minitans ◽  
Parasitic Fungi ◽  
Complete Breakdown

1. Two fungi, Coniothyrium minitans Campbell and Trichoderma viride Pers. ex Fr., were grown on autoclaved crushed sclerotia of the species Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, which they parasitize. 2. in vitro the crude culture filtrates would lyse walls isolated from hyphal cells or the inner pseudoparenchymatous cells of the sclerotia, in which a branched β-(1→3)-β-(1→6)-glucan, sclerotan, is a major constituent. 3. Chromatographic fractionation of the enzymes in each culture filtrate revealed the presence of several laminarinases, the most active being an exo-β-(1→3)-glucanase, known from previous studies to attack sclerotan. Acting alone this brought about a limited degradation of the glucan, but the addition of fractions containing an endo-β-(1→3)-glucanase led to almost complete breakdown. A similar synergism between the two enzymes was found in their lytic action on cell walls. 4. When acting alone the endo-β-(1→3)-glucanase had a restricted action, the products including a trisaccharide, tentatively identified as 62-β-glucosyl-laminaribiose. 5. These results are discussed in relation to the structure of the cell walls and of their glucan constituents.

Characterization of the cell wall matrix polysaccharides and glycoside-hydrolyzing enzymes of Distylium racemosum callus

Plant Science ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 178 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haruyoshi Konno ◽  
Hisaaki Tsumuki ◽  
Susumu Nakashima
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Wall Matrix ◽  
Hydrolyzing Enzymes

Transformations of 12,13-Epoxy-ll-hydroxy-9-octadecenoic Acid and 4,5-Epoxy-N-acetylsphingosine by Incubation with Liver Homogenate and Liver Microsomes

2000 ◽  
Vol 55 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 981-986
Author(s):  
Alexander Möllenberg ◽  
Gerhard Spiteller
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Human Liver ◽  
Octadecenoic Acid ◽  
Liver Microsomes ◽  
Liver Homogenate ◽  
Human Liver Microsomes ◽  
Porcine Liver ◽  
Hydrolyzing Enzymes

Transformation of 12,13-epoxy-11-hydroxy-9-octadecenoic acid and 4,5-epoxy-N-acetylsphingosine by addition of porcine liver homogenate and human liver microsomes, respectively was investigated. Both epoxides were converted to corresponding dioles by porcine liver homogenate, but not by human liver microsomes, suggesting location of the hydrolyzing enzymes not in the microsomes, but within the cell wall.

Effect of Hydrolyzing Enzymes on Wheat Bran Cell Wall Integrity and Protein Solubility

2016 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Arte ◽  
Kati Katina ◽  
Ulla Holopainen-Mantila ◽  
Emilia Nordlund
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Protein Solubility ◽  
Cell Wall Integrity ◽  
Hydrolyzing Enzymes

scholarly journals Fermentation and subsequent disposition of 14C-labelled plant cell wall material in the rat

1993 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. F. Gray ◽  
M. A. Eastwood ◽  
W. G. Brydon ◽  
S. C. Fry
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Plant Cell ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Fermentation Products ◽  
Bacterial Fermentation ◽  
Cell Wall Preparation

A 14C-Iabelled plant cell wall preparation (I4C-PCW) produced from spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) cell culture exhibits uniform labelling of the major polysaccharide groups (%): pectins 53, hemicellulose 13, cellulose 21, starch 3. This 14C-PCW preparation has been used in rat studies as a marker for plant cell wall metabolism. Metabolism of the 14C-PCW occurred largely over the first 24 h. This was due to fermentation in the caecum. The pectic fraction of the plant cell walls was degraded completely in the rat gastrointestinal tract, but some [14C-]cellulose was still detected after 24 h in the colon. Of the 14C,22% was recovered in the host liver, adipose tissue and skin, 26% excreted as 14CO2 and up to 18%was excreted in the faeces. There was no urinary excretion of 14C. In vitro fermentation using a caecal inocuium showed reduced 14CO2 production, 12% compared with 26% in the intact rat. 14C-PCW is auseful marker to investigate the fate of plant cell wall materials in the gastrointestinal tract. These studies show both bacterial fermentation of the 14C-PCW and host metabolism of the 14C-labelled fermentation products.

The fate of acetyl groups and sugar components during the digestion of grass cell walls in sheep

1977 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Jane Morris ◽  
J. S. D. Bacon
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Sodium Ethoxide ◽  
Mesophyll Cell ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Cell Wall Preparation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Isolated Cell

SummaryThe digestibilities of grass cell wall constituents determined in a digestion trial were compared with those obtained by suspending various isolated cell wall preparations in nylon bags in the rumen of a sheep. Particular attention was paid to acetyl groups and to individual sugars, which were determined in both cases by gas liquid chromatography.For dried grass and hay in the digestion trial the cell wall constituents showed digestibilities decreasing in the following order: arabinose, galactose, glucose, xylose, acetyl, lignin.For a leaf cell wall preparation derived from all cell types except mesophyll, the nylon bag technique allowed the same order of digestibilities; rhamnose and uronic acids were also measured and found to be rapidly digested. Mesophyll cell walls placed in nylon bags were more readily digested than non-mesophyll. All the sugars, and also acetyl groups, were digested to the same extent.In a grass cell wall preparation isolated from sheep faeces, tested similarly, xylose and glucose were digested to the same extent, but acetyl groups were less digested.Removal of acetyl groups, using sodium ethoxide, which left the sugar composition and lignin content unchanged, increased the digestibility particularly of the cell walls from faeces.The results are discussed with reference to the relationship between cell wall composition and digestibility.

A Modified Procedure for Isolation of Yeast Mitochondrial DNA

2002 ◽  
Vol 57 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 960-962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trayana Nedeva ◽  
Ventzislava Petrova ◽  
Tsonka Hristozova ◽  
Anna Kujumdzieva
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Mitochondrial Fraction ◽  
Batch Cultivation ◽  
Exponential Growth Phase ◽  
Isolation And Purification ◽  
Cell Wall Preparation ◽  
Enzymatic Lysis

A modified, rapid and inexpensive method for preparation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), suitable for molecular analysis is proposed. It comprises batch cultivation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain NBIMCC 583 on a simple nutrient medium at 28 °C; permeabialization of cells from late exponential growth phase with cetyltrimethylamonnium bromide, mechanical disintegration of the cell wall; preparation of a mitochondrial fraction and subsequent isolation and purification of mtDNA. The amount and the purity of the obtained mtDNA have been checked and its application for molecular analysis proven.The main advantages of the proposed procedure for isolation of mtDNA are introduction of simple nutrient medium, replacement of the enzymatic lysis of the cell wall by the cheaper mechanical one, avoidance of ultracentrifugation steps and use of harmful chemical substances.

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